本文選題：科研數(shù)據(jù)管理 + 科研數(shù)據(jù)共享��； 參考：《武漢大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：科研數(shù)據(jù)是人類社會科技活動所產生的數(shù)據(jù)、資料,以及按照不同需求而系統(tǒng)加工的數(shù)據(jù)產品和相關信息。它既是科技活動的產物,又是支撐科學研究及科技創(chuàng)新的基本資源,同時也是政府部門制定政策、進行科學決策的重要依據(jù)。科研數(shù)據(jù)的管理與共享已成為各國的重要戰(zhàn)略目標,受到國際組織、政府部門及研究機構的高度重視。通過制定完善的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策,以規(guī)范、引導和推動科研數(shù)據(jù)的管理與共享實踐是國外發(fā)達國家的普遍做法。美國、英國、澳大利亞等發(fā)達國家均已制定了較完善的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策,并取得了較好的效果,可供我國參考借鑒。 本文的目的是在調查了解科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的政策需求和分析借鑒國外科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享經(jīng)驗的基礎上,對我國的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策進行研究探討,從而為我國的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享實踐提供政策保障。論文共包括7個部分,主要內容如下： 第0章緒論。介紹選題背景與研究意義,梳理國內外有關科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的研究與實踐,明確研究目標、研究內容和研究方法。 第1章理論基礎�？疾炝诵畔①Y源管理與共享理論、信息生命周期理論對科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享實踐的指導意義。科研數(shù)據(jù)是一種具有重要價值的信息資源,應運用信息資源管理與共享理論對其進行良好管理、開發(fā)利用和共享,以實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)價值的最大化。同時,科研數(shù)據(jù)在產生和利用的不同階段有著不同的特點,應根據(jù)信息生命周期理論,對處于不同階段的數(shù)據(jù)采取不同的管理和利用策略,從而以最小的成本獲得最大的效益。 第2章我國科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的政策需求調查。為了解我國科研人員對科研數(shù)據(jù)收集、管理、保存和共享的現(xiàn)狀及對政策的需求,為政策的制定提供依據(jù),筆者對我國科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的政策需求進行了調查。調查結果顯示,我國科研人員缺少數(shù)據(jù)管理的意識和專業(yè)技能,科研數(shù)據(jù)保存與管理的現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀。我國科研人員共享數(shù)據(jù)的途徑以人際關系為主,由于科研數(shù)據(jù)共享不充分給科研人員獲取數(shù)據(jù)帶來了較大困難。絕大多數(shù)調查對象贊成制定科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策,但對政策的制定與實施也存在著一些擔心和顧慮。 第3章國內外科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策的調查。為了解國內外有關科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策的現(xiàn)狀,筆者對國內外的科研數(shù)據(jù)政策法規(guī)進行了調查。其中國外的調查對象以美國、英國、加拿大、澳大利亞等國為主,分別調查了國內外科研資助管理機構、科研單位及其他部門和機構制定的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策。調查結果表明,英美兩國的科研資助管理機構和科研單位都制定了較完善的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策,有效地保障了科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享實踐。而我國大多數(shù)科研資助管理機構和科研單位尚未制定相關政策,不利于我國科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享實踐的發(fā)展。 第4章國內外科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策的分析。在第三章的調查基礎上,筆者分別對國內外科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的政策進行了深入分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)國外的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策大都要求科研人員在科研項目開始前制定科學合理的數(shù)據(jù)管理計劃,并以數(shù)據(jù)管理計劃為基礎推動科研數(shù)據(jù)的管理與共享,同時這些政策有著較強的可執(zhí)行與可實施性。我國已有的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策主要是由科學數(shù)據(jù)共享工程的各數(shù)據(jù)共享中心制定的。與國外的數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策相比,我國的科研數(shù)據(jù)政策在指導思想上存在著“重管理輕共享”的特點。 第5章我國科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策的制定。在調查了解科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的政策需求和對比分析國內外科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策現(xiàn)狀及特點的基礎上,筆者基于科研數(shù)據(jù)生命周期理論提出了我國科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策。政策的體系包括國家層面的相關法律法規(guī)、科研資助管理機構的數(shù)據(jù)政策及指南、科研單位的數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策等三個層面的政策。其中,國家層面的政策包括“科研數(shù)據(jù)共享法”、“政府信息公開法”、“保密法”、“隱私保護法”、“知識產權法”等法律法規(guī)；科研資助與管理機構層面的政策包括“科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策”、“數(shù)據(jù)匯交政策”等；科研單位的政策包括“本單位的科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策”、“知識產權政策”、“學術規(guī)范政策”、“數(shù)據(jù)保密政策”等。 第6章我國科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策的實施。科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享政策制定的目的是為了推動我國科研數(shù)據(jù)的管理與共享,實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)價值最大化。因而,政策的有效落實和實施是關鍵。本章提出了政策實施的保障措施：完善相關支持政策、建立科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的支持與服務機制、多途徑的經(jīng)費投入與支持機制以及建立科研數(shù)據(jù)管理與共享的考核與評價機制等,從而保障政策的順利實施。 第7章結語。對全文進行梳理,提煉觀點,并對今后的研究方向提出展望。本文是中央高校基本科研業(yè)務費專項資金資助項目“我國科學數(shù)據(jù)共享保障機制研究”(2012104010205)和教育部人文社會科學研究項目“我國科學數(shù)據(jù)集成與共享的保障研究”(13YJA870016)課題成果之一。
[Abstract]:Scientific research data is the data and data produced by human social science and technology activities , and the data products and related information which are processed according to different needs . It is not only the product of scientific and technological activities , but also the important basis for supporting scientific research and technological innovation . It is a common practice in developed countries to regulate , guide and promote the management and sharing of scientific research data .

