本文選題：法益階序論 + 前實(shí)定性��； 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：犯罪的本質(zhì)是從社會(huì)危害說，演變到權(quán)利侵害說，再到法益侵害說，這些演變包含著人類對(duì)法律與社會(huì)、法律與國(guó)家、人類的關(guān)系不斷深化的過程，在不同的歷史時(shí)期，給予與其認(rèn)識(shí)深度相當(dāng)?shù)母拍�。法益侵害說雖有進(jìn)步性，但也有其自身理論上的不足，并且這種理論上的不足，已經(jīng)在現(xiàn)實(shí)中轉(zhuǎn)化成為了人類的災(zāi)難——二次世界大戰(zhàn)，納粹德國(guó)將其民族的法益設(shè)置為最高法益，高于其國(guó)內(nèi)個(gè)人的法益，高于其他民族的法益，所以為了維護(hù)其所謂的最高法益，可以任意犧牲其他法益，從而導(dǎo)致戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在其國(guó)內(nèi)法上是合理合法的。導(dǎo)致這種災(zāi)難是多種原因的，防范的策略也多種多樣的。從法律層面上，筆者從此提出了法益階序說，以關(guān)系人類發(fā)展輕重為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，，將相關(guān)法益進(jìn)行排序，其難度系數(shù)如同人類生命基因排序，但是在面對(duì)人類發(fā)展的歷史長(zhǎng)河與漫漫征途，是人類不可回避的。并從法益的前實(shí)定性，判斷法益的立法功能；其與道德關(guān)系，是以我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律、社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)問題為著眼點(diǎn)；法益階序論有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)用性。當(dāng)今我國(guó)犯罪構(gòu)成飽受爭(zhēng)議，筆者從法益階序論出發(fā)，提出“一元三要件說”，以階序的法益為核心，構(gòu)建主體、主觀、客觀雙向互動(dòng)式的犯罪構(gòu)成要件，這種構(gòu)成要件包含大陸法系的犯罪構(gòu)成要件：該當(dāng)性、違法性、責(zé)任性，對(duì)比英美法系的雙模式認(rèn)定論更有優(yōu)越性，尤其是更符合司法實(shí)踐中執(zhí)法人員對(duì)案件的客觀認(rèn)識(shí)規(guī)律。我國(guó)立法中模糊詞語不僅影響了執(zhí)法，更給公眾知法守法造成了困難，筆者從法益階序論出發(fā)，將各種違法行為侵害的法益，相互置換，就相當(dāng)于貨幣誕生歷程一樣，以一種大眾所熟知，方便執(zhí)行的法益等價(jià)代換出來作為基數(shù)，將現(xiàn)行法律中的模糊詞替換為數(shù)字，以實(shí)現(xiàn)馬克思說：科學(xué)的最高形式是數(shù)字化。
[Abstract]:The essence of crime is from the theory of social harm to the theory of infringement of rights, and then to the theory of infringement of legal interests. These changes include the process of deepening the relationship between law and society, law and country, and human beings in different historical periods.To give a concept commensurate with the depth of its understanding.Although the theory of encroachment on legal interests is progressive, it also has its own theoretical shortcomings, and this theoretical deficiency has been transformed into the disaster of human beings-World War II in reality.Nazi Germany set the legal interest of its nation as the supreme legal interest, which was higher than that of the individual in its own country and higher than that of other nationalities, so in order to maintain its so-called supreme legal interest, other legal interests could be sacrificed at will.This led to war being legitimate in its domestic law.There are many reasons for this disaster, and there are a variety of strategies to prevent it.From the point of view of law, the author puts forward the order of legal interest from this point of view, taking the importance of human development as the starting point, ranking the relevant legal benefits, the difficulty coefficient of which is similar to the sequencing of human life genes.But in the face of the history of human development and long journey, it is inevitable.And judging the legislative function of legal interest from the pre-real nature of legal interest, the relationship between it and morality is based on the current law and social reality of our country, and the order of legal interest theory has strong practicability.At present, the constitution of crime in our country is under dispute. The author, based on the theory of the order of legal interest, puts forward the theory of "one element and three elements", which takes the legal interests of order order as the core, and constructs the subjective, subjective and objective two-way interactive elements of the constitution of the crime.This kind of constitutive elements include the elements of criminal constitution of the continental law system: the appropriateness, the illegality and the responsibility, which are more superior than the two-mode cognizance theory of the Anglo-American law system, especially in accordance with the law of the law enforcement personnel's objective understanding of the case in the judicial practice.The vague words in the legislation of our country not only affect the law enforcement, but also make it difficult for the public to know the law and abide by the law. The author, starting from the order of law interests, replaces the legal interests of various illegal acts against each other, which is the same as the birth course of money.In order to realize Marx's saying that the highest form of science is digitalization, the fuzzy words in the current law are replaced by numbers on the basis of a kind of legal equivalent which is well known to the public and easy to execute.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D914

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