【摘要】：當(dāng)前,逐步廢止死刑已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)刑法理論界的共識(shí),在這一共識(shí)下,如何規(guī)劃死刑罪名削減的方案則成為當(dāng)前中國(guó)刑法理論和實(shí)務(wù)界研究的重點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)問題。文章采用了比較分析的方法,對(duì)中國(guó)死刑罪名及其適用條件進(jìn)行了深入的研究,認(rèn)為目前《刑法》中存在著死刑罪名數(shù)量多、分布范圍廣,多數(shù)死刑犯罪適用條件門檻低、死刑罪名配置彼此不協(xié)調(diào)等問題,應(yīng)對(duì)其進(jìn)行及時(shí)的規(guī)范、限制及廢止。文章從死刑政策、死刑罪名削減的宏觀構(gòu)想及其具體展開三個(gè)方面系統(tǒng)論證了中國(guó)死刑罪名削減的路線安排。首先,政策對(duì)法律具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用,為了進(jìn)一步削減死刑罪名并最終廢除死刑,有必要革新現(xiàn)階段的死刑政策,選擇“限制并逐步廢除死刑”作為我國(guó)的死刑政策。其次,理論界關(guān)于死刑罪名削減安排的主流觀點(diǎn)(即根據(jù)死刑犯罪的是否有暴力性及暴力性程度)實(shí)為罪名性廢止,不符合當(dāng)前死刑罪名進(jìn)一步削減的改革需求。文章結(jié)合死刑罪名規(guī)定的特點(diǎn)、死刑適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及死刑罪名削減的原則,提出死刑罪名削減新的理論構(gòu)想,其主要特點(diǎn)為:一是將限制死刑罪名適用條件作為當(dāng)前死刑罪名削減的切入點(diǎn)和階段之一;二是縱向地看,將我國(guó)死刑罪名的削減分為三個(gè)階段,至2100年完全廢止死刑;三是橫向地看,根據(jù)具體死刑罪名的特點(diǎn)將削減分為兩條線,一條為一般死刑罪名的削減,主要根據(jù)該死刑犯罪的社會(huì)危害性程度大小進(jìn)行依次削減,另一條為具有國(guó)情民意阻力死刑罪名的削減,該罪名的削減需要結(jié)合社會(huì)危害性和國(guó)情民意等因素綜合考量;最后,文章展開分析了我國(guó)死刑罪名削減的構(gòu)想:第一階段應(yīng)規(guī)范我國(guó)死刑罪名具體適用條件,通過立法技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)性削減死刑罪名,同時(shí)取消絕對(duì)死刑配置方式。第二階段根據(jù)“罪行極其嚴(yán)重”的死刑適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn),僅保留故意殺人罪、武裝叛亂、暴亂罪的死刑罪名。第三階段將故意殺人罪、武裝叛亂、暴亂罪的死刑配置取消,并且在憲法中明確我國(guó)廢除死刑,屆時(shí)我國(guó)將徹底廢除死刑。
[Abstract]:At present, gradually abolishing the death penalty has become the consensus of the Chinese criminal law theorists. Under this consensus, how to plan the plan for the reduction of the death penalty charges has become the focus and hot issue of the current study of the theory and practice of Chinese criminal law. The article adopts the method of comparative analysis, carries on the thorough research to the death penalty charge and its applicable condition in China, thinks that there are many death penalty charges in the present Criminal Law, the scope of distribution is wide, and the threshold of most death penalty crimes is low. It is necessary to regulate, restrict and abolish the allocation of death penalty charges in a timely manner. This paper systematically demonstrates the route arrangement of death penalty crime reduction in China from three aspects: death penalty policy, macro conception of death penalty crime reduction and its concrete development. First of all, the policy has certain guiding function to the law. In order to further reduce the death penalty charges and abolish the death penalty finally, it is necessary to reform the present death penalty policy and choose "limit and gradually abolish the death penalty" as our country's death penalty policy. Secondly, the mainstream view of the reduction of death penalty charges (that is, according to whether the death penalty crime is violent or not) is actually abolished, which is not in line with the current reform needs of further reduction of death penalty charges. Based on the characteristics of death penalty charges, the applicable standards of death penalty and the principle of reducing death penalty charges, this paper puts forward a new theoretical conception of capital punishment crime reduction. Its main features are as follows: first, the limitation of the conditions of application of death penalty charges as one of the entry points and stages of the current reduction of death penalty charges; second, vertically, the reduction of death penalty charges in China is divided into three stages, and the death penalty will be abolished completely by 2100. Third, horizontally, according to the characteristics of the specific death penalty charges, the cuts are divided into two lines. One is the reduction of the ordinary death penalty charges, mainly based on the degree of social harm of the death penalty crimes. The other is the reduction of the death penalty charge, which has national public opinion resistance, which needs to be comprehensively considered in the light of factors such as social harmfulness and national public opinion. Finally, This paper analyzes the conception of the reduction of death penalty charges in our country: in the first stage, we should standardize the specific applicable conditions of the death penalty charges in our country, change the technical reduction of the death penalty charges through the legislative technology, and at the same time abolish the absolute allocation of the death penalty. In the second stage, the death penalty for intentional homicide, armed insurrection and riot is reserved according to the applicable criteria of "extremely serious crime". In the third stage, the death penalty for intentional homicide, armed rebellion and riot will be abolished, and it is clear in the Constitution that the death penalty will be abolished in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

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