【摘要】：鄉(xiāng)村旅游最早起源于19世紀(jì)中期的歐洲,而我國(guó)的鄉(xiāng)村旅游從理論和實(shí)踐上都晚于西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,歷經(jīng)30多年的發(fā)展已經(jīng)取得了較為顯著的成果。我國(guó)的鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展有著其特殊的時(shí)代背景和理論背景,鄉(xiāng)村旅游是城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的重要途徑之一,其對(duì)安陽(yáng)市具有深刻的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,主要表現(xiàn)在:一、具有扶貧作用,可幫助貧困山區(qū)依托自然資源發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì);二、有效促進(jìn)非農(nóng)就業(yè),鄉(xiāng)村旅游的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造諸多崗位,可實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民家門(mén)口就業(yè);三、促進(jìn)農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整優(yōu)化,改變?cè)瓉?lái)單一的種植和養(yǎng)殖結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民收入來(lái)源的多元化;四、社會(huì)效益,有效吸納農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧;五、生態(tài)效益,實(shí)現(xiàn)資源開(kāi)發(fā)與保護(hù)并舉;六、文化效益,有助于鄉(xiāng)村文化的傳承與保護(hù)。本文通過(guò)實(shí)地走訪(fǎng)與調(diào)查問(wèn)卷相結(jié)合的形式得出安陽(yáng)市鄉(xiāng)村旅游的現(xiàn)狀,安陽(yáng)市地理位置優(yōu)越、歷史文化悠久、旅游資源豐富,具有發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村旅游得天獨(dú)厚的條件,近幾年呈現(xiàn)出蓬勃向上的趨勢(shì)。但在發(fā)展過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了諸如規(guī)劃管理混亂、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不完善、重?cái)?shù)量輕質(zhì)量、營(yíng)銷(xiāo)宣傳手段落后、信息化水平低下、環(huán)境保護(hù)力度不足及旅游產(chǎn)品單一、同質(zhì)化嚴(yán)重且文化內(nèi)涵挖掘不夠等問(wèn)題,這些都在一定程度上限制了安陽(yáng)市特色旅游資源的充分發(fā)揮,也制約了安陽(yáng)市鄉(xiāng)村旅游的發(fā)展。在對(duì)安陽(yáng)市鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀、問(wèn)題有了清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)和分析后,本文選取了美國(guó)、英國(guó)、西班牙、日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),及國(guó)內(nèi)云南、成都和北京鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展的有益經(jīng)驗(yàn),有針對(duì)性地提出適合安陽(yáng)市鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展的途徑。通過(guò)以上調(diào)查和分析,總結(jié)安陽(yáng)市鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展的八點(diǎn)建議:一、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)品體系,突出產(chǎn)品特色。打造主題式鄉(xiāng)村旅游,突出地方特色旅游產(chǎn)品,實(shí)現(xiàn)旅游產(chǎn)品的多元化、梯度化,增加旅游產(chǎn)品文化內(nèi)涵,避免旅游產(chǎn)品單一、同質(zhì)化。二、創(chuàng)新?tīng)I(yíng)銷(xiāo)手段,樹(shù)立品牌形象。運(yùn)用多元化的宣傳手段,突出特色,以良好的品牌形象增加重游率。加大人才培養(yǎng),提升服務(wù)質(zhì)量。不能一味的重?cái)?shù)量而輕質(zhì)量,要對(duì)旅游從業(yè)進(jìn)行專(zhuān)業(yè)的知識(shí)和技能培訓(xùn),將旅游地提供的各項(xiàng)服務(wù)制度化。三、政府進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃、協(xié)調(diào)管理。政府要制定完善的政策和法律法規(guī),在資金和技術(shù)方面加大支持力度,對(duì)旅游目的地的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施進(jìn)行完善,為鄉(xiāng)村旅游的發(fā)展保駕護(hù)航。四、加強(qiáng)人才培養(yǎng),提升服務(wù)質(zhì)量。對(duì)旅游從業(yè)人員進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)和服務(wù)技能的培訓(xùn),提升服務(wù)品質(zhì)。五、完善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),拓寬融資渠道。允許民間資本的進(jìn)入,建設(shè)多元化的融資渠道。六、充分發(fā)揮行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)組織的作用。七、加大旅游地信息化建設(shè)。建立完善的鄉(xiāng)村旅游地動(dòng)態(tài)信息反饋機(jī)制,滿(mǎn)足游客信息化、智能化運(yùn)用的需求。八、注重環(huán)境保護(hù),實(shí)現(xiàn)綜合效益。發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村旅游的同時(shí)注重農(nóng)民生活壞境的保護(hù)和自然生態(tài)的保護(hù),開(kāi)發(fā)與保護(hù)并舉,不能以環(huán)境為代價(jià)換取經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:Rural tourism originated in Europe in the middle of the nineteenth Century, and rural tourism in China is later than the western developed countries in theory and practice. After 30 years of development, the development of rural tourism has achieved remarkable achievements. The development of rural tourism in China has its special background and theoretical background, rural tourism is the integration of urban and rural economy and the new development. One of the important ways of rural construction is of profound theoretical and practical significance to the city of Anyang, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, it has the role of poverty alleviation, which can help the poor mountainous areas rely on natural resources to develop the economy; two, to effectively promote non-agricultural employment and to create