本文選題：冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目 + 綠色建造技術(shù)�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：目前，我國的環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為亟待解決的問題。治理環(huán)境污染問題不僅僅體現(xiàn)在對已經(jīng)污染的環(huán)境進(jìn)行改造，還體現(xiàn)在采用節(jié)能減排技術(shù)減少生產(chǎn)過程中的污染物排放。建筑施工行業(yè)一直以來都是采用粗放式生產(chǎn)模式，這種生產(chǎn)模式是以高能耗、高污染與犧牲環(huán)境作為代價，在建筑施工行業(yè)推行綠色建造技術(shù)是解決這一問題的有效手段。 建筑施工企業(yè)為了在激烈的市場競爭中取得優(yōu)勢，不惜以極低的價格競標(biāo)，這就導(dǎo)致建筑施工企業(yè)的利潤微薄。利潤是企業(yè)的生存之本，技術(shù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)相結(jié)合是成本控制的最有效方法，，只有控制好施工成本，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)施工企業(yè)的利潤。采用綠色建造技術(shù)與加強(qiáng)成本風(fēng)險管理是實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)利潤的最佳組合。它不僅符合企業(yè)的利潤目標(biāo)，而且符合國家當(dāng)前的具體形勢與政策。由于鋼鐵生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的萎靡，大規(guī)模的新建及擴(kuò)建鋼廠的情況已經(jīng)很少，冶金建筑行業(yè)的競爭比其他建筑領(lǐng)域的競爭更加激烈。由于冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的特殊性，使得其不能運(yùn)用傳統(tǒng)的預(yù)算模式對工程成本進(jìn)行計(jì)價，進(jìn)而對成本進(jìn)行有計(jì)劃的控制，這就導(dǎo)致冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的成本風(fēng)險遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于民用與商業(yè)建筑等領(lǐng)域的成本風(fēng)險。本文結(jié)合冶金建筑領(lǐng)域冷軋薄板項(xiàng)目的案例，闡述綠色建造技術(shù)與成本風(fēng)險管理在冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目中的具體應(yīng)用。其主要研究內(nèi)容闡述如下。 （1）把綠色建造技術(shù)與成本風(fēng)險的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析研究，澄清了采用綠色建造技術(shù)會增加施工成本的認(rèn)識誤區(qū)，指出采用適當(dāng)?shù)木G色建造技術(shù)可以節(jié)約工程成本，提出加強(qiáng)成本風(fēng)險管理，節(jié)約施工成本從某種意義上來說即是推行綠色建造技術(shù)； （2）在整理與分析冷軋薄板項(xiàng)目傳統(tǒng)建造技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，介紹了冷軋薄板項(xiàng)目的綠色建造工藝；結(jié)合冷軋薄板項(xiàng)目工程案例，介紹綠色建造工藝的實(shí)際應(yīng)用； （3）研究了冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的管理模式、費(fèi)用構(gòu)成及計(jì)價模式，指出傳統(tǒng)的造價管理模式與預(yù)算計(jì)價方法不適合冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目，提出采用偏最小二乘回歸分析（PLS1）法對冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的歷史成本資料進(jìn)行回歸分析，從而形成較為精確的計(jì)價結(jié)果，結(jié)合冷軋薄板項(xiàng)目案例介紹了偏最小二乘回歸分析方法的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，然后運(yùn)用MATLAB/SIMULINK對冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的計(jì)價結(jié)果進(jìn)行風(fēng)險仿真模擬，形成基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的成本風(fēng)險估價模型，建立基于博弈論的成本報(bào)價策略模型； （4）由于冶金建設(shè)項(xiàng)目工藝的復(fù)雜性和特殊性，造成其工程成本在工程建設(shè)過程中會有較大的變化，提出應(yīng)該在冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)過程中建立成本風(fēng)險預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，介紹了適合冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目成本風(fēng)險預(yù)警的設(shè)計(jì)思路、成本風(fēng)險影響指標(biāo)體系，建立了冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的成本風(fēng)險預(yù)警模型；結(jié)合冷軋薄板項(xiàng)目的具體案例對風(fēng)險預(yù)警系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析； （5）由于冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目成本目標(biāo)及其約束要素具有在一定范圍內(nèi)的可變性，可以運(yùn)用F線性規(guī)劃對施工成本進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，并運(yùn)用F線性規(guī)劃原理對施工成本對進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究，最后通過分析影響成本的因素之間的因果關(guān)系，建立基于系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)的成本控制模型。 通過對冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目中具有代表性的冷軋薄板項(xiàng)目綠色建造技術(shù)及成本風(fēng)險管理進(jìn)行理論與實(shí)證研究，提出適合冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目的成本風(fēng)險管理思路與模式，倡導(dǎo)在冶金工業(yè)項(xiàng)目推行綠色建造技術(shù)，以達(dá)到相應(yīng)國家政策與實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)利潤的目的。
[Abstract]:At present , our country ' s environmental pollution has become a problem to be solved urgently . The problem of environmental pollution is not only the transformation of the environment which has been polluted , but also the emission of pollutants in the production process by adopting the technology of energy saving and emission reduction . The construction industry has always adopted the rough production mode , which is the effective means to solve this problem at the cost of high energy consumption , high pollution and sacrifice environment . The green construction technology in the construction industry is an effective means to solve this problem .

In order to gain the advantage in the fierce market competition , the construction enterprises are not willing to bid at very low price , which leads to the profit of construction enterprises . The profit is the most effective method of cost control .

( 1 ) The relationship between green construction technology and cost risk is analyzed and studied . It is clarified that the green construction technology can increase the construction cost . It is pointed out that using proper green construction technology can save the project cost , raise cost risk management , and save the construction cost , which is to carry out green construction technology in a sense .


( 2 ) On the basis of arranging and analyzing the traditional construction technology of cold - rolled sheet project , the green building technology of cold - rolled sheet project is introduced .
Combined with the case of cold - rolled sheet project , the practical application of green building process is introduced .


( 3 ) The management mode , cost structure and valuation model of metallurgical industry project are studied . It is pointed out that the traditional cost management mode and budget pricing method are not suitable for metallurgical industry project .


( 4 ) Due to the complexity and particularity of the process of metallurgical construction projects , the cost of engineering is greatly changed during the construction process . It is suggested that the cost risk early warning system should be established in the construction process of metallurgical industry projects , and the design thinking , cost risk impact indicator system suitable for the project cost risk early warning of metallurgical industry is introduced , and the cost risk early warning model of metallurgical industry project is established ;
Based on the concrete case of cold - rolled sheet project , an empirical analysis of risk early warning system is carried out .


( 5 ) Since the cost objective of metallurgical industry project and its constraint element have variability within a certain range , the construction cost can be optimized by using the F linear programming , and the construction cost is studied by using the F linear programming principle . Finally , the cost control model based on the system dynamics is established by analyzing the causal relationship between the factors influencing the cost .

Based on the theory and demonstration research on the green construction technology and cost risk management of cold - rolled sheet project in metallurgical industry project , this paper puts forward the idea and model of cost risk management suitable for metallurgical industry project , and advocates the implementation of green construction technology in metallurgical industry project to achieve the aim of corresponding national policy and the realization of enterprise profit .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU745.7;TU723.3

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