發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-12 08:11

【摘要】：伴隨著快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展而來(lái)的是日益突出的環(huán)境問(wèn)題與糾紛,環(huán)境公益訴訟也因此成為熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,其訴訟主體資格備受關(guān)注。我國(guó)立法和司法實(shí)踐中環(huán)境公益訴訟的原告可以概括為環(huán)保行政機(jī)關(guān)、檢察院和環(huán)保團(tuán)體,三者相對(duì)比,環(huán)保團(tuán)體在公益性、訴訟能力、群眾基礎(chǔ)等方面更有優(yōu)勢(shì),能在現(xiàn)實(shí)中發(fā)揮不可忽視的作用。但是環(huán)境公益訴訟在我國(guó)的發(fā)展時(shí)間畢竟很短,環(huán)保團(tuán)體的規(guī)模也不夠龐大,其在參與訴訟時(shí)難免受到各方面的限制,希望能在借鑒域外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)我國(guó)環(huán)保團(tuán)體提起環(huán)境公益訴訟時(shí)存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。除引言和結(jié)語(yǔ)外,本文正文分五章進(jìn)行論述。第一章主要界定了環(huán)境公益訴訟的理論,并對(duì)現(xiàn)在司法實(shí)踐中的幾種原告進(jìn)行分析比對(duì)。正是基于環(huán)境公益訴訟如此特殊的性質(zhì)和特征,才需擴(kuò)展其原告,也正因?yàn)閷?duì)原告進(jìn)行了分析對(duì)比,環(huán)保團(tuán)體提起環(huán)境公益訴訟才顯得尤為合適。第二章從環(huán)保團(tuán)體的優(yōu)勢(shì)、立法依據(jù)、現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)三個(gè)方面論述環(huán)保團(tuán)體作為環(huán)境公益訴訟最優(yōu)原告的正當(dāng)性。我國(guó)正在從立法上努力完善環(huán)境公益訴訟制度,確立環(huán)保團(tuán)體作為環(huán)境公益訴訟的主體,并規(guī)定其訴訟資格。而環(huán)保團(tuán)體在推動(dòng)立法完善、促進(jìn)政府職能實(shí)現(xiàn)等方面都發(fā)揮了很大的作用。第三章是本文比較重要的部分,論述了我國(guó)環(huán)保團(tuán)體參與環(huán)境公益訴訟的司法實(shí)踐。首先筆者對(duì)環(huán)保團(tuán)體作為訴訟主體和環(huán)保法庭的接收實(shí)例的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)出環(huán)保團(tuán)體參與環(huán)境公益訴訟的幾個(gè)現(xiàn)狀；再究其原因,從立法、政府和環(huán)保團(tuán)體自身的角度分析其中存在的阻礙,表明我國(guó)環(huán)保團(tuán)體參與環(huán)境公益訴訟的難度,以期得到解決。第四章選取兩大法系中最有代表性的國(guó)家,對(duì)其立法上針對(duì)環(huán)保團(tuán)體的訴訟主體資格和資格認(rèn)定方面進(jìn)行研究,域外在環(huán)保團(tuán)體主體資格認(rèn)定方面和防止濫訴上對(duì)其資格進(jìn)行限定的做法對(duì)我國(guó)存有啟發(fā)。第五章是本文最重要的部分。立足于上文對(duì)我國(guó)立法、司法實(shí)踐的現(xiàn)狀,以及訴訟障礙的分析基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒域外在環(huán)保團(tuán)體訴訟主體資格的經(jīng)驗(yàn),在立法、政府和環(huán)保團(tuán)體自身三方面提出環(huán)保團(tuán)體在環(huán)境公益訴訟中的發(fā)展建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic development, environmental issues and disputes are increasingly prominent, environmental public interest litigation has become a hot issue, and its subject qualification has been concerned. In the legislative and judicial practice of our country, the plaintiffs of environmental public interest litigation can be summarized as environmental protection administrative organs, procuratorates and environmental protection organizations. Compared with each other, environmental protection organizations have more advantages in public welfare, litigation ability, and mass base, etc. Can play a role that can not be ignored in reality. However, the development of environmental public interest litigation in China is after all very short, and the scale of environmental protection organizations is not large enough. It is hoped that the problems existing in the environmental public interest litigation of environmental protection organizations in China can be improved on the basis of the overseas experience. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter mainly defines the theory of environmental public interest litigation, and analyzes and compares several kinds of plaintiffs in judicial practice. It is precisely because of the special nature and characteristics of environmental public interest litigation that it is necessary to expand its plaintiff, and it is precisely because of the analysis and comparison of the plaintiff that it is particularly appropriate for environmental groups to file environmental public interest litigation. The second chapter discusses the legitimacy of environmental groups as the best plaintiff in environmental public interest litigation from three aspects: the advantages of environmental groups, legislative basis and realistic basis. Our country is trying to perfect the environmental public interest litigation system from the legislation, establish the environmental protection organization as the main body of the environmental public interest litigation, and stipulate its lawsuit qualification. Environmental groups have played a great role in improving legislation and promoting the realization of government functions. The third chapter is an important part of this paper, which discusses the judicial practice of environmental groups participating in environmental public interest litigation in China. First of all, the author analyzes the data of environmental groups as the subject of litigation and the receiving examples of environmental protection courts, sums up several current situations of environmental groups' participation in environmental public interest litigation, and then investigates the reasons, from the legislation, From the angle of the government and the environmental protection organizations, the obstacles are analyzed, which indicates that it is difficult for the environmental protection organizations to participate in the environmental public interest litigation in order to be solved. The fourth chapter selects the most representative countries in the two major legal systems to study the qualification and qualification of the litigation subject of the environmental protection group in its legislation. It is enlightening for our country to limit the qualification of environmental protection organizations in the aspect of qualification of environmental protection organizations and to prevent overappeal. The fifth chapter is the most important part of this paper. Based on the analysis of the legislation, judicial practice, and the obstacles to litigation in China above, and drawing lessons from the experience of the subject qualification of the environmental protection group litigation outside the country, in the legislation, The government and environmental groups themselves put forward the development suggestions of environmental groups in environmental public interest litigation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.1

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本文編號(hào)：2265409