本文關(guān)鍵詞： 預(yù)見性政府 公共危機管理 風(fēng)險社會　出處：《云南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文以預(yù)見性政府理論為分析視角,以文獻(xiàn)分析法、系統(tǒng)分析與個案分析結(jié)合法、比較分析法、多學(xué)科交叉研究方法,研究轉(zhuǎn)型期我國的公共危機管理。 預(yù)見性政府是具有強烈風(fēng)險和危機意識的、重在削減發(fā)展成本、注重可持續(xù)發(fā)展的政府,是建立在風(fēng)險社會理論、新公共管理理論和新公共服務(wù)理論、治理和善治理論基礎(chǔ)上的新型政府治理模式。預(yù)見性政府具有強烈的風(fēng)險意識、前瞻型公共政策、防控性治理體系和多元化治理主體等特征。預(yù)見性政府的這些理念能夠推進(jìn)我國公共管危機管理的創(chuàng)新,推進(jìn)公共危機管理更加注重預(yù)防,完善危機預(yù)警機制,完善危機應(yīng)對的體制機制,更加發(fā)揮好政府與企業(yè)和社會組織的協(xié)同作用。 當(dāng)前中國政府在公共危機管理取得了一定成績,其預(yù)見性有了一定提升,如危機預(yù)警意識提高,應(yīng)急預(yù)案逐步完備；政府職能積極轉(zhuǎn)變,應(yīng)急體制基本完善；體系運轉(zhuǎn)靈敏高效,應(yīng)急機制逐漸健全；法律法規(guī)從無到有,制度建設(shè)不斷完善。但也存在一定問題,如法律法規(guī)不完善、組織體系不健全；管理主體單一、社會力量參與度低；風(fēng)險評估缺乏、政府公信力下降；宣傳教育不足、公眾危機意識差；信息公開不夠、媒體應(yīng)對能力弱等。具體從昆明“3·01”暴恐案件看,還需要進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)變管理理念,重視對公共危機的預(yù)防；完善危機預(yù)警、多種渠道搜集情報信息；加強治安防控、做好公共場所重點排查；增強預(yù)案演練、重視警務(wù)人員實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練；強化危機意識、提高社會公眾避險能力；提高媒體素養(yǎng)、主動化解社會輿論危機。 當(dāng)前,西方發(fā)達(dá)國家在預(yù)見性政府建設(shè)和公共危機管理方面都積累了很多經(jīng)驗,美國、日本、英國等國的經(jīng)驗都啟示我們，我國的預(yù)見性政府建設(shè)和公共危機管理要健全法律法規(guī)、整合社會資源、強化危機意識、強化風(fēng)險評估。 總體而言,當(dāng)前我國的預(yù)見性政府視閾下的公共危機管理可以從以下幾個方面加以完善：創(chuàng)新危機管理理念、完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī)；加強部門聯(lián)動協(xié)作、健全管理體制機制；加強風(fēng)險識別預(yù)警、提高政府預(yù)見能力；有效整合應(yīng)急資源、建立多元管理體系；開展危機教育培訓(xùn)、培養(yǎng)國民危機意識；充分發(fā)揮媒體作用、主動引導(dǎo)輿論宣傳。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of predictive government theory, this paper studies the public crisis management in China during the transition period from the perspective of literature analysis, the combination of systematic analysis and case analysis, comparative analysis and multidisciplinary cross-research. Predictive government has a strong sense of risk and crisis. It is based on the theory of risk society, the theory of new public management and the theory of new public service, which focuses on cutting development costs and paying attention to sustainable development. A new model of government governance based on governance and good governance. Predictive government has a strong sense of risk and forward-looking public policy. These concepts of predictive government can promote the innovation of crisis management of public management in China, promote public crisis management to pay more attention to prevention and improve the crisis warning mechanism. Improve the institutional mechanism for crisis response, and give full play to the synergy between the government and enterprises and social organizations. At present, the Chinese government has made certain achievements in public crisis management, and its foresight has been improved, such as the improvement of crisis warning consciousness and the gradual completion of emergency preparedness plans; The government functions have been changed actively and the emergency system has been basically improved; The operation of the system is sensitive and efficient, and the emergency mechanism is gradually improved; Laws and regulations come into existence from scratch, and the system construction is constantly consummated. However, there are still some problems, such as imperfect laws and regulations, imperfect organizational system; The main body of management is single and the participation of social forces is low; The lack of risk assessment leads to a decline in the credibility of the government; Inadequate publicity and education, poor public awareness of the crisis; The information disclosure is not enough and the media's ability to deal with it is weak. From the case of "3.01" violent terrorism in Kunming, it is necessary to further change the management concept and pay attention to the prevention of public crisis. Perfect the crisis early warning, collect intelligence information through various channels; Strengthen public security prevention and control, do a good job of public places key investigation; To strengthen the practice of plan preparation and pay attention to the actual combat training of police personnel; Strengthen the consciousness of crisis and improve the ability of the public to avoid risks; Improve media literacy and actively resolve the crisis of public opinion. At present, the western developed countries have accumulated a lot of experience in predictive government construction and public crisis management, and the experience of the United States, Japan, Britain and other countries all enlighten us. It is necessary to perfect laws and regulations, integrate social resources, strengthen crisis consciousness and strengthen risk assessment in the construction of predictable government and public crisis management. In general, the public crisis management under the foresight of our government can be improved from the following aspects: innovating the concept of crisis management, perfecting the relevant laws and regulations; Strengthen the coordination between departments and improve the management system and mechanism; Strengthen the risk identification and early warning, improve the ability of the government to foresee; Effective integration of emergency resources, the establishment of a pluralistic management system; Carry out crisis education and training, train national crisis consciousness; Give full play to the role of the media, the initiative to guide public opinion propaganda.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D63

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