本文選題：制造業(yè)　切入點：產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力　出處：《東北財經(jīng)大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：受國際分工的影響,發(fā)達國家為了利用廉價的生產(chǎn)要素,將產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的最低端轉(zhuǎn)移到發(fā)展中國家。中國制造業(yè)依靠其強大的勞動力優(yōu)勢和廣闊的國內(nèi)市場,吸引了大量制造業(yè)跨國公司來華投資。同時,中國政府制定了優(yōu)惠的外資政策,加強基礎設施建設,優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境,吸引更多資本來中國投資,促進了中國制造業(yè)的發(fā)展。2010年中國制造業(yè)產(chǎn)值的全球份額達到19.8%,成為全球最大的制造業(yè)國家。同時,制造業(yè)的快速發(fā)展也促進了我國國民生產(chǎn)總值的穩(wěn)步增加,制造業(yè)已經(jīng)成為我國的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。 然而,受人民幣升值、通貨膨脹、稅收優(yōu)惠政策取消等不利因素的影響,中國制造業(yè)的低成本比較優(yōu)勢逐漸弱化。相比之下,發(fā)展水平較差的東南亞國家,憑借其廉價的勞動力成本,吸引了大量的外商直接投資。同時2007年次貸危機引發(fā)的全球金融危機使歐美發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體意識到實體經(jīng)濟的重要性,美國、德國等國家提出了“再工業(yè)化”戰(zhàn)略,尤其是在高端制造業(yè)上,并提出了具體的優(yōu)惠措施。受內(nèi)外不利因素的影響,2012年中國制造業(yè)實際使用外商直接投資金額較去年下降6.2%,外商直接投資企業(yè)數(shù)下降19.3%。 在這種復雜的國內(nèi)外環(huán)境下,我們需要了解中國制造業(yè)實際的國際競爭力到底處于何種水平?我們要如何應對東南亞低成本國家和歐美發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體的雙面夾擊,提高自身制造業(yè)的國際競爭力?為分析這些問題,本文共分為五個部分： 第一章是文章的緒論,介紹了本文的研究背景和意義、文獻綜述、研究思路和方法、文章創(chuàng)新點及不足之處。 第二章是相關(guān)概念以及理論基礎。首先對制造業(yè)定義及分類、制造業(yè)附加值以及產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力進行了界定。然后從比較競爭優(yōu)勢理論和國家競爭優(yōu)勢理論兩個角度分析了產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力理論基礎。 第三章從三個方面研究了我國制造業(yè)的國際競爭力現(xiàn)狀：一是從研究我國制造業(yè)貿(mào)易發(fā)展及制造業(yè)附加值的構(gòu)成兩方面對我國制造業(yè)現(xiàn)狀進行分析；二是對我國制造業(yè)面臨的不利因素新變化進行了分析；三是利用國際市場占有率和顯示性競爭優(yōu)勢指數(shù)兩個指標分析了國內(nèi)九大制造業(yè)的國際競爭力以及不同發(fā)展水平的國家的國際競爭力。 第四章選取勞動力成本、基礎設施和物流能力、國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模、稅收政策和創(chuàng)新能力五個因素,進行定量國際比較,分析我國制造業(yè)存在潛在國際競爭力的競爭因素。 第五章從五個角度分析提高中國制造業(yè)國際競爭力的途徑。一是將勞動密集型比較優(yōu)勢轉(zhuǎn)化為競爭優(yōu)勢。首先是提高勞動者素質(zhì),優(yōu)化人才結(jié)構(gòu)。然后是鼓勵技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,提高產(chǎn)品附加值。其次是培育制造業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群,發(fā)展規(guī)模制造業(yè)企業(yè)。二是要致力于國際合作,優(yōu)化制造業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。一方面我們應加強中國-東盟經(jīng)濟合作,依托東盟國家資源優(yōu)勢,加強過剩產(chǎn)能向東盟的轉(zhuǎn)移,加大對東盟制造業(yè)的投資,利用東盟的充足的資源。另一方面我們還要加強與發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體合作,抓住機遇,積極引進發(fā)達國家的先進技術(shù),同時加強對美制造業(yè)的投資,提升我國制造業(yè)在國際中的地位。三是要加快自主研發(fā)與創(chuàng)新能力：培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)人才,實現(xiàn)人力驅(qū)動的創(chuàng)新；營造創(chuàng)新的政策環(huán)境,加大對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護；加快品牌建設,營造企業(yè)創(chuàng)新環(huán)境和文化理念。四是深化稅收體制改革,減輕企業(yè)負擔。五是要促進生產(chǎn)性服務業(yè)的發(fā)展,實現(xiàn)與制造業(yè)的融合。
[Abstract]:Affected by the international division of labor, the developed countries in order to use cheap factors of production, the transfer of the most low-end industrial chain to developing countries. China manufacturing rely on its strong labor advantage and broad domestic market, attracting a large number of manufacturing companies to invest in China. At the same time, China government has formulated preferential policies, strengthen infrastructure the construction, optimize the investment environment, attract more capital to China investment, promote the development of.2010 China manufacturing China years manufacturing output of the global share reached 19.8%, becoming the world's largest manufacturing country. At the same time, the rapid development of the manufacturing industry also contributed to the steady increase of GDP in China, the manufacturing industry has become a pillar industry of our country.
