新刑訴附條件不起訴制度之完善研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-02 20:43
【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的迅速發(fā)展，國(guó)內(nèi)開(kāi)放度的大大增加，訴訟數(shù)量的急劇膨脹，未成年人犯罪數(shù)量也隨之迅速上升，鑒于未成年人的心智不成熟，可塑造性強(qiáng)，附條件不起訴制度便應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。在我國(guó)上海市長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)人民檢察院是最早嘗試附條件不起訴的，它在1992年初對(duì)一名涉嫌盜竊罪的犯罪嫌疑人延緩起訴。由于取得了良好的社會(huì)效果，并且符合我國(guó)寬嚴(yán)相濟(jì)的刑事政策。附條件不起訴在國(guó)內(nèi)已經(jīng)散播了近二十年,試點(diǎn)了十多年；并且適用的對(duì)象范圍也不只是局限于未成年人，適用范圍也及于一些弱勢(shì)群體的輕微刑事案件。 結(jié)合多年來(lái)的司法實(shí)踐，2012年修訂刑事訴訟法，把附條件不起訴制度明確寫入了新刑事訴訟法中。但是作為一個(gè)新引入的制度，立法者表現(xiàn)的相當(dāng)謹(jǐn)慎，甚至可以說(shuō)過(guò)于保守。因此對(duì)這一制度有認(rèn)真分析，進(jìn)行完善的必要�；诖�，本文從我國(guó)各地試點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及比較法的方法，來(lái)考察現(xiàn)行附條件不起訴立法的不足之處，主要指出適用前提條件的設(shè)置、所附條件、監(jiān)督考察主體、程序設(shè)計(jì)四個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題；并借鑒德國(guó)、日本、我國(guó)臺(tái)灣及澳門等域外相關(guān)立法，結(jié)合我國(guó)各試點(diǎn)地區(qū)的規(guī)則，提出了一些完善意見(jiàn)。 本文正文分三大部分，價(jià)值分析，存在的問(wèn)題，完善建議。 第一部分對(duì)附條件不起訴的價(jià)值分析，為更好的細(xì)化構(gòu)建我國(guó)的附條件不起訴制度，有必要探索立法者構(gòu)建這一法律制度的法理基礎(chǔ)和立法目的，刑法由報(bào)應(yīng)刑向目的刑的轉(zhuǎn)變以及由此應(yīng)運(yùn)而生的起訴便宜主義是附條件不起訴制度產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)。并體現(xiàn)了訴訟效益，刑法的謙抑主義和人權(quán)保障。 第二部分指出了附條件不起訴存在的問(wèn)題，這一部分著重探討了幾個(gè)我國(guó)附條件不起訴制度存在的問(wèn)題，主要有附條件不起訴制度存在著前提條件設(shè)置不合理，所附條件過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單，監(jiān)督考察主體不恰當(dāng)，程序設(shè)計(jì)有漏洞等等問(wèn)題。 第三部分對(duì)附條件不起訴存在的問(wèn)題提出了完善的建議。本部分筆者首先分析了是否應(yīng)該擴(kuò)大適用范圍以及擴(kuò)大到什么范圍，其次針對(duì)考察條件過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單和寬泛?jiǎn)栴}提出了一些細(xì)化建議。再次對(duì)附條件不起訴的監(jiān)督考察幫教問(wèn)題提出了自己的看法，著重探討了考察方式，考察主體和考察期限，并且建議將考察主體有檢查機(jī)關(guān)改為司法行政機(jī)關(guān)。最后對(duì)附條件不起訴的程序構(gòu)建提出了完善建議，提出增加考察核定程序，對(duì)“異議權(quán)”和“聽(tīng)取”程序進(jìn)一步完善。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, the great increase of domestic openness, the rapid expansion of the number of litigation, the number of juvenile delinquency has also increased rapidly. In view of the mental immaturity of minors, strong formability, conditional non-prosecution system emerges as the times require. The people's Procuratorate of Changning District in Shanghai, China, was the first to try not to sue with conditions. It deferred the prosecution of a suspect suspected of theft in early 1992. Because of the good social effect, and in line with the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity in our country. Conditional non-prosecution has been disseminated in China for nearly 20 years and has been piloted for more than a decade, and the scope of application is not only limited to minors, but also to minor criminal cases of some vulnerable groups. Combined with many years of judicial practice, the Criminal procedure Law was amended in 2012 to explicitly include the conditional non-prosecution system in the new Criminal procedure Law. But as a newly introduced system, lawmakers are quite cautious, or even too conservative. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze this system carefully and perfect it. Based on this, this paper examines the shortcomings of the current legislation of non-prosecution with conditions from the pilot experience of various parts of our country and the methods of comparative law, mainly points out the establishment of applicable prerequisites, attached conditions, supervision and inspection subjects, and program design, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement by drawing lessons from the relevant foreign legislation such as Germany, Japan, Taiwan and Macao, and combining with the rules of each pilot area in our country. The main body of this paper is divided into three parts, value analysis, existing problems and suggestions for improvement. The first part analyzes the value of conditional non-prosecution, in order to better refine the construction of conditional non-prosecution system in our country, it is necessary to explore the legal basis and legislative purpose of legislator to construct this legal system. The transformation of criminal law from retribution to purpose punishment and the convenience of prosecution, which emerges as the times require, are the basis of conditional non-prosecution system. And reflects the effectiveness of litigation, the modesty of criminal law and the protection of human rights. The second part points out the problems existing in the conditional non-prosecution system, this part focuses on several problems existing in the conditional non-prosecution system in our country, the main problems in the conditional non-prosecution system are unreasonable, the attached conditions are too simple, the supervision and investigation subject is not appropriate, the program design is loophole and so on. The third part puts forward some suggestions on the problems of conditional non-prosecution. In this part, the author first analyzes whether the scope of application should be expanded and what scope to expand, and then puts forward some detailed suggestions for the investigation of the conditions are too simple and broad. Thirdly, this paper puts forward its own views on the supervision and investigation of supervision and education with conditions and non-prosecution, focuses on the way of investigation, the subject of investigation and the time limit of investigation, and suggests that the subject of investigation should be changed into a judicial administrative organ. