【摘要】：在水下作業(yè)中,水下遇險目標表面損傷的高清晰觀測,對于打撈方案的制定不可或缺。海水中,尤其是接近海床的位置,水體能見度很低,研究一種能夠在渾濁環(huán)境下工作的水下低照度相機,在水下能夠提供清晰的圖像,具有重大意義。EMCCD作為新一代的低照度成像芯片,具有高靈敏度、低噪聲等優(yōu)點,在低照度成像領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用。本文分析了 EMCCD相機國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,介紹了 EMCCD的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理,并針對本次設(shè)計中水下低照度相機的核心感光芯片——CCD97(一款E2V公司生產(chǎn)的EMCCD芯片),設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了整套電子學系統(tǒng)。水下低照度相機電子學系統(tǒng)是整個相機的硬件核心,主要包括EMCCD驅(qū)動模塊、FPGA控制模塊、模擬前端模塊和電源模塊。首先對CCD97的結(jié)構(gòu)及驅(qū)動需求進行分析,并以此為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計EMCCD驅(qū)動模塊,實現(xiàn)了 CCD97驅(qū)動信號的電平轉(zhuǎn)換及功率放大,使高壓倍增增益可調(diào),并提供了低噪聲的偏置電壓;分析FPGA控制模塊所需資源并選型,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了周圍接口電路;設(shè)計了模擬前端模塊,對CCD97輸出信號進行讀出放大,并能夠進行相關(guān)雙采樣、暗電平截斷等操作;分析整個系統(tǒng)的供電需求,分別針對不同的模塊的需要,設(shè)計了穩(wěn)定的低噪聲電源模塊;最后對各個模塊分別測試并給出了總體測試結(jié)果。測試結(jié)果表明,該電子學系統(tǒng)符合水下低照度相機的工作需要,在其基礎(chǔ)上搭建的水下低照度相機,拍攝的水下圖像清晰,證明了本設(shè)計的正確性。
[Abstract]:In underwater operation, high-definition observation of surface damage of underwater distress target is indispensable to the formulation of salvage scheme. In the sea water, especially near the seabed, the visibility of the water is very low. A kind of underwater low illumination camera which can work in a cloudy environment is studied, which can provide a clear image under the water. As a new generation of low illuminance imaging chip, EMCCD has the advantages of high sensitivity and low noise, and has been widely used in the field of low illuminance imaging. This paper analyzes the development of EMCCD camera at home and abroad, and introduces the structure and working principle of EMCCD. A complete electronic system is designed and implemented for the core photosensitive chip CCD97 (a EMCCD chip produced by E2V company) of the underwater low illuminance camera in this design. The electronic system of underwater low illuminance camera is the hardware core of the whole camera, which mainly includes EMCCD driver module, FPGA control module, analog front-end module and power supply module. Firstly, the structure and driving requirement of CCD97 are analyzed, and the EMCCD driver module is designed on this basis, which realizes the level conversion and power amplification of the CCD97 driving signal, makes the high voltage multiplication gain adjustable, and provides low noise bias voltage. This paper analyzes the resources needed by FPGA control module, designs and implements the peripheral interface circuit, designs the analog front-end module, reads out and amplifies the output signal of CCD97, and can perform the operations of correlation double sampling, dark level truncation and so on. The power supply demand of the whole system is analyzed, and a stable low noise power supply module is designed according to the needs of different modules. Finally, each module is tested and the overall test results are given. The test results show that the electronic system meets the requirements of the underwater low illuminance camera. The underwater low illuminance camera is built on the basis of the electronic system and the underwater image is clear, which proves the correctness of the design.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB852.1

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