The purpose of this paper is to study the policy needs and analysis of scientific data management and sharing , and to study the data management and sharing policy in our country .

Chapter 0 introduces the background and significance of the topic selection , and sorts out the research and practice on the data management and sharing of scientific research at home and abroad , and makes clear the research goal , the research content and the research method .

On the basis of chapter 1 , the guiding significance of information resource management and sharing theory and information life cycle theory to scientific research data management and sharing practice is studied . Scientific research data is a kind of information resource with important value . It should be managed , exploited and shared by information resource management and sharing theory to maximize data value . At the same time , the data of scientific research has different characteristics in different stages of production and utilization .

In order to understand the current situation and demand of scientific research data collection , management , preservation and sharing of scientific research data in our country , the author makes a survey on the policy needs of scientific data management and sharing in our country . The survey results show that the research data management and sharing policy needs of our country is not optimistic . The survey results show that the data sharing of scientific research personnel is mainly in interpersonal relationship . Most of the research objects are in favor of developing scientific data management and sharing policies , but there are some concerns and concerns about the formulation and implementation of policy .

In order to understand the current situation of scientific research data management and sharing policy at home and abroad , the author surveys the research data management and sharing policies at home and abroad .

In chapter 3 , the author analyzes the policy of scientific data management and sharing at home and abroad , and finds out that the research data management and sharing policy in foreign countries most require scientific research personnel to establish scientific and reasonable data management plan before the beginning of scientific research project , and to promote the management and sharing of scientific research data based on data management plan .

On the base of investigating the current situation and characteristics of scientific data management and sharing at home and abroad , the author puts forward the policy of scientific research data management and sharing based on the data life cycle theory of scientific research .
The policy of scientific research financing and management organization level includes " scientific data management and sharing policy " , " data exchange policy " , etc . ;
The policies of scientific research institutes include " scientific data management and sharing policies of the unit " , " intellectual property policy " , " academic standardization policy " , " data confidentiality policy " , etc .

Chapter 6 The implementation of scientific data management and sharing policy in China . The purpose of the research data management and sharing policy is to promote the management and sharing of scientific research data in our country and to maximize the data value . Therefore , the effective implementation and implementation of the policy are key . This chapter puts forward the safeguard measures of policy implementation : to perfect the relevant supporting policy , to establish the support and service mechanism of scientific research data management and sharing , to establish the evaluation and evaluation mechanism of scientific research data management and sharing , so as to guarantee the smooth implementation of the policy .

Chapter 7 is one of the research achievements in the research of science data sharing and security mechanism in China ( 2012104010205 ) and the Ministry of Education ' s humanities and social science research project , " Guarantee Research on Integration and Sharing of Science Data in China " ( 2012104010205 ) and Ministry of Education ' s humanities and social science research project .

【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G322;G259.2
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本文編號：1834039