【摘要】：本文對我國刑事被害人的權利現(xiàn)狀進行了梳理，發(fā)現(xiàn)了我國刑事被害人權利保護體系存在的諸多漏洞。首先，刑事被害人在偵查、審查起訴、審判、執(zhí)行各個環(huán)節(jié)中知情權和參與權嚴重不足，地位僅相當于證人。第二，他們的民事賠償權利被全面剝奪，最高人民法院用司法解釋的形式剝奪了侵財案件被害人提起附帶民事訴訟的權利、精神遭受嚴重損害的被害人索賠精神損害賠償金的權利、被犯罪傷害致殘或致死的被害人及其遺屬索賠殘疾賠償金、死亡賠償金的權利。第三，他們實現(xiàn)權利的配套機制不完善。刑事被害人獲得法律援助門檻較高，缺乏獲得法律援助的保障；被害人的代理律師被允許介入刑事訴訟的時間晚，因此他們較難獲得法律專業(yè)人士的幫助。 因此本文對造成我國刑事被害人權利缺失的原因進行了分析，借鑒國外立法，提出了改善我國刑事被害人權利現(xiàn)狀的對策。首先，賦予刑事被害人完整的訴訟權利，修改《刑事訴訟法》，完善刑事被害人在偵查、審查起訴、審判、執(zhí)行各個階段的知情權和參與權。第二，完善刑事被害人實現(xiàn)權利的配套機制。修改《法律援助條例》，取消對特定類型的被害人提供法律援助的門檻。修改《刑事訴訟法》，，允許被害人隨時委托訴訟代理人。第三，取消相關司法解釋，恢復刑事被害人民事賠償方面的權利�；謴颓重敯讣缓θ颂崞鸶綆袷略V訟的權利、精神遭受嚴重損害的被害人索賠精神損害賠償金的權利、被犯罪傷害致殘或致死的被害人及其遺屬索賠殘疾賠償金、死亡賠償金的權利。最重要的是，要建立我國的刑事被害人國家補償制度。根據(jù)我國的國情、適當借鑒國外的國家補償立法，對補償對象、補償范圍、補償金額、補償資金來源、補償程序等分別作出規(guī)定，建立起我國的刑事被害人國家補償制度。
[Abstract]:This paper combs the present situation of the rights of criminal victims in our country, and finds many loopholes in the system of protecting the rights of criminal victims in our country. First of all, the criminal victims in investigation, prosecution, trial, execution of each link in the right to know and the right to participate is seriously inadequate, the status is only equivalent to witnesses. Second, their right to civil compensation has been completely denied. The Supreme people's Court has deprived the victim of a financial invasion case of the right to file an incidental civil action in the form of a judicial interpretation. The right of the victim of serious mental injury to claim compensation for moral damage, the right of the victim and his surviving family to claim compensation for disability and compensation for death caused by criminal injury or death. Third, their realization of the rights of the supporting mechanism is not perfect. Criminal victims have higher barriers to legal aid and lack of protection; their lawyers are allowed to intervene late in criminal proceedings, making it more difficult for them to obtain assistance from legal professionals. Therefore, this paper analyzes the causes of the lack of the rights of criminal victims in our country, draws lessons from foreign legislation, and puts forward some countermeasures to improve the present situation of the rights of criminal victims in our country. First of all, the criminal victims should be given complete procedural rights, the Criminal procedure Law should be amended, and the criminal victims' right to know and participate in the investigation, examination, prosecution, trial and execution of each stage should be improved. Second, perfect the supporting mechanism for the realization of the rights of criminal victims. Amend the legal Aid regulations to remove the threshold of legal aid for specific types of victims. The Criminal procedure Law shall be amended to allow the victim to appoint an agent ad litem at any time. Third, cancel the relevant judicial interpretation and restore the civil compensation rights of criminal victims. "to restore the right of the victim of a pecuniary invasion case to institute incidental civil proceedings, the right of the victim who has suffered serious mental damage to claim compensation for moral damage, and the right of the victim and his survivors to claim compensation for disability compensation caused by the injury or death of the crime," Right to compensation for death The most important thing is to establish a national compensation system for criminal victims in our country. According to the national conditions of our country, we should draw lessons from the foreign national compensation legislation, and set up the national compensation system for criminal victims in our country, which includes the object of compensation, the range of compensation, the amount of compensation, the source of compensation funds, the procedure of compensation and so on.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

【共引文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 余德厚;石磊;袁晶;;刑事訴訟中被害人參與異化之研究[J];法律適用;2014年02期

2 韓�；�;;構建刑事被害人國家補償制度路徑探究[J];法制與社會;2014年04期

3 李寧;;淺議交通肇事后被害人救助的機制構建[J];法制博覽(中旬刊);2014年04期

4 徐世萍;;論我國刑事訴訟法中的被害人權利保護[J];法制與社會;2014年27期

5 趙國玲;徐然;;中國刑事被害人國家救助的現(xiàn)狀、突圍與立法建構[J];福建師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2015年01期

6 趙國玲;徐然;;刑事被害人救助立法根基的比較與重構——從救助和補償?shù)母拍钪疇幷勂餥J];東南學術;2015年01期

7 王斌斌;;淺議我國刑事被害人訴訟權利保障制度[J];法制與社會;2015年06期

8 王燕鵬;;論刑事案件被害人公益救助模式的構建——以城市外來務工人員公益救助為例[J];中國檢察官;2014年09期

9 秦宗川;;我國大陸地區(qū)刑事被害人保護制度論綱[J];時代法學;2014年02期

10 楊新斌;;我國刑事被害人救助制度考察[J];湖北警官學院學報;2014年10期

相關碩士學位論文 前10條

1 彭雪娟;試論我國刑事被害人社會救助制度的完善[D];中南大學;2012年

2 李梅香;論刑事被害人救濟制度[D];湖南師范大學;2013年

3 董玉秋;我國刑事被害人國家救助制度實務研究[D];黑龍江大學;2013年

4 夏昭寰;論刑事訴訟法修正案之被害人權利保障[D];南昌大學;2013年

5 厲冬蕾;論我國性犯罪被害人二次被害的預防[D];廈門大學;2014年

6 馬玲;公訴案件刑事和解制度之完善[D];華中師范大學;2014年

7 殷悅;論我國刑事被害人國家救助制度的構建[D];華中師范大學;2014年

8 袁瑞雪;檢察環(huán)節(jié)刑事被害人救助制度研究[D];吉林大學;2014年

9 韓潤生;中國刑事被害人權利研究[D];蘭州大學;2014年

10 王芳;保辜制度對構建我國刑事被害人救助制度的啟示[D];蘭州大學;2014年

本文編號：2395855