本文選題：蘆山縣城 + 行為特征�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：地震災害不可控性、瞬時毀滅性強、次生災害多樣,致使其帶來的破壞巨大。尤其山地小城鎮(zhèn),地震災害頻發(fā)、自然條件特殊、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平低等原因使其受地震的影響更大,但建立室外完善的避難場所能極大減少災害損失。5.12汶川地震巨大損失使得各大城市重視避難場所建設,但山地小城鎮(zhèn)相關研究還較為缺乏。因此本文選取雅安蘆山縣城室外應急避難場所為研究對象,旨在通過其設計策略的研究來指導其災后重建室外應急避難場所的建設。人的避震行為特征會直接影響避難場所的選擇和使用效率,因此本文以行為特征為主線展開對室外應急避難場所設計策略的研究。從自然條件、空間布局、基礎建設、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展等六方面總結出蘆山縣城防災避難的特殊性,基于實地調(diào)研和訪談分析總結得出蘆山縣城室外應急避難場所選址無序且安全系數(shù)低、規(guī)模小且服務半徑小、生活空間緊缺且配套設施缺乏、未進行有序開發(fā)建設四大現(xiàn)狀特點。通過借鑒國內(nèi)外成熟的應急避難場所的研究成果和蘆山縣城自身的特點,提出符合蘆山縣城自身特點的室外應急避難場所四大構成系統(tǒng)。通過對蘆山縣城居民問卷調(diào)查、訪談及實地走訪調(diào)研總結出縣城居民在4.20地震震時、震后緊急避難、震后中長期避難三個時段的行為特征,進而推出蘆山縣城居民對地震災害避難的功能需求。再基于居民的避難行為特征分析室外應急避難場所五大構成系統(tǒng)的問題,基于縣城居民避難行為特征提出避難場所的五大設計原則,分別是:安全可達原則、大眾化原則、小區(qū)域防災原則、分級布置原則和平災結合原則。最后基于設計原則和各大系統(tǒng)的問題從宏觀方面場地選址和空間布局,微觀方面避難場所四大構成系統(tǒng)分別提出相應的設計策略。本研究從行為特征的視角研究室外應急避難場所設計策略,進一步豐富了環(huán)境行為學理論,具有一定的理論意義。同時對蘆山縣城災后重建室外應急避難場所建設提供實踐指導意義,并且對于西南地區(qū)類似的山地小城鎮(zhèn)應急避難場所建設和研究具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Earthquake disaster is uncontrollable, instantaneous destructive and secondary disasters are various, resulting in great damage.Especially in small mountain towns, earthquake disasters occur frequently, natural conditions are special, and the level of economic development is low, which makes them more affected by earthquakes.However, the establishment of perfect outdoor shelter can greatly reduce the disaster loss. 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake huge losses make the major cities attach importance to the construction of refuge sites, but the mountain towns are still lack of relevant research.So this paper chooses Ya'an Lushan city outdoor emergency shelter as the research object, aims to guide the construction of the outdoor emergency shelter after disaster reconstruction through the study of its design strategy.The characteristics of human shock absorber behavior will directly affect the selection and use efficiency of shelter, so this paper studies the design strategy of outdoor emergency shelter based on behavior characteristics.From the natural conditions, spatial layout, infrastructure construction, economic development and other six aspects summed up the Lushan county city disaster prevention and asylum particularity,Based on field investigation and interview analysis, it is concluded that the location of outdoor emergency shelter in Lushan county is disorderly, low safety factor, small scale and small service radius, short of living space and lack of supporting facilities.Lack of orderly development and construction of the four major characteristics of the current situation.By referring to the research results of mature emergency shelters at home and abroad and the characteristics of Lushan county city, this paper puts forward four systems of outdoor emergency asylum sites which accord with the characteristics of Lushan county cities.Through questionnaire survey, interviews and field visits to the residents of Lushan County, the author summarizes the behavior characteristics of the residents of the county in the three periods of emergency refuge after the earthquake of 4.20, and long-term refuge after the earthquake.And then launched the Lushan County residents of earthquake disaster shelter functional needs.Then based on the characteristics of the residents' asylum behavior, the paper analyzes the five problems of the outdoor emergency shelter system, and puts forward the five design principles of the refuge place based on the characteristics of the county residents' asylum behavior, which are: the principle of safety accessibility, the principle of popularization.The principle of disaster prevention in small area, the principle of grading arrangement and the principle of combining disaster with peace.Finally, based on the design principles and the problems of each large system, the corresponding design strategies are put forward from the macroscopic site selection and spatial layout, and the micro shelter system.This study studies the design strategy of outdoor emergency shelter from the perspective of behavior characteristics, which further enriches the theory of environmental behavior and has certain theoretical significance.At the same time, it provides practical guidance for the reconstruction of outdoor emergency shelter after urban disaster in Lushan County, and has certain reference significance for the construction and research of emergency shelter in small mountain towns in southwest China.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU984.116

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相關碩士學位論文 前2條

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