【摘要】：近海風(fēng)機(jī)處于復(fù)雜的海洋環(huán)境，對地理位置和地質(zhì)條件都有相當(dāng)嚴(yán)格的要求。從海上風(fēng)電場設(shè)計(jì)、建設(shè)、安裝、運(yùn)行、維護(hù)等全壽命周期看，風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)的穩(wěn)定性、耐久性對風(fēng)機(jī)整個的工作起著至關(guān)重要的作用。風(fēng)機(jī)受多種荷載共同作用，且有較為突出的周期性，對風(fēng)機(jī)的耐疲勞設(shè)計(jì)要求高；在強(qiáng)風(fēng)浪共同作用下，引起結(jié)構(gòu)自身的振動，容易引發(fā)共振等振動破壞。鑒于此，本文以教育部博士點(diǎn)基金項(xiàng)目(20125522110004)和重慶市自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(cstc2013jjB3002)為依托，采用理論分析和數(shù)值模擬等手段，進(jìn)行多荷載耦合作用下近海風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)的疲勞分析。主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下： 1)運(yùn)用隨機(jī)過程來描述海浪過程，分析對比常用的幾種海浪譜，采用P-M譜作為本文的海浪譜，并結(jié)合Morison方程計(jì)算得到波浪力譜；采用風(fēng)速譜來對風(fēng)荷載進(jìn)行模擬；采用海上風(fēng)機(jī)的制造廠商提供的風(fēng)機(jī)運(yùn)行荷載。為荷載耦合作用下的近海風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)的疲勞分析提供荷載數(shù)據(jù)。 2)從荷載形式、地質(zhì)條件、入土深度、土變形幾個適用條件，對比目前常用的橫向荷載作用下的樁-土作用模擬方法，選擇P-y曲線法來模擬樁-土相互作用。根據(jù)P-y曲線的計(jì)算方法，針對本文研究的濱海海域地質(zhì)條件，計(jì)算得到近海風(fēng)機(jī)樁基礎(chǔ)周圍各土層的P-y曲線圖。 3)根據(jù)前面計(jì)算的P-y曲線的地質(zhì)資料，建立海上風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的樁-土作用的力學(xué)模型。確定ANSYS有限元軟件中模擬近海風(fēng)機(jī)三樁式基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的模擬單元，建立近海風(fēng)機(jī)三樁式基礎(chǔ)的有限元模型，并進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析，分析得到三樁式基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的自振特性。 4)在近海風(fēng)機(jī)三樁式基礎(chǔ)有限元模型上，運(yùn)用熱點(diǎn)應(yīng)力法，，計(jì)算關(guān)鍵區(qū)域的應(yīng)力幅。運(yùn)用線性累積損傷理論的Miner準(zhǔn)則和S-N曲線法相結(jié)合的方法，分別計(jì)算極端工況和正常運(yùn)行工況下的疲勞損傷； 5)對比分析不同工況下的近海風(fēng)機(jī)三樁基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)疲勞損傷情況，找到危險工況；對比不同關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)的疲勞損傷值，找到近海風(fēng)機(jī)三樁基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)疲勞損傷最嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域；基于線性疲勞累積損傷理論對近海風(fēng)機(jī)三樁基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行疲勞壽命預(yù)測。
[Abstract]:Offshore fan is in complex marine environment and has strict requirements for geographical location and geological conditions. Judging from the whole life cycle of offshore wind farm design, construction, installation, operation and maintenance, the stability and durability of the fan foundation play an important role in the whole work of the fan. The fan is subjected to various loads and has prominent periodicity, which requires high fatigue resistance design. Under the combined action of strong wind and waves, it causes vibration of the structure itself and easily causes vibration damage such as resonance. In view of this, based on the Ph. D. Program of the Ministry of Education (20125522110004) and the key project of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (cstc2013jjB3002), this paper adopts theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Fatigue analysis of offshore fan foundation under multi-load coupling is carried out. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) the wave force spectrum is obtained by using the stochastic process to describe the wave process, analyzing and contrasting several commonly used wave spectra, using P-M spectrum as the wave spectrum of this paper, and combining with the Morison equation. Wind speed spectrum is used to simulate wind load, and the fan load provided by the manufacturer of offshore fan is used. It provides load data for fatigue analysis of offshore fan foundation under load coupling. 2) according to the applicable conditions of load form, geological condition, soil depth and soil deformation, the pile-soil interaction is simulated by P-y curve method. According to the calculation method of P-y curve, according to the geological conditions of coastal area studied in this paper, the P-y curve of each soil layer around the foundation of offshore fan pile is calculated. 3) according to the geological data of P-y curve, the mechanical model of pile-soil interaction of offshore fan foundation structure is established. The simulation unit of the offshore fan three-pile foundation in ANSYS software is determined, the finite element model of the offshore fan three-pile foundation is established, and the modal analysis is carried out, and the natural vibration characteristics of the three-pile foundation structure are analyzed. 4) based on the finite element model of offshore fan three-pile foundation, the stress amplitude of key area is calculated by using hot spot stress method. The Miner criterion of linear cumulative damage theory and S-N curve method are used to calculate the fatigue damage under extreme and normal operating conditions respectively. 5) comparing and analyzing the fatigue damage of offshore fan three piles foundation structure under different working conditions, finding out the dangerous condition, comparing the fatigue damage value of different key points, finding the area where the fatigue damage of offshore fan three piles foundation structure is the most serious. Based on the theory of linear fatigue cumulative damage, the fatigue life of offshore fan pile foundation is predicted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU473.1

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