【摘要】：刑法學(xué)界及司法實(shí)務(wù)部門對于入罪后的代替考試行為應(yīng)如何理解適用,存在較大爭議。"法律規(guī)定"的"國家考試"中的"法律"應(yīng)僅指全國人民代表大會及其常委會制定的規(guī)范性文件。代替考試罪的罪數(shù)問題較為復(fù)雜,涉及牽連犯、法規(guī)競合犯、想象競合犯、集合犯及數(shù)罪并罰等情形。在試卷上互寫對方姓名、考號等信息的行為應(yīng)認(rèn)定為替考。雖然刑法條文沒有罪量的規(guī)定,但并非只要實(shí)施替考行為就一定構(gòu)成代替考試罪。替考要約是實(shí)施替考行為的前提條件,將替考要約行為認(rèn)定為犯罪,存在刑法介入考試行為的早期化嫌疑。代替考試罪屬于過程行為犯,只要替考者進(jìn)入考場參加考試,就標(biāo)志著犯罪的既遂。
[Abstract]:There is a great dispute in criminal law circles and judicial practice departments about how to understand and apply the behavior of substitute examination after conviction. " The "law" in the "National examination" stipulated by law shall refer only to the normative documents formulated by the National people's Congress and its standing Committee. The problem of the number of crimes in place of examination is more complicated, which involves implicated crime, law competition crime, imaginative joint crime, collective crime and combined punishment of several crimes and so on. The behavior of writing each other's name, number and other information on the examination paper should be regarded as a double test. Although the criminal law does not provide for the amount of crime, it does not necessarily constitute the crime of replacing the examination as long as the act of taking the test is carried out. The offer is the prerequisite for the implementation of the act. The offer is considered as a crime and there is an early suspicion of the criminal law intervention in the examination. The crime of replacing examination belongs to the crime of process behavior, as long as the examiner enters the examination room to take part in the examination, it marks the accomplishment of the crime.
【作者單位】： 沈陽師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(15BFX092)
【分類號】：D924.3

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