本文選題：風(fēng)景園林學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：棕地　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：棕地對人體健康與生態(tài)環(huán)境所造成的嚴(yán)重危害已成為全球人居環(huán)境建設(shè)中的熱點(diǎn)問題。中國前所未有的城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程對土地的需求量巨大，城市急劇擴(kuò)張，新區(qū)大量建設(shè)，同時(shí)，生態(tài)紅線與永久基本農(nóng)田的劃定在不斷推進(jìn)，部分大城市發(fā)展邊界即將確定，這些都使大量嚴(yán)重污染的棕地面臨巨大再生壓力的挑戰(zhàn)。開放空間是眾多棕地再生項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)用途，風(fēng)景園林學(xué)以其對物質(zhì)空間、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和社會人文三個(gè)方面的涵蓋，，作為連接多專業(yè)知識的橋梁，在棕地再生實(shí)踐的復(fù)雜過程中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。然而，風(fēng)景園林學(xué)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)還缺乏對于棕地再生的系統(tǒng)性理論研究，中國的棕地再生實(shí)踐更是迫切需要相關(guān)理論的指導(dǎo)。 本研究通過大量的文獻(xiàn)閱讀、實(shí)地調(diào)研、采訪座談、案例分析和中外比較，運(yùn)用跨學(xué)科的綜合融貫方法，挖掘當(dāng)前棕地再生實(shí)踐中的問題及癥結(jié)所在，從風(fēng)景園林學(xué)的角度探索解決之道，意圖從深化認(rèn)知與指導(dǎo)實(shí)踐兩個(gè)方面提供有價(jià)值的研究成果。論文以棕地為研究對象，并嘗試給出定義，繼而剖析棕地再生的特殊性，歸納出其基本項(xiàng)目特征。研究認(rèn)為當(dāng)前棕地再生實(shí)踐中污染治理與空間設(shè)計(jì)相割裂，缺乏從風(fēng)景園林學(xué)角度針對棕地空間形態(tài)的理論體系與方法平臺。論文從棕地本體出發(fā)，首次提出“棕色土方”為棕地的本體核心要素，對場地污染進(jìn)行了空間詮釋，并從地形、水體、植被三個(gè)方面構(gòu)建了以“棕色土方”為基礎(chǔ)的棕地再生風(fēng)景園林學(xué)途徑框架。基于“棕色土方”概念，針對當(dāng)代城市建設(shè)中的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，研究將棕地劃分為工業(yè)與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施閑置地、采礦業(yè)廢棄地和垃圾填埋場三大類，分別論述其棕色土方構(gòu)成及場地特征，提出隔離與修復(fù)兩種“棕色土方”原場治理方式及若干備選治理策略，給出具體的風(fēng)景園林系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建途徑，并以此為視角對多個(gè)國內(nèi)外成功范例進(jìn)行分析解讀。 論文進(jìn)而針對中國特色城鎮(zhèn)化背景下的棕地再生，回顧其發(fā)展歷程，剖析其動因與困境，依據(jù)“棕色土方”治理過程與原場地的關(guān)系，提出“原場策略——五步推進(jìn)法”與“異地策略——全周期治理法”，為解決中國的棕地再生挑戰(zhàn)提供了理論方法與實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的平臺，為系統(tǒng)性的體系建設(shè)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。研究以北京市北神樹衛(wèi)生填埋場封場再生的實(shí)際需求為契機(jī)，將原場策略五步推進(jìn)法在現(xiàn)實(shí)的挑戰(zhàn)之中進(jìn)行應(yīng)用與檢驗(yàn)。具體實(shí)踐需要整體認(rèn)知觀念的指導(dǎo)，論文最后運(yùn)用人居環(huán)境科學(xué)的理論框架，提出棕地再生在五大層次下的行動戰(zhàn)略和人居“五觀”下的再生原則，強(qiáng)調(diào)多學(xué)科融貫研究的重要性，從認(rèn)識論的角度為中國的棕地再生建立坐標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The serious harm caused by brown land to human health and ecological environment has become a hot issue in the construction of global human settlement environment. The demarcation of the ecological red line and the permanent basic farmland is constantly advancing, and the development boundary of some major cities will soon be determined. Open space is the target of many brownfield regeneration projects, and landscape architecture covers three aspects: physical space, ecosystem, and social and humanities. As a bridge of multi-professional knowledge, it plays an important role in the complex process of brown land regeneration. However, there is a lack of systematic theoretical research on brown regeneration in the field of landscape architecture. The practice of brown land regeneration in China is in urgent need of guidance from relevant theories. Through a large number of literature reading, field research, interviews, case analysis and comparison between China and foreign countries, this study uses interdisciplinary comprehensive integration method to dig out the problems and sticking points in the current practice of brown land regeneration. The purpose of this paper is to provide valuable research results from two aspects of deepening cognition and guiding practice from the angle of landscape architecture. This paper takes brown land as the research object and tries to give the definition, and then analyzes the particularity of brown land regeneration. It is concluded that the pollution control is separated from space design in the practice of brown land regeneration, and there is no theoretical system and method platform from the view of landscape architecture for the form of brown land space. It is the first time that "brown earthwork" is the core element of brown soil, which is the space interpretation of site pollution, and from the terrain, water body, Based on the concept of "brown earth square", this paper constructs the framework of brown earth reclamation landscape architecture based on the "brown earth movement", and aims at the practical problems in the contemporary urban construction. The brown land is divided into three categories: industrial and infrastructure idle land, mining waste land and landfills, and the brown earth structure and site characteristics are discussed respectively. This paper puts forward two kinds of "brown earth cubes" original field treatment mode and some alternative management strategies, and gives the concrete way to construct the landscape architecture system, and from this angle of view, analyzes and interprets many successful examples at home and abroad. Aiming at the regeneration of brown land under the background of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, the paper reviews its development course, analyzes its causes and difficulties, and according to the relationship between the governance process of "brown earth" and the original site, This paper puts forward "original field strategy-five-step advance method" and "different land strategy-whole period management method", which provides a platform for theoretical method and practical application to solve the challenge of brown land regeneration in China. It lays the foundation for the systematic system construction. The research takes the actual demand of regeneration in the Beijing Shibei Shensu Sanitary Landfill as a turning point. The five-step advance method of the original field strategy is applied and tested in the realistic challenge. The concrete practice needs the guidance of the whole cognition idea. Finally, the paper uses the theory frame of the human settlement environment science. This paper puts forward the action strategy of brown land regeneration at five levels and the principle of regeneration under the "five views" of human settlements, emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary research on integration, and establishes the coordinates for the regeneration of brown land in China from the perspective of epistemology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU986

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