【摘要】：地下水是我國居民生活用水、工業(yè)用水的重要水源。由于水污染未得到有效控制,一些地區(qū)的地下水已經(jīng)受到不同程度的污染,導(dǎo)致氨氮及CODMn超標(biāo),加之原生的鐵和錳,形成復(fù)合型微污染地下水,其中各污染物的去除相互影響,大大增加了地下水處理的難度。因此,同時去除地下水中鐵、錳、氨氮和CODMn,已經(jīng)成為飲用水處理的一個重要課題。本次試驗研究通過對新型優(yōu)勢菌劑微生物的低溫馴化,改良以往微生物在低溫條件下生長緩慢和生物活性低的狀態(tài),提高微生物的低溫耐受力和生物酶活性來提高氧化效果,并采用地下水除鐵除錳常用跌水曝氣-陶粒吸附處理工藝,通過對接種低溫馴化優(yōu)勢菌劑,強化濾池凈化功能,達到有效處理復(fù)合型微污染地下水的目的。研究內(nèi)容包括三部分：一,優(yōu)勢菌劑低溫馴化試驗；二,響應(yīng)曲面法確定馴化后優(yōu)勢菌劑最佳生長條件；三,低溫馴化后優(yōu)勢菌種處理地下水現(xiàn)場中試。菌種來源為經(jīng)分離鑒定后具有一定除鐵錳、氨氮能力的8株細(xì)菌,在提純常溫馴化后,選取5株進行復(fù)配試驗,按照一定比例制備成優(yōu)勢菌劑,針對北方地區(qū)(沈陽為主)地下水水質(zhì)特點進行低溫馴化,使其在環(huán)境條件下達到預(yù)期處理效果通過對優(yōu)勢菌劑進行一個月的低溫馴化試驗,馴化后10℃條件下菌劑生長周期明顯延長,相比馴化前30℃條件下生長周期明顯延長,相比馴化前10℃條件下生長周期明顯縮短,很大程度上提高低溫馴化后菌劑整體的低溫耐受力和氧化性,盡管對比原菌劑常溫條件下氧化效果略有不足,但相比馴化前同樣溫度下的氧化效果明顯提高。響應(yīng)曲面法是一種實驗條件尋優(yōu)的方法,通過試驗點設(shè)計結(jié)果分析軟件生成的回歸擬合和響應(yīng)曲面、等高線,方便地求出對應(yīng)的各因素水平的響應(yīng)值。由響應(yīng)曲面法設(shè)計試驗點實驗結(jié)果分析,回歸方程描述各因子與響應(yīng)值去除率之間的非線性方程關(guān)系是顯著的。通過響應(yīng)曲面法確定優(yōu)勢菌劑的最佳除錳、氨氮條件,所得結(jié)果均在試驗設(shè)計中試驗點去除率范圍內(nèi),實際相似度較高,具有較高的參考價值。采用低溫馴化優(yōu)勢菌劑的最佳生長條件,控制曝氣量和濾速將菌種接種至水廠現(xiàn)場中試(曝氣—過濾工藝)的濾罐中。經(jīng)過調(diào)整期、固定化時期以及穩(wěn)定期的檢測,試驗結(jié)果表明,跌水曝氣-陶粒吸附工藝常規(guī)處理通過自然接觸氧化和物理吸附能夠完成對總鐵和有機物的有效去除。超標(biāo)嚴(yán)重的總錳依靠自然接觸氧化和物理吸附完成對總錳的有效去除；而濾速變化并不能保證出水氨氮穩(wěn)定達標(biāo)。在投加馴化后的優(yōu)勢菌劑后,經(jīng)過45天的固定化試驗和55天的穩(wěn)定期運行檢測發(fā)現(xiàn),在投加經(jīng)低溫馴化的優(yōu)勢菌劑后,濾料成熟后穩(wěn)定期運行階段,通過自然氧化和生物降解作用,能夠保證在中等濾速下(2.5m/h)完成對總錳和氨氮的有效去除,保證出水穩(wěn)定達標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Groundwater is an important source of water for domestic and industrial use. Since water pollution has not been effectively controlled, groundwater in some areas has been polluted to varying degrees, resulting in ammonia nitrogen and CODMn exceeding the standard, combined with primary iron and manganese, which form a complex micro-polluted groundwater, in which the removal of pollutants affects each other. It greatly increases the difficulty of groundwater treatment. Therefore, simultaneous removal of iron, manganese, ammonia nitrogen and CODMn, from groundwater has become an important issue in drinking water treatment. In this experiment, the low temperature acclimation of the new dominant microorganism was carried out to improve the oxidation effect by improving the slow growth and low bioactivity of the former microbes under the low temperature condition, and increasing the low temperature tolerance and the biological enzyme activity of the microorganism. In this paper, the technology of aeration and ceramsite adsorption is used to remove iron and manganese from groundwater. By inoculating the dominant bacteria at low temperature and strengthening the purifying function of filter, the purpose of treating compound micro-polluted groundwater effectively is achieved. The research contents include three parts: first, the low temperature acclimation test of dominant bacteria; second, the response surface method to determine the optimal growth conditions of dominant bacteria after acclimation; third, the field pilot test of treatment of groundwater with dominant bacteria after low temperature acclimation. After purification and domestication at room temperature, 5 strains of bacteria were selected for compound test, and the dominant bacteria were prepared according to a certain proportion, after purification and domestication, the bacteria were isolated and identified as 8 strains of bacteria with the ability of iron and manganese removal and ammonia nitrogen removal. According to the characteristics of groundwater quality in northern area (Shenyang), the groundwater quality was acclimated at low temperature, and the expected treatment effect was achieved under the environmental conditions. A one-month low temperature acclimation test was carried out on the dominant bacteria agent. After acclimation, the growth cycle was prolonged at 10 鈩，

本文編號：2304352