many posts in the development of rural tourism, and to realize the employment of farmers at the door of the family; three, promote the rural industry. Structural adjustment and optimization, change the original single planting and aquaculture structure, realize the diversity of farmers' income sources; four, social benefits, effectively absorb the rural surplus labor to promote social harmony; five, ecological benefits, the realization of resource development and protection; six, cultural benefits, contribute to the heritage and protection of rural culture. This article through the field In the form of questionnaire and survey, the status of rural tourism in Anyang is obtained. Anyang has a favorable geographical position, long history and culture, rich tourist resources, and has a unique condition for developing rural tourism. In recent years, there has been an upward trend in the development process, but in the process of development, such as the chaos of planning and management, the infrastructure is not complete. Good, heavy quantity and light quality, low marketing propaganda means, low level of information, inadequate environmental protection and unitary tourism products, serious homogeneity and lack of cultural connotation mining, which have limited the full swing of Anyang's characteristic tourism resources to a certain extent, but also restrict the development of rural tourism in Anyang. After a clear understanding and analysis of the current situation of rural tourism development in Yang City, the successful experience of rural tourism development in developed countries such as the United States, Britain, Spain and Japan, and the beneficial experience of the development of rural tourism in Yunnan, Chengdu and Beijing in China are selected, and the approaches to the development of rural tourism in Anyang are put forward. Through the above investigation and analysis, the eight suggestions for the development of rural tourism in Anyang are summarized as follows: first, optimize the product system, highlight the characteristics of the products, create the theme style rural tourism, highlight the local characteristics of tourism products, realize the diversification and gradient of tourism products, increase the cultural connotation of tourism products, avoid the single and homogeneous tourism products, two, innovation camp. Sell means, establish brand image, use diversified means of publicity, highlight characteristics, increase revisit rate with good brand image, increase talent training, improve service quality. We can not weigh the quantity and light quality blindly, carry out professional knowledge and skill training on tourism industry, institutionalize various services provided by tourism. Three, government advance The government should make a unified plan and coordinate management. The government should make perfect policies and laws and regulations, strengthen the support for capital and technology, improve the infrastructure of tourist destinations and escort the development of rural tourism. Four, strengthen the training of talents and improve the quality of service. Train the service skills to improve the quality of service. Five, improve the infrastructure construction, broaden the financing channels, allow the entry of private capital, and build a diversified financing channel. Six, give full play to the role of the organization of the industry association. Seven, increase the information construction of tourist sites and establish a perfect dynamic information feedback mechanism for the tourist sites of the village and village to meet the tourist information. Eight, pay attention to environmental protection and realize comprehensive benefits. At the same time, the development of rural tourism should pay attention to the protection of the peasants' life and the protection of the natural ecology, the development and the protection, and the economic benefits can not be exchanged at the cost of the environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F592.7;F327

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