【摘要】：混凝土泵車是集混凝土泵送、輸送、布料及澆注于一體的建筑機(jī)械，是現(xiàn)代基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)領(lǐng)域中不可或缺的工程機(jī)械之一。臂架系統(tǒng)作為混凝土泵車的核心組成部分，是評(píng)價(jià)泵車整車性能的主要考察目標(biāo)。隨著泵車向長臂架、大排量、低能耗、高性能方向發(fā)展，臂架系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)分析研究已成為混凝土泵車減振研究中一個(gè)非常重要的研究方向和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。相關(guān)混凝土泵車臂架系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)方面的研究已涵蓋了臂架結(jié)構(gòu)新材料的開發(fā)、臂架系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真研究、有限元參數(shù)化分析設(shè)計(jì)、智能協(xié)調(diào)控制等方面。 本文在結(jié)合國內(nèi)外臂架系統(tǒng)有關(guān)振動(dòng)方面研究的基礎(chǔ)之上，從分析、優(yōu)化臂架結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)態(tài)特性出發(fā)，以某型45m混凝土泵車作為研究對(duì)象，結(jié)合CAE技術(shù)，運(yùn)用Pro/E、HyperMesh、Ansys等軟件，對(duì)臂架全伸水平工況進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)性能分析優(yōu)化及減振研究。主要研究工作和研究成果如下： ①在查閱了大量有關(guān)臂架系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)研究的文獻(xiàn)之后，詳細(xì)闡述了混凝土泵車國內(nèi)外發(fā)展概況、發(fā)展趨勢(shì)、相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀及本課題的主要研究內(nèi)容和意義。 ②建立了混凝土泵車臂架系統(tǒng)的有限元模型，并根據(jù)其泵送作業(yè)的邊界條件和工作載荷，進(jìn)行了臂架結(jié)構(gòu)靜強(qiáng)度分析。基于靜強(qiáng)度分析結(jié)果，通過分析臂架系統(tǒng)應(yīng)力分布圖，獲得了臂架系統(tǒng)各節(jié)臂、部件的危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域及臂架在該工況下的應(yīng)力分布、變形情況，探討了產(chǎn)生局部應(yīng)力集中的原因及解決辦法，為臂架系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)改型、優(yōu)化及后續(xù)章節(jié)的臂架系統(tǒng)減振研究提供了數(shù)據(jù)參考。 ③基于動(dòng)力學(xué)模態(tài)分析基本理論，對(duì)泵車臂架系統(tǒng)全伸水平工況進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析，，掌握了該工況下臂架系統(tǒng)的固有頻率分布范圍及各節(jié)臂的振動(dòng)情況，為臂架系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)態(tài)特性優(yōu)化研究打下基礎(chǔ)。 ④基于臂架系統(tǒng)的靜力學(xué)、動(dòng)力學(xué)分析結(jié)果，以提高臂架結(jié)構(gòu)低階固有頻率、減小臂架系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)為目的，通過修改臂架系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)性能參數(shù)，擬定多個(gè)臂板厚度修改方案，通過有限元軟件對(duì)該工況下臂架系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行振動(dòng)分析，以臂架末端觀測(cè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的位移、速度、加速度的時(shí)間歷程變化為評(píng)價(jià)依據(jù)，就是否達(dá)到減振目的等問題比較出最佳方案，探尋改變結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)減振的規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Concrete pump car is a kind of construction machinery which integrates concrete pumping, conveying, distributing and pouring. It is one of the indispensable construction machinery in the field of modern infrastructure construction. As the core part of concrete pump vehicle, boom system is the main objective to evaluate the performance of pump vehicle. With the development of pump vehicle towards long boom, large displacement, low energy consumption and high performance, the vibration analysis of boom system has become a very important research direction and development trend in the research of concrete pump vehicle vibration reduction. The research on the vibration of the boom system of the concrete pump vehicle has covered the development of new materials for the boom structure, the dynamic simulation of the boom system, the finite element parameterized analysis and design, the intelligent coordinated control and so on. In this paper, based on the research on vibration of boom system at home and abroad, based on the analysis and optimization of the dynamic characteristics of boom structure, taking a 45m concrete pump car as the research object, combining with CAE technology, using Pro/E,HyperMesh, The dynamic performance analysis, optimization and vibration reduction of the full extension level of the boom are carried out by Ansys and other softwares. The main research work and research results are as follows: 1 after consulting a large number of literature on the vibration research of boom system, the development situation and development trend of concrete pump car at home and abroad are described in detail. Related research status and the main research content and significance of this subject. (2) the finite element model of the boom system of concrete pump vehicle is established, and the static strength analysis of the boom structure is carried out according to the boundary conditions and working load of the pumping system. Based on the results of static strength analysis, the stress distribution and deformation of the boom system are obtained by analyzing the stress distribution diagram of the boom system, and the dangerous area of the arm and components, and the stress distribution and deformation of the boom under the same working condition. The causes and solutions of local stress concentration are discussed, which provides a data reference for the structural modification, optimization and vibration reduction of the boom system in the following chapters. (3) based on the basic theory of dynamic modal analysis, modal analysis is carried out on the full extension horizontal condition of the boom system of the pump car, and the natural frequency distribution range of the boom system and the vibration of each joint arm are grasped under this condition. It lays a foundation for the optimization of the structural dynamic characteristics of the boom system. (4) based on the static and dynamic analysis results of the boom system, in order to improve the low order natural frequency of the boom structure and reduce the vibration of the boom system, through modifying the vibration performance parameters of the boom system, the modification scheme of the thickness of the multi-arm plate is drawn up. The vibration of the boom system under this condition is analyzed by the finite element software. Based on the change of displacement, velocity and acceleration of the joints observed at the end of the boom, the optimal scheme is compared on whether to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction or not. To explore the law of vibration reduction by changing the structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU646

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