【摘要】：21世紀(jì)最關(guān)鍵的是人才,我國(guó)堅(jiān)持尊重知識(shí)、尊重人才,堅(jiān)決貫徹人才強(qiáng)國(guó)戰(zhàn)略。因此,高科技人才培養(yǎng)是我國(guó)教育發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。本論文以2007-2011年增選的中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士為研究對(duì)象,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)研究、比較研究和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析的方法對(duì)其學(xué)歷背景、留學(xué)背景、從業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了研究,根據(jù)院士的學(xué)緣特點(diǎn)分析了我國(guó)教育政策和高校發(fā)展,并提出嘗試性建議,主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一,通過(guò)比較研究和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析院士的學(xué)歷背景,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)高科技人才成長(zhǎng)的幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：學(xué)歷越高,科學(xué)成就越大；重點(diǎn)院校培養(yǎng)的高科技人才更多；科學(xué)研究所是培養(yǎng)科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)人才的重要機(jī)構(gòu)；人才培養(yǎng)地域分布不平衡。 第二,分析中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士們的留學(xué)國(guó)別、留學(xué)院系、留學(xué)趨勢(shì),并探討留學(xué)方式、留學(xué)目的、留學(xué)地點(diǎn)和留學(xué)結(jié)果演變,得出幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：留學(xué)院士多數(shù)集中于1980s、1990s出國(guó)深造,美國(guó)是他們的主要的留學(xué)目的國(guó)；留學(xué)目的從之前“憂國(guó)憂民”的思想逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽晕覂r(jià)值的提升；留學(xué)方式多樣化；留學(xué)地點(diǎn)不斷變化,美國(guó)是我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段留學(xué)生最多的國(guó)家；我國(guó)各種政策鼓勵(lì)留學(xué)生歸國(guó)。 第三,對(duì)院士的從業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)的類(lèi)型和地域分布進(jìn)行分析,探討我國(guó)高科技人才匯集有幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：從院士的從業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)類(lèi)型來(lái)看,高等院校和研究機(jī)構(gòu)是高科技人才重要的匯集地；從院士從業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)的地域分布來(lái)看,北京以絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)位居榜首。 第四,基于院士學(xué)緣特點(diǎn),從教育政策、高校發(fā)展方面探討,對(duì)我國(guó)高科技人才培養(yǎng)提出幾點(diǎn)建議。從教育政策的教育公平方面來(lái)說(shuō),建議合理配置教育資源、鼓勵(lì)更多的青年人才前往中西部邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)、建立多種人才選擇機(jī)制、建立完善的基層文化教育體系；從高校發(fā)展方面來(lái)看,存在高校發(fā)展不平衡、文理科涇渭分明、學(xué)術(shù)不端和人才流失問(wèn)題,建議加大中西部高校、普通高校的扶持力度；從加強(qiáng)學(xué)科交流合作方面來(lái)講,應(yīng)該提高綜合素質(zhì)教育水平,建立誠(chéng)信檔案、強(qiáng)化監(jiān)管制度,建立多樣留學(xué)機(jī)制、加強(qiáng)高校國(guó)際化,加強(qiáng)人才引進(jìn)機(jī)制,提高師資力量。
[Abstract]:The most important thing in the 21st century is talent. Our country insists on respecting knowledge, respecting talents and carrying out the strategy of strengthening the country by talents. Therefore, the cultivation of high-tech talents is the key to the development of education in China. In this paper, the academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2007 to 2011 were selected as the research objects, and their academic background, study background and working institutions were studied by using the methods of literature research, comparative study and statistical analysis. According to the academic characteristics of academicians, this paper analyzes the educational policies and the development of colleges and universities in China, and puts forward some tentative suggestions. The main contents are as follows: first, through comparative research and statistical analysis, the academic background of academicians is analyzed. We can find several characteristics of the growth of high-tech talents in China: the higher the educational background, the greater the scientific achievements; The scientific research institute is an important institution for the training of scientific professionals, and the regional distribution of talent training is not balanced. Second, analyzing the study abroad country, department and trend of the academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and discussing the way, the purpose, the place and the result of studying abroad, the following characteristics are obtained: the majority of the academicians studying abroad are concentrated in 1980 s. In 1990's, the United States was their main destination for studying abroad. The purpose of studying abroad has gradually changed from the thought of "worrying about the country and the people" to the promotion of self-worth, the diversification of study abroad, the constant change of study place, and the fact that the United States has the most overseas students in our country at the present stage; all kinds of policies of our country encourage foreign students to return home. Thirdly, it analyzes the types and geographical distribution of academicians' professional organizations, and probes into several characteristics of hi-tech talents' gathering in China: from the view of the types of academicians' professional organizations, universities and research institutions are the important gathering places for high-tech talents; Judging from the geographical distribution of academicians, Beijing topped the list by absolute superiority. Fourthly, based on the characteristics of academicians' academic fate, this paper probes into the educational policy and the development of colleges and universities, and puts forward some suggestions for the cultivation of high-tech talents in China. From the aspect of education fairness of educational policy, it is suggested to allocate educational resources rationally, encourage more young talents to go to the remote areas of central and western regions, set up a variety of talent selection mechanism, and establish a perfect grass-roots cultural education system. From the point of view of the development of colleges and universities, there is imbalance in the development of colleges and universities, a clear distinction between arts and science, academic misconduct and brain drain, it is suggested to increase the support of universities and colleges in the central and western part of the country. From the aspect of strengthening the subject exchange and cooperation, we should improve the level of comprehensive quality education, establish the credit file, strengthen the supervision system, establish various studying abroad mechanism, strengthen the internationalization of colleges and universities, strengthen the talent introduction mechanism, and improve the teachers' strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G322.21

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李永瑞;黎翔;;50后兩院院士高等教育傳記特征與政策建議[J];北京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2010年04期

2 李憶華;李立生;;高校教師學(xué)術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)積累效應(yīng)探析[J];重慶廣播電視大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年03期

3 李俠,馬兆俐,杜寶貴;科學(xué)家發(fā)表重要學(xué)術(shù)著作的年齡的研究[J];東北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2000年04期

4 宋春霞;施建民;韓婭舒;;對(duì)高等教育落實(shí)以人為本的幾點(diǎn)思考[J];西北工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2008年01期

5 樓武林;吳殿廷;張艷平;;杰出經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家成長(zhǎng)的環(huán)境因素分析與啟示——以諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者為例[J];傳承;2010年06期

6 李曉紅,李樝;中國(guó)院士與《中國(guó)大百科全書(shū)》[J];辭書(shū)研究;2005年02期

7 徐冠華;構(gòu)建有利于科技人才成長(zhǎng)的環(huán)境[J];求是;2003年23期

8 ;中共中央 國(guó)務(wù)院印發(fā) 國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要(2010-2020年)[J];人民教育;2010年17期

9 劉超,吳殿廷,顧蘇丹,張若,蔡春霞;高級(jí)人才成材因素的初步研究——中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士成材背景的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析[J];人文地理;2004年05期

10 孫啟貴,徐飛;諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者群體狀況分析及啟示[J];社會(huì)科學(xué)家;2005年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊麗;中國(guó)女性科學(xué)家群體狀況研究[D];中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 鄧麗萍;研究生學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范教育研究[D];中南民族大學(xué);2011年

2 畢晉鋒;近代留學(xué)生與中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士群體[D];山西大學(xué);2005年

3 陶愛(ài)民;中國(guó)工程院院士群體狀況研究[D];中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號(hào)：2399346