我國轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟運行機制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-29 21:01
【摘要】：以轉基因技術為代表的現(xiàn)代生物技術已經(jīng)成為21世紀經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主導力量。在轉基因水稻研究技術方面,我國的研究能力與國際上保持同步,在秈稻基因組程序、抗病蟲轉基因水稻研發(fā)及多基因共轉化等領域處于世界領先地位。水稻作為主要的糧食作物,供許多人直接食用,因此轉基因水稻的安全問題備受關注,政府決策者在支持轉基因水稻科學技術研發(fā)和產業(yè)化應用方面也持十分謹慎的態(tài)度。但隨著轉基因技術的不斷完善以及人類對轉基因水稻的安全性的合理控制,越來越多的人會認同和接受轉基因水稻,轉基因水稻產業(yè)化也是歷史發(fā)展的必然趨勢。我國是世界上最大的水稻生產國和消費國,我們要利用我國在水稻品種研發(fā)上具有的比較優(yōu)勢,爭取占領轉基因水稻未來市場的較大份額。轉基因水稻研發(fā)和生產應用的一個關鍵之處在于對其知識產權的保護,目前我國轉基因水稻研發(fā)者大多處于比較分散的狀態(tài),資源難以有效集中,雖然在轉基因水稻重大專項課題組下有所交流與合作,但并沒有形成一個統(tǒng)一的管理服務組織,這不利于對轉基因水稻知識產權的保護,也不利于轉基因水稻的科技創(chuàng)新和市場化發(fā)展。因此,轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟的建立和運行就顯得十分重要。聯(lián)盟在轉基因水稻知識產權創(chuàng)造、運用、管理、保護等方面將提供充分的保障,并有利于解決我國在轉基因水稻科研育種和商業(yè)化生產經(jīng)營過程中突顯的知識產權問題。為此,本研究以轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟為研究對象,主要從以下方面展開論述。 首先,從基本概念入手,分別闡述轉基因水稻、知識產權聯(lián)盟、轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟的內涵。同時以利益平衡理論、資源共享理論為切入點,對轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟運行機制的理論基礎進行剖析。 其次,從外部和內部兩個方面分析轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟形成的動因。外部動因在于國際競爭日益激烈的需求和國內轉基因水稻產業(yè)化發(fā)展的需要,內部動因在于資源的合理配置、創(chuàng)新效率的提高以及相互學習的需求。由此,明確了轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟建立的必要性。 再次,通過對金色水稻專利聯(lián)盟、中國種業(yè)知識產權聯(lián)盟已有的相關知識產權聯(lián)盟的實踐及其運行經(jīng)驗的歸納和總結,為我國轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟建立和正常運行提供相關借鑒。并從主體、組織機構及聯(lián)盟成員的權利義務等方面分析我國轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟具體制度。 最后,就預期我國轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟運行的內部機制和外部法律支持進行分析。其中,內部運行機制包括轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟的信任機制、知識產權評估機制、利益分享機制以及協(xié)調機制；外部法律支持則從轉基因水稻在科研育種階段、知識產權申請階段和最終商業(yè)化生產、經(jīng)營階段分別論述,促使我國轉基因水稻知識產權聯(lián)盟順利運行,服務于轉基因水稻創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Modern biotechnology, represented by transgenic technology, has become the leading force in the economic development of the twenty-first Century. In the field of transgenic rice research, the research ability of our country is in sync with the world. It is in the world leading position in the genome program of indica rice, research and development of transgenic rice and multi gene CO conversion in the fields of rice. As the main food crops for many people to eat directly, the safety of transgenic rice has attracted much attention. Government policymakers also take a very cautious attitude to support the scientific and Technological Development and industrialization of transgenic rice. However, with the continuous improvement of transgenic technology and the rationality of human transgenic rice, the safety of transgenic rice is reasonable. More and more people will identify and accept transgenic rice, and the industrialization of transgenic rice is also the inevitable trend of historical development. China is the largest rice producer and consumer in the world. We should make use of the comparative advantages of our country in rice variety research and development, and strive to occupy a larger share of the future market of transgenic rice. One of the key points of the R & D and production application of genetic rice lies in the protection of its intellectual property rights. At present, most of the transgenic rice developers in China are in a relatively scattered state, and the resources are difficult to be concentrated effectively. Although there are some exchanges and cooperation under the major special project group of transgenic rice, there is no unified management service. Organization, this is not conducive to the protection of intellectual property rights of transgenic rice, it is also not conducive to the scientific and technological innovation and market development of transgenic rice. Therefore, the establishment and operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice is very important. And it is beneficial to solve the problem of intellectual property right highlighted in the process of scientific research and breeding and commercial production and operation of transgenic rice in our country. Therefore, this study focuses on the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice, mainly from the following aspects.