However, affected by the appreciation of the renminbi, inflation, tax preferential policy to cancel the influence of unfavorable factors, the advantage of low cost China manufacturing industry gradually weakened. In contrast, the development level of the Southeast Asian countries, with its cheap labor cost, attracting a large number of foreign direct investment. At the same time, the 2007 subprime mortgage crisis triggered by the global financial crisis. The developed economies of Europe and realized the importance of the real economy, the United States, Germany and other countries put forward the "re industrialization" strategy, especially in the high-end manufacturing, and puts forward some concrete preferential measures. Affected by the unfavorable factors, in 2012 China manufacturing the actual use of foreign direct investment fell by 6.2% compared with last year, down 19.3%. the number of Foreign Direct Investment Enterprises
In such a complex environment at home and abroad, we need to understand the actual international competitiveness of manufacturing industry Chinese exactly at what level? We want to how to deal with the double low cost countries in Southeast Asia and the developed economies of Europe and the attack, improve the international competitiveness of our manufacturing industry? For the analysis of these problems, this paper is divided into five parts:
The first chapter is the introduction of the article, which introduces the background and significance of the research, the literature review, the research ideas and methods, the innovation and the shortcomings of the article.
The second chapter is the related concepts and theoretical basis. Firstly, the definition and classification of manufacturing industry, value added manufacturing industry and the international competitiveness of industry are defined. Then the basic theory of industrial international competitiveness analysis from two aspects of competitive advantage theory and the theory of national competitive advantage.
The third chapter studies the current situation of the international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry from three aspects: one is from the study of manufacturing trade development and the manufacturing industry added value in China. Through the analysis of China's manufacturing industry in two aspects; two new changes facing negative factors of the manufacturing industry in China are analyzed; three share and display the competitive advantage index of two indicators for analysis of the international competitiveness of domestic manufacturing industry and the nine different levels of development of countries with the international competitiveness of the international market.
The fourth chapter selects labor costs, infrastructure and logistics capabilities, domestic market scale, tax policy and innovation capacity five factors to conduct quantitative international comparison, and analyzes the competitive factors of China's manufacturing industry's potential international competitiveness.
The fifth chapter analysis from five aspects of ways to improve the international competitiveness China manufacturing industry. One is the comparative advantage of labor-intensive into competitive advantages. The first is to improve the quality of workers, optimizing the structure of talent. And encourage technological innovation, improve the added value of the products. The second is to cultivate the industry cluster, the development scale of manufacturing enterprises. Two is committed to international cooperation, optimize the industrial structure of manufacturing industry. On the one hand, we should strengthen the Chinese ASEAN economic cooperation in ASEAN countries, relying on the advantages of resources, strengthen the surplus production capacity to increase the transfer of ASEAN, ASEAN manufacturing investment, utilize the abundant resources of ASEAN. On the other hand we have strengthened and developed economy cooperation, seize the opportunity to actively introduce advanced technology in developed countries, while strengthening the U.S. manufacturing investment, enhance China's manufacturing industry in the international status of the three is to speed up the self. The main research and innovation ability, cultivating high-quality talents, realize human driven innovation; create innovation policy environment, strengthen the protection of intellectual property; accelerate brand building, to create the innovation environment and cultural concept. The four is to deepen the reform of the tax system, reduce the burden to the enterprise. The five is to promote the development of producer services. Achieve integration and manufacturing.

【學位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F424

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本文編號：1725887