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the construction of the procedure of conditional non-prosecution, puts forward that the procedure of investigation and approval should be increased, and the procedures of "dissenting right" and "hearing" should be further improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2
本文編號(hào)：2509220
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, the great increase of domestic openness, the rapid expansion of the number of litigation, the number of juvenile delinquency has also increased rapidly. In view of the mental immaturity of minors, strong formability, conditional non-prosecution system emerges as the times require. The people's Procuratorate of Changning District in Shanghai, China, was the first to try not to sue with conditions. It deferred the prosecution of a suspect suspected of theft in early 1992. Because of the good social effect, and in line with the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity in our country. Conditional non-prosecution has been disseminated in China for nearly 20 years and has been piloted for more than a decade, and the scope of application is not only limited to minors, but also to minor criminal cases of some vulnerable groups. Combined with many years of judicial practice, the Criminal procedure Law was amended in 2012 to explicitly include the conditional non-prosecution system in the new Criminal procedure Law. But as a newly introduced system, lawmakers are quite cautious, or even too conservative. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze this system carefully and perfect it. Based on this, this paper examines the shortcomings of the current legislation of non-prosecution with conditions from the pilot experience of various parts of our country and the methods of comparative law, mainly points out the establishment of applicable prerequisites, attached conditions, supervision and inspection subjects, and program design, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement by drawing lessons from the relevant foreign legislation such as Germany, Japan, Taiwan and Macao, and combining with the rules of each pilot area in our country. The main body of this paper is divided into three parts, value analysis, existing problems and suggestions for improvement. The first part analyzes the value of conditional non-prosecution, in order to better refine the construction of conditional non-prosecution system in our country, it is necessary to explore the legal basis and legislative purpose of legislator to construct this legal system. The transformation of criminal law from retribution to purpose punishment and the convenience of prosecution, which emerges as the times require, are the basis of conditional non-prosecution system. And reflects the effectiveness of litigation, the modesty of criminal law and the protection of human rights. The second part points out the problems existing in the conditional non-prosecution system, this part focuses on several problems existing in the conditional non-prosecution system in our country, the main problems in the conditional non-prosecution system are unreasonable, the attached conditions are too simple, the supervision and investigation subject is not appropriate, the program design is loophole and so on. The third part puts forward some suggestions on the problems of conditional non-prosecution. In this part, the author first analyzes whether the scope of application should be expanded and what scope to expand, and then puts forward some detailed suggestions for the investigation of the conditions are too simple and broad. Thirdly, this paper puts forward its own views on the supervision and investigation of supervision and education with conditions and non-prosecution, focuses on the way of investigation, the subject of investigation and the time limit of investigation, and suggests that the subject of investigation should be changed into a judicial administrative organ. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the construction of the procedure of conditional non-prosecution, puts forward that the procedure of investigation and approval should be increased, and the procedures of "dissenting right" and "hearing" should be further improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2
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