本文選題：LEED-NC + 評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：十幾年來(lái),美國(guó)新建建筑綠色評(píng)價(jià)體系LEED-NC (Leadership in Energy and Environmantal Design for New Construction and Major Renovation)取得了巨大的市場(chǎng)成功。在我國(guó),越來(lái)越多的項(xiàng)目也已經(jīng)獲得或正在申報(bào)該認(rèn)證。同時(shí),LEED-NC評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)我國(guó)綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建設(shè)也存在明顯影響。深入研究LEED-NC,尤其是評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)和評(píng)價(jià)權(quán)重,對(duì)我國(guó)綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的完善具有參考意義。 本文首先從評(píng)價(jià)體系構(gòu)成、運(yùn)營(yíng)管理和政府扶持角度,對(duì)LEED及LEED-NC進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理；從項(xiàng)目數(shù)量、總建筑面積、年度增長(zhǎng)和地區(qū)分布的角度出發(fā),對(duì)LEED及LEED-NC在全球市場(chǎng)、美國(guó)市場(chǎng)、海外市場(chǎng)和中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了相關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)。 在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外典型評(píng)價(jià)體系調(diào)研基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)分析了LEED-NC在評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)和權(quán)重兩方面與其它評(píng)價(jià)體系的異同,指出LEED-NC對(duì)我國(guó)綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建設(shè)產(chǎn)生的影響。結(jié)合我國(guó)綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中存在的問(wèn)題,闡明研究目的與意義。 論文分別從評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)內(nèi)容層面和評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)技術(shù)層面出發(fā),對(duì)LEED-NC評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行深入研究。在指標(biāo)內(nèi)容層面,論文以LEED-NC2009和LEED-NC4.0為對(duì)象進(jìn)行了對(duì)比研究,提出LEED-NC在評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)內(nèi)容上的變化趨勢(shì),包括：注重整合設(shè)計(jì)、強(qiáng)化建筑節(jié)能、強(qiáng)化建筑節(jié)水、重視性能計(jì)量、引入全生命周期的思想和方法、提高評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)效性、注重評(píng)價(jià)的社會(huì)性、以及引入新的評(píng)價(jià)方法,以期對(duì)我國(guó)綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的修訂起到借鑒作用。 在指標(biāo)技術(shù)層面,論文以LEED-NC2009認(rèn)證項(xiàng)目得分表為對(duì)象,運(yùn)用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的三個(gè)技術(shù)屬性——敏感性、相關(guān)性、互償性進(jìn)行分析,解釋了相關(guān)成因,并提出相應(yīng)解決辦法；并對(duì)中美兩國(guó)項(xiàng)目在指標(biāo)敏感性方面的差異進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,解釋了產(chǎn)生差異的原因。該方法對(duì)我國(guó)綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)修訂中評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的遴選具有參考價(jià)值。 同時(shí),論文分析了LEED-NC2009和LEED-NC4.0的權(quán)重制定思想、方法和步驟,提出了LEED-NC權(quán)重制定的總體特征：頂層元素控制下的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)、從環(huán)境驅(qū)動(dòng)向目標(biāo)驅(qū)動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換、多變量層次控制、動(dòng)態(tài)權(quán)重的可能性,以及LCA方法在定權(quán)過(guò)程中的應(yīng)用。在借鑒LEED-NC權(quán)重制定方法的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)山東省綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的權(quán)重進(jìn)行了試訂,將無(wú)權(quán)重的評(píng)價(jià)體系改造為有權(quán)重的打分評(píng)價(jià)體系。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, LEED-NC leadership in Energy and Environmantal Design for New Construction and Major renewal, a green evaluation system for new buildings in the United States, has achieved great success in the market. In our country, more and more projects have also obtained or are declaring the certification. At the same time, LEED-NC evaluation also has obvious influence on the construction of green building evaluation standard in China. The further study of LEED-NC, especially the evaluation index and evaluation weight, has reference significance for the improvement of the evaluation standard of green building in China. Firstly, this paper systematically combs LEED and LEED-NC from the angle of evaluation system composition, operation management and government support, and from the angle of project quantity, total construction area, annual growth and regional distribution, analyzes LEED and LEED-NC in the global market, American market. The overseas market and the Chinese market development present situation has carried on the correlation statistics. Based on the investigation of typical evaluation systems at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between LEED-NC and other evaluation systems in terms of evaluation index and weight, and points out the influence of LEED-NC on the construction of evaluation standards for green buildings in China. Combined with the problems existing in the evaluation standard of green building in China, the purpose and significance of the research are expounded. From the aspect of evaluation index content and evaluation index technology, this paper makes a deep research on LEED-NC evaluation index. At the index content level, the paper takes LEED-NC2009 and LEED-NC4.0 as the object to carry on the contrast research, proposes the LEED-NC in the evaluation index content change tendency, including: pays attention to the conformity design, strengthens the building energy saving, strengthens the building water saving, attaches importance to the performance measurement. This paper introduces the thought and method of whole life cycle to improve the effectiveness of evaluation, to pay attention to the sociality of evaluation and to introduce new evaluation method, in order to make reference to the revision of evaluation standard of green building in our country. At the technical level of the index, the paper takes the score table of LEED-NC2009 certification project as the object, applies the mathematical statistics method, analyzes the three technical attributes of the evaluation index-sensitivity, relativity and mutual compensation, and explains the relevant causes. The corresponding solutions are put forward, and the differences in index sensitivity between China and the United States are statistically analyzed, and the reasons for the differences are explained. This method has reference value for the selection of evaluation index in the revision of green building evaluation standard in China. At the same time, the paper analyzes the thought, method and step of weight making of LEED-NC2009 and LEED-NC4.0, and puts forward the overall characteristics of LEED-NC weight establishment: the network structure under the control of top-level elements, the transformation from environment driving to goal driving, multivariable hierarchical control, and so on. The possibility of dynamic weight and the application of LCA method in weight determination. On the basis of drawing lessons from the method of LEED-NC weight formulation, the weight of evaluation standard of green building in Shandong Province is tentatively determined, and the evaluation system without weight is transformed into a scoring evaluation system with weight.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU201.5

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