本文關(guān)鍵詞： 開放度 銀行穩(wěn)定性 銀行效率 銀行控制力 金融安全　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)90年代拉美、俄羅斯和中東歐及亞洲陸續(xù)爆發(fā)金融危機(jī)以來,銀行開放、金融危機(jī)和金融安全問題開始逐漸受到人們的關(guān)注和重視,2007年下半年美國爆發(fā)的次貸危機(jī)迅速席卷全球,這些問題再次成為世界各國政府、理論和實(shí)踐工作者研究的熱點(diǎn)。20世紀(jì)70年代末我國打開了經(jīng)濟(jì)改革開放的大門,我國銀行也于1979年隨之開啟了對(duì)外開放的進(jìn)程。三十多年來,我國取消了對(duì)外資銀行經(jīng)營人民幣業(yè)務(wù)的地域、客戶限制和其它非審慎性限制,允許外資銀行對(duì)境內(nèi)所有客戶提供人民幣服務(wù),境內(nèi)外資銀行獲得了長足發(fā)展。外資銀行進(jìn)入是否增強(qiáng)了我國的銀行穩(wěn)定性?是否提升了我國銀行的效率?是否會(huì)造成我國銀行控制力被蠶食?進(jìn)而是否危及我國金融安全?以往的研究存在許多局限性。本文在測(cè)度我國銀行對(duì)外開放度的基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)了外資銀行進(jìn)入對(duì)我國銀行穩(wěn)定性、銀行效率和控制力是否和怎樣產(chǎn)生影響,進(jìn)而,運(yùn)用金融安全綜合評(píng)價(jià)理論模型和新金融安全觀來綜合分析這一系列變化是否會(huì)危及我國金融安全。本文的內(nèi)容可分為五個(gè)部分： 第一部分提出要研究的問題并進(jìn)行相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)綜述,由第一、二章構(gòu)成。第一章主要提出要研究的問題、研究的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義、論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和研究方法、論文的創(chuàng)新與不足。第二章對(duì)相關(guān)研究的理論成果進(jìn)行全面綜述,并指出本文的研究視角,以形成本文研究的邏輯起點(diǎn)。 第二部分是理論分析,由第三章構(gòu)成。在開放經(jīng)濟(jì)下,外資銀行進(jìn)入會(huì)對(duì)東道國的銀行穩(wěn)定、銀行效率和控制力產(chǎn)生顯著影響,進(jìn)而對(duì)東道國的金融安全產(chǎn)生重要影響。本部分從理論上考察了銀行開放對(duì)金融安全的影響及其實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑,并在借鑒機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了一個(gè)理論模型來綜合評(píng)價(jià)外資銀行進(jìn)入對(duì)東道國金融安全的影響,它構(gòu)成本文的基本分析框架。 第三部分是案例和實(shí)證分析,由第四至七章構(gòu)成,是全文的重點(diǎn)和核心。第四章從廣度和深度兩個(gè)層面測(cè)度了我國銀行的對(duì)外開放程度,為其他三章提供背景基礎(chǔ)。第五章運(yùn)用案例分析法考察了20世紀(jì)90年代拉美金融危機(jī)、亞洲金融危機(jī)、俄羅斯及中東歐金融危機(jī)中外資銀行對(duì)東道國銀行穩(wěn)定性的影響,并運(yùn)用Logit模型分析了外資銀行對(duì)東道國銀行穩(wěn)定性的影響。第六章先用財(cái)政部發(fā)布的金融業(yè)效率評(píng)估框架對(duì)我國上市商業(yè)銀行2007年至2012年后銀行開放期中經(jīng)營績(jī)效進(jìn)行外部效率評(píng)價(jià),然后用DEA技術(shù)對(duì)我國商業(yè)銀行的內(nèi)部效率進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià),最后運(yùn)用Tobit模型分析了開放經(jīng)濟(jì)下影響銀行效率的關(guān)鍵因素。第七章運(yùn)用主成分分析法研究了外資銀行進(jìn)入對(duì)我國銀行控制力的影響。 第四部分是綜合評(píng)價(jià),由第八章構(gòu)成。本部分在前文分析的基礎(chǔ)上,通過實(shí)證分析,估算了我國金融安全指數(shù),研究了金融安全指數(shù)的影響因素,運(yùn)用金融安全綜合評(píng)價(jià)理論模型和新金融安全觀來綜合評(píng)價(jià)了后銀行開放期中銀行穩(wěn)定性、銀行效率、銀行控制力對(duì)我國金融安全的影響,并以平安銀行為例作了案例分析。 最后部分對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)并提出了若干對(duì)策建議。 通過研究,本文得到如下一些基本結(jié)論： 第一,總體而言,自銀行全面開放以來,我國銀行對(duì)外開放廣度、深度以及綜合對(duì)外開放度均趨于上升趨勢(shì),銀行對(duì)外開放深度大于對(duì)外開放廣度,具有不對(duì)稱性。 第二,外資銀行進(jìn)入對(duì)東道國銀行穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生了正負(fù)兩種不同的效應(yīng),對(duì)20世紀(jì)90年代以來拉美金融危機(jī)、亞洲金融危機(jī)和俄羅斯與中東歐金融危機(jī)案例分析的結(jié)論表明,外資銀行進(jìn)入對(duì)東道國銀行穩(wěn)定性的影響總體利大于弊；就我國而言,外資銀行進(jìn)入將有利于東道國銀行體系的穩(wěn)定。 第三,本文采用財(cái)政部發(fā)布的金融業(yè)績(jī)效評(píng)估框架對(duì)我國上市商業(yè)銀行2007年至2012年后銀行開放期中經(jīng)營績(jī)效進(jìn)行效率評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明整體上處于“良好”水平,接近“優(yōu)秀”水平。本文還利用DEA技術(shù)對(duì)我國商業(yè)銀行的內(nèi)部效率進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)評(píng)估,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),我國商業(yè)銀行的技術(shù)效率較高,且處于穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài),規(guī)模效率基本保持平穩(wěn),配置效率和成本效率有較大幅度的提升,但改善余地較大。此外,Tobit模型分析發(fā)現(xiàn),影響銀行效率的關(guān)鍵因素是銀行的獲利能力、主營業(yè)務(wù)的活力、增長潛力、資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量和資本充足性等,銀行的規(guī)模和市場(chǎng)份額、國有資本增值能力和撥備覆蓋水平等對(duì)其沒有顯著影響。 第四,我國銀行的控制力呈現(xiàn)不斷上升趨勢(shì),其中,本國銀行發(fā)展?fàn)顩r指標(biāo)對(duì)銀行控制力的影響最大,其次是本國政府對(duì)外資銀行的監(jiān)管力度,最后是外資銀行發(fā)展?fàn)顩r指標(biāo)。本國銀行發(fā)展對(duì)我國控制力的貢獻(xiàn)度在不斷加大,表明我國銀行的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力在對(duì)外開放條件下不斷提高。 第五,金融安全綜合評(píng)價(jià)理論模型分析表明,在后開放期中,銀行對(duì)外開放程度的提高,提升了我國銀行的穩(wěn)定性,增強(qiáng)了銀行的控制力,改善了銀行的效率,從我國銀行穩(wěn)定性、銀行效率及銀行控制力的正效應(yīng)可獲得金融安全的綜合正效應(yīng),即銀行對(duì)外開放促進(jìn)了我國金融安全度的提升。從估算結(jié)果看,我國金融安全指數(shù)在2001年至2011年間總體呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì)；對(duì)金融安全影響因素進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析的結(jié)論顯示,我國銀行穩(wěn)定性、銀行效率和銀行控制力對(duì)金融安全具有正向作用。平安銀行案例分析也得出了相同的結(jié)論。從“新金融安全觀”來看,后開放期中已有證據(jù)均不足以支持國外資本通過控制我國銀行市場(chǎng)來威脅我國金融安全的判斷。
