【摘要】：當(dāng)今時(shí)代,日益嚴(yán)峻的全球資源短缺危機(jī),控制與節(jié)約能耗越來越受到關(guān)注。我國經(jīng)濟(jì)蓬勃發(fā)展與城市高速建設(shè),增加了建筑能耗在各能源總消耗中的比重。當(dāng)前建筑工作者對(duì)辦公建筑低能耗設(shè)計(jì)的研究較為深入,著眼于新技術(shù)、新能源、新材料等方面,均獲得較為顯著的研究成果。但在目前研究中,針對(duì)嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)既有辦公建筑的低能耗設(shè)計(jì)分析與研究較少。本文即是在這樣的背景下,研究了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)辦公建筑形態(tài)參數(shù)與能耗間的定量關(guān)系。通過對(duì)既有辦公建筑的抽樣調(diào)查,建立嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)多層辦公建筑典型形態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)參數(shù)組,并以此為依據(jù)作為模擬試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ徒⒁罁?jù)。通過對(duì)各形態(tài)要素的模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),得出其與能耗的定量關(guān)系,并總結(jié)出最佳形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)組及各參數(shù)與能耗的多元回歸模型,以探究如何在建筑設(shè)計(jì)階段更為有效地控制建筑能耗。文章首先分析低能耗辦公建筑設(shè)計(jì)現(xiàn)狀與嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)辦公建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)特征,提取辦公建筑能耗相關(guān)形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)影響參數(shù),確立研究方法與框架。選擇嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)代表城市哈爾濱進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)研,采集形態(tài)參數(shù)并進(jìn)行值域分析,得到形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)典型數(shù)據(jù)庫,建立典型模型形態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)組。之后本文采用建筑全能耗模擬軟件energyplus,分別以建筑平面形狀與朝向、建筑體型設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),包括建筑總開間及進(jìn)深長度和建筑高度,以及建筑各朝向窗墻比為變量,以調(diào)研所得典型形態(tài)參數(shù)組為輸入數(shù)據(jù)組,進(jìn)行能耗模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)。運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法,對(duì)所得相應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)度分析及回歸擬合,得出各形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)要素與能耗影響程度及能耗隨各要素的變化趨勢。并得到常用設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)下形態(tài)參數(shù)與能耗的定量關(guān)系式及最佳建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)組,在低能耗辦公建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)方案階段有較為直接的指導(dǎo)意義。最后,對(duì)已有模擬數(shù)據(jù)組進(jìn)行多元線性回歸分析,得到總開間長度、總進(jìn)深長度、建筑高度及各向窗墻比與建筑能耗的多元回歸模型和單層建筑平面面積、建筑長寬比、建筑高度及各向窗墻比與建筑能耗的多元回歸模型,并進(jìn)行敏感度分析,定量各形態(tài)因素與能耗的作用關(guān)系,優(yōu)化低能耗辦公建筑設(shè)計(jì)流程。研究嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)辦公建筑形態(tài)參數(shù)與能耗間的定量關(guān)系,能夠在建筑設(shè)計(jì)階段有效控制建筑能耗,有利于低能耗設(shè)計(jì)工作的進(jìn)行。在設(shè)計(jì)中通過回歸模型及最佳形態(tài)參數(shù)組的應(yīng)用可快速高效的比對(duì)建筑能耗,快速判斷寒地多層辦公建筑節(jié)能效果,并及時(shí)修改形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),以得到最佳設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more attention has been paid to controlling and saving energy consumption because of the increasingly severe crisis of global resource shortage. China's booming economy and high-speed urban construction have increased the proportion of building energy consumption in the total energy consumption. At present, the architects' research on low energy consumption design of office building is more in-depth, focusing on new technology, new energy, new materials and other aspects, has obtained more remarkable research results. However, in the present research, the low energy consumption design analysis and research of the existing office buildings in the severe cold area are few. In this paper, the quantitative relationship between the shape parameters of office buildings and energy consumption is studied. Based on the sampling investigation of existing office buildings, the data set of typical forms of multi-storey office buildings in severe cold area is set up, which is used as the basis for the establishment of simulation test model. Through the simulation experiment of each form element, the quantitative relation between each form factor and energy consumption is obtained, and the optimum shape design parameter group and the multiple regression model between each parameter and energy consumption are summarized. In order to explore how to control building energy consumption more effectively in the architectural design phase. Firstly, this paper analyzes the present situation of low energy consumption office building design and the characteristics of office building form design in severe cold area, extracts the influence parameters of office building energy consumption related form design, and establishes the research method and frame. The representative city of Harbin in severe cold area was selected for field investigation, morphological parameters were collected and range analysis was carried out, the typical database of morphological design parameters was obtained, and the morphological data set of typical models was set up. After that, the whole energy consumption simulation software energyplus, is used to take the shape and orientation of the building, the design parameters of the building shape, including the total length and depth of the building, the height of the building, and the ratio of each facing window to the wall of the building as variables. The energy consumption simulation experiment was carried out with the typical morphological parameter group as input data group. By using the statistical analysis method, the correlation analysis and regression fitting are carried out to get the influence degree of each shape design factor and energy consumption, and the trend of energy consumption change with each factor. The quantitative relationship between shape parameter and energy consumption under common design parameters and the optimum design parameters group of building form are obtained, which has direct guiding significance in the phase of form design scheme of low energy consumption office building. Finally, the multiple linear regression analysis of the existing simulated data sets is carried out, and the multiple regression models of the total open space length, the total depth length, the building height and the ratio of each window to wall and the building energy consumption are obtained, and the single floor area and the ratio of building length to width are obtained. The multiple regression model of building height, ratio of window to wall and building energy consumption is presented. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to quantify the relationship between energy consumption and shape factors, and the design process of low energy consumption office buildings is optimized. To study the quantitative relationship between the shape parameters and energy consumption of office buildings in severe cold areas can effectively control the energy consumption of buildings in the stage of building design, which is beneficial to the design of low energy consumption. The application of regression model and optimum shape parameter group in the design can quickly and efficiently compare the energy consumption of buildings, quickly judge the energy saving effect of multi-storey office buildings in cold areas, and modify the shape design data in time to obtain the best design results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU201.5;TU243

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本文編號(hào)：2438938