本文選題：中小企業(yè) + 出口績效�。� 參考：《吉林大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國一直以來都是出口導向型國家，外貿(mào)依存度連續(xù)5年在50%以上，出口也是拉動我國經(jīng)濟的三駕馬車之一，并且在中國加入WTO后更發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用。中小企業(yè)是出口創(chuàng)匯的生力軍，它們占有組織上的靈活性，經(jīng)營方向的可變性等優(yōu)勢，在國際市場上嶄露頭角。但是我國的出口面臨很多問題，雖然總量很大，但是利潤較低。我國的工業(yè)化發(fā)展年限不長，，加工類產(chǎn)品大多處在勞動密集型行業(yè)，如服裝、玩具等占用資本核技術較少，而資源環(huán)境的比重較大，這不利于我國創(chuàng)造利潤。于是探索利潤更高的出口加工方式就成為我國學者研究的熱點。 國內(nèi)外學者的研究大多集中于如何發(fā)展對外貿(mào)易，而較少針對于如何提高出口加工企業(yè)的利潤率；前人研究的成果更加專注于對國際貿(mào)易的影響，而鮮有對企業(yè)出口績效的研究；學者的關注點大多集中于國家層面或者行業(yè)層面的國際貿(mào)易狀況，而幾乎沒有針對于出口創(chuàng)匯的主力軍中小企業(yè)的研究。通過對前人研究成果的學習和概括發(fā)現(xiàn)，能夠影響中小企業(yè)出口績效的因素很多，包括企業(yè)內(nèi)在差異、行業(yè)差異因素、國家政策因素和國際市場影響因素幾個方面。本文在深入分析了當前形勢，結(jié)合企業(yè)的實際情況作出假設，通過實證研究的方式，希望能夠?qū)χ行∑髽I(yè)提升其出口創(chuàng)匯能力提出參考意見。 本文在實證研究過程中使用了因子分析，回歸分析以及二項邏輯分析等統(tǒng)計方法，對所作假設進行驗證，得出了以下結(jié)論：企業(yè)細分市場和差異化經(jīng)營程度越高，越能提高中小企業(yè)出口績效;中小企業(yè)對資本化RD投入經(jīng)費越多，越能提高企業(yè)的出口績效;出口績效的高低隨著經(jīng)濟周期的變動出現(xiàn)先于經(jīng)濟周期的相應變動;健全的品牌建設有助于提升中小企業(yè)的出口績效；實施戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策能夠提高我國中小企業(yè)的出口創(chuàng)匯能力；戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策實施越嚴謹，我國中小企業(yè)的出口績效越低，二者成反向變動關系；外商直接投資能夠促進中小企業(yè)出口績效，某地區(qū)外商直接投資數(shù)額越大，該地區(qū)中小企業(yè)出口績效越高;世界經(jīng)濟周期會影響世界貿(mào)易周期，企業(yè)的出口績效會根據(jù)世界經(jīng)濟周期變動呈現(xiàn)變動知識創(chuàng)新數(shù)量越多，知識產(chǎn)權保護政策越具體，中小企業(yè)的出口績效就越高;國際資本流動越頻繁、資本流動門檻越低，中小企業(yè)的出口績效就越高. 由于本文研究因素較多，在具體細節(jié)上還有許多不足和不完善的地方，本文在最后也做出了對本領域未來研究的展望，以期待后續(xù)學者繼續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:China has always been an export-oriented country with a dependence on foreign trade of more than 50% for five consecutive years. Export is also one of the troika driving China's economy, and it plays an important role after China's entry into WTO. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the new force of export earning foreign exchange. They have the advantages of flexibility in organization and variability of management direction, so they are emerging in the international market. But our country's export faces many problems, although the total amount is very big, but the profit is low. The development of industrialization in our country is not long, most of the processed products are in labor-intensive industries, such as clothing, toys and other occupation of capital and nuclear technology, but the proportion of resources and environment is large, which is not conducive to the creation of profits in China. Therefore, the exploration of higher profit export processing has become a hot spot of Chinese scholars. Scholars at home and abroad mostly focus on how to develop foreign trade, but less on how to improve the profit margin of export processing enterprises. However, there are few researches on the export performance of enterprises. Most of the scholars focus on the international trade situation at the national level or the industry level, but there is almost no research on the small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the main force of export earnings. Through the study and summary of the previous research results, it is found that there are many factors that can affect the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises, including the internal differences of enterprises, industry differences, national policy factors and international market factors. This paper analyzes the current situation deeply, makes the hypothesis according to the actual situation of the enterprise, and through the way of the empirical research, hopes to give some reference suggestions to the small and medium-sized enterprises to enhance their ability of earning foreign exchange from export. In this paper, factor analysis, regression analysis and binomial logic analysis are used to verify the hypothesis, and the following conclusions are drawn: the higher the degree of market segmentation and differentiated management is, The more SMEs invest in R D, the better their export performance can be, and the higher the export performance is, the earlier the export performance changes before the economic cycle with the change of the economic cycle, the higher the export performance is, the higher the export performance is, and the more the R & D investment is, the better the export performance will be. Sound brand building helps to improve the export performance of SMEs; the implementation of strategic trade policies can improve the ability of SMEs to earn foreign exchange from exports; the more stringent the implementation of strategic trade policies, the lower the export performance of SMEs. Foreign direct investment (FDI) can promote the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The larger the amount of FDI, the higher the export performance of SMEs in a certain region. The world economic cycle will affect the world trade cycle. The more the quantity of knowledge innovation, the more specific the intellectual property protection policy, the higher the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises, the more frequent the international capital flow, the lower the threshold of capital flow. The higher the export performance of SMEs. As there are many factors in this paper, there are still many deficiencies and imperfections in the specific details. At the end of this paper, we also make the prospect of the future research in this field, in order to look forward to the follow-up scholars continue to study.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F752.62;F276.3;F224

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