[Abstract]:Since the financial crisis in Latin America , Russia and Central and Eastern Europe and Asia during the 1990s , the opening of banks , financial crisis and financial security have gradually attracted the attention and attention of people . In the second half of the 20th century , China opened the door of economic reform and opening up . The first part presents the problems to be studied and the related literature review . It is composed of the first chapter and the second chapter . The first chapter mainly presents the problems to be studied , the theoretical and practical significance of the research , the basic structure and the research methods of the thesis , the innovation and deficiency of the thesis . The second part is the theoretical analysis , which is composed of the third chapter . In the open economy , the entry of foreign banks will have a significant impact on the bank stability , the efficiency and the control of the host country , and then have an important influence on the financial security of the host country . The third part is the case and the empirical analysis , which is composed of the fourth to seventh chapters . It is the focus and the core of the whole text . The fourth chapter analyzes the influence of foreign banks on the stability of the host country ' s banks from the perspectives of breadth and depth . The fourth part is the comprehensive evaluation , which is composed of the eighth chapter . Based on the analysis above , this part estimates the financial security index of our country , studies the influence factors of the financial security index , uses the comprehensive evaluation theory model of financial security and the new financial security concept to comprehensively evaluate the influence of the bank stability , the bank efficiency and the bank control force on the financial security of our country , and takes the Ping An Bank as an example . The last part summarizes the full text and puts forward some suggestions . Through the study , the following basic conclusions are obtained : First , since the opening of the bank , the opening depth of our country ' s opening to the outside world , the depth of opening up and the opening of the outside world have tended to rise , and the opening depth of the bank is greater than the opening breadth of the outside world , which has asymmetry . Second , the foreign banks enter into two different effects on the stability of the host country ' s banks . The conclusion of the Latin American financial crisis , the Asian financial crisis and the case analysis between Russia and the Central and Eastern Europe since the 1990s shows that the influence of foreign banks into the stability of the host country ' s banks is a general advantage . In the case of our country , the entry of foreign banks will benefit the stability of the host country ' s banking system . Third , this paper uses the financial performance evaluation framework issued by the Ministry of Finance to evaluate the efficiency of China ' s listed commercial banks in the opening period from 2007 to 2012 . The results show that the technical efficiency of commercial banks in our country is high , and the efficiency and cost efficiency of the commercial banks are improved greatly , but the improvement is more room . Furthermore , the Tobit model analysis finds that the key factors that affect the efficiency of the banks are the profitability of the banks , the vitality of the main business , the growth potential , the quality of assets and capital adequacy , and the scale and market share of the banks , the value - added ability of the state - owned capital and the level of the provision coverage have not significantly affected . Fourth , China ' s bank ' s control force is increasing trend , among which , the national bank ' s development status indicator has the biggest influence on the bank ' s control force , secondly , it is the national government ' s supervision on foreign banks , and finally the development status indicator of foreign banks . The contribution of domestic banks ' development to the control force of our country is increasing , which shows that our country ' s bank ' s competitiveness is constantly improving under the conditions of opening to the outside world . Fifth , the financial security comprehensive evaluation theory model shows that in the post - opening period , the opening degree of the bank increases , the bank stability is improved , the bank ' s efficiency is improved , and the positive effect of the bank stability , the bank efficiency and the bank control force can obtain the comprehensive positive effect of the financial security .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.3

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