First of all, starting with the basic concepts, this paper expounds the connotation of genetically modified rice, intellectual property alliance and the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice. At the same time, the theoretical basis of the operation mechanism of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice is analyzed with the theory of balance of interests and the theory of resource sharing.
Secondly, from the two aspects of the external and internal analysis of the causes of the formation of Intellectual Property Alliance of transgenic rice. The external motivation lies in the increasing demand of international competition and the needs of the development of the industrialization of transgenic rice at home. The internal motivation lies in the rational allocation of resources, the improvement of innovation efficiency and the need for mutual learning. The necessity of establishing intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice.
Thirdly, through the induction and summary of the practice and operation experience of the patent alliance of golden rice and the related intellectual property alliance of China's seed industry intellectual property alliance, it provides some reference for the establishment and normal operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice in China. The specific system of Intellectual Property Alliance of genetically modified rice in China is analyzed.
Finally, the internal mechanism and external legal support for the operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice are expected to be analyzed. The internal operating mechanism includes the trust mechanism of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice, the mechanism of intellectual property assessment, the mechanism of benefit sharing and the coordination mechanism, and the external legal support is from the transgenic rice in the family. The stage of research and breeding, the application stage of intellectual property and the final commercial production, and the operation stage are discussed respectively, which will promote the smooth operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice in China and serve the innovation and development of transgenic rice.
【學位授予單位】：華中農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.4
本文編號：2154005
[Abstract]:Modern biotechnology, represented by transgenic technology, has become the leading force in the economic development of the twenty-first Century. In the field of transgenic rice research, the research ability of our country is in sync with the world. It is in the world leading position in the genome program of indica rice, research and development of transgenic rice and multi gene CO conversion in the fields of rice. As the main food crops for many people to eat directly, the safety of transgenic rice has attracted much attention. Government policymakers also take a very cautious attitude to support the scientific and Technological Development and industrialization of transgenic rice. However, with the continuous improvement of transgenic technology and the rationality of human transgenic rice, the safety of transgenic rice is reasonable. More and more people will identify and accept transgenic rice, and the industrialization of transgenic rice is also the inevitable trend of historical development. China is the largest rice producer and consumer in the world. We should make use of the comparative advantages of our country in rice variety research and development, and strive to occupy a larger share of the future market of transgenic rice. One of the key points of the R & D and production application of genetic rice lies in the protection of its intellectual property rights. At present, most of the transgenic rice developers in China are in a relatively scattered state, and the resources are difficult to be concentrated effectively. Although there are some exchanges and cooperation under the major special project group of transgenic rice, there is no unified management service. Organization, this is not conducive to the protection of intellectual property rights of transgenic rice, it is also not conducive to the scientific and technological innovation and market development of transgenic rice. Therefore, the establishment and operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice is very important. And it is beneficial to solve the problem of intellectual property right highlighted in the process of scientific research and breeding and commercial production and operation of transgenic rice in our country. Therefore, this study focuses on the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice, mainly from the following aspects.
First of all, starting with the basic concepts, this paper expounds the connotation of genetically modified rice, intellectual property alliance and the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice. At the same time, the theoretical basis of the operation mechanism of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice is analyzed with the theory of balance of interests and the theory of resource sharing.
Secondly, from the two aspects of the external and internal analysis of the causes of the formation of Intellectual Property Alliance of transgenic rice. The external motivation lies in the increasing demand of international competition and the needs of the development of the industrialization of transgenic rice at home. The internal motivation lies in the rational allocation of resources, the improvement of innovation efficiency and the need for mutual learning. The necessity of establishing intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice.
Thirdly, through the induction and summary of the practice and operation experience of the patent alliance of golden rice and the related intellectual property alliance of China's seed industry intellectual property alliance, it provides some reference for the establishment and normal operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice in China. The specific system of Intellectual Property Alliance of genetically modified rice in China is analyzed.
Finally, the internal mechanism and external legal support for the operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice are expected to be analyzed. The internal operating mechanism includes the trust mechanism of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice, the mechanism of intellectual property assessment, the mechanism of benefit sharing and the coordination mechanism, and the external legal support is from the transgenic rice in the family. The stage of research and breeding, the application stage of intellectual property and the final commercial production, and the operation stage are discussed respectively, which will promote the smooth operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice in China and serve the innovation and development of transgenic rice.
【學位授予單位】：華中農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.4
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