【摘要】：隨著我國鐵路的高速發(fā)展,鐵路已貫穿城市之中,隨之,以噪聲為主的環(huán)境問題日益嚴重,影響著鐵路兩側居民的正常生活和工作,噪聲污染已引起廣泛關注,因此,為了保障人們正常生活,減少經濟損失,對噪聲進行預測并提出建議,采取相應的保障措施是十分必要的。本論文主要選成渝客專成都樞紐作為研究對象,一方面成都樞紐為成渝客專的重要組成部分,另一方面成都樞紐處在城市規(guī)劃區(qū)域范圍內噪聲敏感點相對較多,為了保證城市社會經濟發(fā)展同時保障城市居民的正常生活,避免樞紐噪聲帶來的經濟損失,在樞紐周邊采取噪聲預測以及采取行之有效的降噪措施對于城市建設和環(huán)境保護意義重大。本論文以成都樞紐作為研究對象,結合我國現行的相關法規(guī)以及技術標準,通過對成都樞紐的實地調研、選取噪聲敏感點、進行噪聲現場實測、采用鐵計函[2006]44號文規(guī)定的模式法基于EIAN噪聲環(huán)評助手軟件進行預測、針對性的提出減少噪聲的措施,實測驗證結果。通過防治措施及建議,改善噪聲對周圍居民生活的影響,保障居民的正常生活。樞紐周邊環(huán)境影響范圍內兩側范圍內共有16處聲環(huán)境敏感點,其中學校4處、醫(yī)院2處、集中居民住宅11處。通過預測近期鐵路邊界處鐵路噪聲預測值晝間為42.0～74.0dBA、夜間為35.5～67.4dBA,晝間超標率為59%、超標量為0～5.4dBA,夜間均達標;預測近期居民區(qū)噪聲晝間為56.0～72.7dBA、超標量0.2～10.6dBA、超標率58%,夜間為49.7～66.1dBA、超標量0.1～14.0dBA、超標率94%;預測近期學校等特殊敏感點噪聲晝間為42.0～75.4dBA、0.0～15.4dBA、超標量為60%,夜間為42.0～68.7dBA、超標量0.0～18.7dBA、超標率35%。針對成都樞紐周邊的的噪聲情況和敏感點特征,通過采取一系列的減緩措施,包括設置聲屏障/隔聲墻、設置綠化林帶、敏感點功能置換或拆遷、建筑隔聲防護(設置隔聲通風窗、隔聲走廊、隔聲陽臺等)、軌道平鋪吸聲板、生態(tài)型聲屏障等。之后,經過運營實測驗證,成渝客專成都樞紐周邊噪聲超標情況得到了有效的控制,成都樞紐敏感點噪聲不論是晝間還是夜間均可達標。綜上,成都樞紐周邊噪聲敏感點預測和研究分析數據表明,針對樞紐采取的減噪措施可以有效的降低噪聲對周邊環(huán)境的影響,同時研究數據表明,本論文研究工作和結果可行的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of railway in our country, the railway has been running through the city, and then, the environmental problem, which is mainly noise, is becoming more and more serious, which affects the normal life and work of the residents on both sides of the railway, and noise pollution has aroused widespread concern. In order to ensure people's normal life and reduce economic losses, it is very necessary to forecast the noise and put forward some suggestions. In this paper, Chengdu Hub is chosen as the research object. On the one hand, Chengdu Hub is an important part of Chengduke Special School; on the other hand, Chengdu Hub is located in the area of urban planning with relatively more noise sensitive points. In order to ensure the social and economic development of the city and ensure the normal life of the urban residents, and to avoid the economic losses caused by the noise of the hub, It is of great significance for urban construction and environmental protection to adopt noise prediction and effective noise reduction measures around the hub. In this paper, Chengdu Hub is taken as the research object, combining with the current relevant laws and regulations and technical standards of our country, through the field investigation of Chengdu Hub, the noise sensitive points are selected, and the noise field measurement is carried out. The mode method of iron-counting letter [2006] 44 is used to predict the problem based on EIAN noise environment assessment assistant software, and the measures to reduce noise are put forward, and the result is verified by actual measurement. Through prevention and control measures and suggestions to improve the impact of noise on the lives of residents around, to ensure the normal life of residents. There are 16 acoustical environmental sensitive spots on both sides of the environmental impact area of the hub, including 4 schools, 2 hospitals and 11 residential buildings. The forecast value of railway noise at the railway boundary in the near future is 42.0 / 74.0 dBA in daylight and 35.5V / 67.4dBAin night. The daytime excess rate is 59 and the superscalation amount is 05.4dBA. it is up to the standard at night. It is predicted that the noise in recent residential areas will be 56.0 / 72.7 dBAs, 0.2dBAs / 10.6dBAs at night, 49.7dBAs / 66.1dBAs at night, 0.1 / 14.0dBAs / 944dBAs / dBAs, and that the noise of special sensitive points such as schools will be 42.075.4dBA0.015.4 dBAs, 60 dBAs, 60dBAs at night. It is 42.0 ~ 68.7 dBA.The superscalar amount is 0.018. 7dBA.The rate of exceeding the standard is 35. In view of the noise situation and the characteristics of sensitive points around Chengdu Hub, a series of mitigation measures were adopted, including setting up sound barriers / walls, setting up green forest belts, replacing or removing sensitive points function. Construction sound insulation protection (installation of sound ventilation windows, soundproof corridors, soundproof balcony, etc.), track flat sound absorption plate, ecological sound barrier, etc. After the operation test and verification, the noise in the Chengdu hub is effectively controlled, and the noise of the sensitive point in Chengdu hub can reach the standard both in the daytime and at night. In summary, the prediction and analysis data of noise sensitive points around Chengdu Hub show that the noise reduction measures can effectively reduce the impact of noise on the surrounding environment, and the research data show that, The research work and results of this thesis are feasible.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB535

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