【摘要】：神華集團準格爾能源有限責任公司黑岱溝露天煤礦是我國最大的露天煤礦，年開采能力超過3000萬噸，其巖石剝離采用世界上最先進的拋擲爆破-拉斗鏟倒堆開采工藝。該工藝直接將剝離物倒堆排棄于露天采空區(qū)內，生產(chǎn)效率高成本低生產(chǎn)能力大等優(yōu)勢特點，是露天礦重要開采工藝。 拋擲爆破和爆破設計是該工藝的首個環(huán)節(jié)，設計質量和爆破效果對后期施工產(chǎn)生最直接影響。通過開發(fā)適合露天礦拋擲爆破設計技術的計算機智能軟件，旨在指導現(xiàn)場拋擲爆破設計，，以期獲得更好的爆破效果，降低剝離成本。 經(jīng)過兩年的設計，我們成功開發(fā)了《露天礦拋擲爆破計算機智能設計系統(tǒng)》。該系統(tǒng)是一個功能強大、結構復雜的大型智能設計軟件。主要功能包括：結合地質地形數(shù)據(jù)準確確定設計參數(shù)、三維效果圖形平臺的研究開發(fā)、爆破智能設計與優(yōu)化、爆破模擬和效果分析、爆破設計文檔的生成和輸出等功能。 系統(tǒng)具有地質地形數(shù)據(jù)處理功能，結合地質地形，系統(tǒng)可以準確確定爆破設計參數(shù)，該功能在同類軟件中首次實現(xiàn)。系統(tǒng)建立了地質地形數(shù)據(jù)庫，存儲了地質鉆探數(shù)據(jù)及礦巖的各種地質屬性參數(shù)，在爆破設計過程中對采場內給定區(qū)域的礦巖類別及其分布范圍、各種巖礦的物理力學參數(shù)進行自動查詢、識別和處理，針對不同的巖礦智能計算并給定爆破設計參數(shù)。 針對露天礦，專門開發(fā)了三維圖形平臺，該平臺所有功能都從最底層開發(fā)，不嵌入任何第三方插件，具有獨立的知識產(chǎn)權。 系統(tǒng)建立了爆破參數(shù)知識庫、智能設計知識庫、裝藥模板和火工品模板等，實現(xiàn)了智能布孔、智能孔位調整、智能孔長調整、延時自動調整、藥量自動調整等功能，具有極強的自動設計、智能設計功能，系統(tǒng)還實現(xiàn)了爆破過程模擬，炸藥及火工品消耗計算等功能。 系統(tǒng)對爆破效果可以進行準確模擬和分析，針對拋擲爆破，開發(fā)了爆堆形態(tài)模擬功能，可以模擬各斷面的爆堆形態(tài)曲線，并可以計算松動系數(shù)、有效拋擲率等。
[Abstract]:Heidaigou opencast coal mine of Shenhua Group Zhunger Energy Co., Ltd. is the largest opencast coal mine in China, with an annual mining capacity of more than 30 million tons. It is an important mining process for opencast mine because of its advantages such as high production efficiency, low cost and large production capacity. Throwing blasting and blasting design are the first links of the process, and the design quality and blasting effect have the most direct influence on the later construction. Through the development of computer intelligent software suitable for open pit blasting design technology, the purpose of this paper is to guide the field throwing blasting design in order to obtain better blasting effect and reduce stripping cost. After two years of design, we have successfully developed the "computer Intelligent Design system for Open-pit throwing blasting". The system is a powerful and complex intelligent design software. The main functions include the following functions: accurate determination of design parameters based on geological terrain data, research and development of 3D effect graphics platform, intelligent design and optimization of blasting, blasting simulation and effect analysis, generation and output of blasting design documents, etc. The system has the function of data processing of geological terrain. Combined with geological terrain, the system can accurately determine the parameters of blasting design, and this function is realized for the first time in the same kind of software. The geological topographic database is set up, and the geological drilling data and various geological attribute parameters of ore rock are stored. In the process of blasting design, the types and distribution range of ore and rock in a given area in the mining site are analyzed. The physical and mechanical parameters of various kinds of rock and ore are automatically queried, identified and processed, and the blasting design parameters are given according to different intelligent calculation of rock and ore. A 3D graphics platform has been developed for opencast mine. All functions of the platform are developed from the bottom layer without embedding any third party plug-in and have independent intellectual property rights. The system has established the knowledge base of blasting parameters, intelligent design knowledge base, charge template and initiator template, and has realized the functions of intelligent hole layout, intelligent hole position adjustment, intelligent hole length adjustment, delay automatic adjustment, automatic charge adjustment and so on. It has strong functions of automatic design and intelligent design. The system also realizes the functions of blasting process simulation and calculation of explosive and explosive consumption. The blasting effect can be accurately simulated and analyzed by the system. In view of the throwing blasting, the function of the blasting heap shape simulation is developed, which can simulate the shape curve of each section of the blasting pile, and can calculate the loosening coefficient and the effective throwing rate, etc.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TP311.52;TD824

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