本文選題：貸款融資 + 悖論��； 參考：《中國海洋大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：信貸資源的配置效率不僅關(guān)乎企業(yè)的存亡與發(fā)展,而且影響到整個社會生產(chǎn)率水平的提高。本文從市場失靈的角度探討我國信貸資金供求的結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡,先后分析了我國企業(yè)貸款融資悖論的現(xiàn)狀、危害、成因和破解對策。本文的研究工作和主要貢獻集中在以下幾個方面： 首先,為了準確地反映我國信貸資源配置的現(xiàn)狀,本文分別從貸款需求、貸款滿足度、貸款方式和貸款成本四個維度對比分析了大型企業(yè)和中小企業(yè)貸款融資的難易程度,揭示我國企業(yè)貸款融資悖論的現(xiàn)狀。 其次,關(guān)于企業(yè)貸款融資悖論的危害,本文分析發(fā)現(xiàn),它不僅嚴重阻礙了中小企業(yè)的健康成長,而且對大型企業(yè)的長期發(fā)展產(chǎn)生消極影響,也是制約金融機構(gòu)信貸業(yè)務持續(xù)增長和國民經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展的重要因素。 第三,信貸交易所運行的市場環(huán)境必然會對交易主體產(chǎn)生深遠的影響,因此本文從金融環(huán)境等角度探索了企業(yè)貸款融資悖論的成因。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中小企業(yè)固有的缺陷,利率市場化程度偏低,資本監(jiān)管約束嚴苛,信用管理制度落后,以及金融機構(gòu)信貸管理制度僵化、產(chǎn)品單一等因素綜合在一起,導致信貸資金供求結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡。 第四,本文實證檢驗了企業(yè)特征與企業(yè)貸款可得性和貸款成本的關(guān)系。分析結(jié)果表明,國內(nèi)金融機構(gòu)在信貸決策過程中過度重視企業(yè)的規(guī)模和抵押能力,而對企業(yè)由經(jīng)營活動產(chǎn)生的償債能力、盈利能力和發(fā)展能力重視不足。由于金融機構(gòu)對貸款風險定價能力較弱,貸款融資悖論主要反映在不同規(guī)模企業(yè)的貸款可得性差異上,一些企業(yè)即使愿意支付很高的價格也申請不到貸款。 最后,本文提出了悖論的破解對策。貸款融資悖論的形成既有市場環(huán)境的因素,又有市場主體自身的原因。因此其破解需要企業(yè)、金融機構(gòu)和政府部門的共同努力。企業(yè)需要規(guī)范經(jīng)營管理,珍惜信譽,改善自身的融資條件；金融機構(gòu)要轉(zhuǎn)變思想,積極進行信貸管理與服務創(chuàng)新,提高風險識別和定價能力；政府需要監(jiān)管到位,深化金融改革,優(yōu)化貸款融資基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:The allocation efficiency of credit resources is not only related to the survival and development of enterprises, but also to the improvement of the productivity level of the whole society. This paper probes into the structural imbalance of the supply and demand of credit funds in China from the point of view of market failure, and analyzes successively the present situation, harm, causes and countermeasures of the paradox of enterprise loan financing in China. The research work and main contributions of this paper are focused on the following aspects: first, in order to accurately reflect the current situation of credit resources allocation in China, this paper respectively from the loan demand, loan satisfaction, The four dimensions of loan mode and loan cost compare and analyze the difficulty and ease of loan financing between large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises, and reveal the present situation of the paradox of enterprise loan financing in our country. Secondly, on the harm of enterprise loan financing paradox, this paper finds that it not only seriously hinders the healthy growth of small and medium-sized enterprises, but also has a negative impact on the long-term development of large enterprises. It is also an important factor that restricts the sustained growth of credit business of financial institutions and the rapid development of national economy. Third, the market environment of the operation of the credit exchange will inevitably have a far-reaching impact on the main trading body, so this paper explores the causes of the financing paradox of enterprise loans from the perspective of the financial environment. It is found that the inherent defects of small and medium-sized enterprises, the low degree of interest rate marketization, the strict restriction of capital supervision, the backward credit management system, the rigid credit management system of financial institutions and the single product are all combined. Leading to a structural imbalance in the supply and demand of credit funds. Fourthly, this paper empirically examines the relationship between enterprise characteristics, loan availability and loan cost. The results show that domestic financial institutions pay too much attention to the scale and mortgage ability of enterprises in the process of credit decision-making, but pay less attention to the solvency, profitability and development ability of enterprises arising from business activities. Because of the weak pricing ability of financial institutions to loan risk, the paradox of loan financing is mainly reflected in the difference of loan availability of enterprises of different sizes, and some enterprises can not apply for loans even if they are willing to pay a very high price. Finally, this paper puts forward the solution to the paradox. The formation of loan financing paradox is not only due to the market environment, but also to the market subject itself. Therefore, it needs the joint efforts of enterprises, financial institutions and government departments. Enterprises need to standardize management, cherish credibility, improve their own financing conditions; financial institutions should change their thinking, actively carry out credit management and service innovation, improve risk identification and pricing capabilities; the government needs to be in place to supervise, We will deepen financial reform and optimize the basic environment for loan financing.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.4

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