【摘要】：行政檢察建議是檢察機(jī)關(guān)運用檢察權(quán)監(jiān)督行政行為、預(yù)防和減少行政違法行為的一種方式。行政檢察建議作為檢察監(jiān)督的手段可以分為預(yù)防職務(wù)犯罪類的行政檢察建議、法律監(jiān)督類的行政檢察建議和訴訟參與類的行政檢察建議。 行政檢察建議制度的存在有一定的正當(dāng)性。從理論方面來看，權(quán)力制約理論要求行政權(quán)力的運行需要其他的權(quán)力體系予以制衡，這樣才能防止行政權(quán)力在運行過程中無限制的擴(kuò)張或濫用，而檢察監(jiān)督理論要求檢察機(jī)關(guān)作為我國的專門法律監(jiān)督機(jī)關(guān)，，肩負(fù)起監(jiān)督行政權(quán)運行的整個過程。從現(xiàn)行法律來看，憲法、法律、司法解釋、地方性法規(guī)和規(guī)范性法律文件都對行政檢察建議制度有所涉及，對行政檢察建議在實施過程中需要注意的問題和遵循的流程有概括式的規(guī)定，這表明行政檢察建議制度具有合法性。從現(xiàn)實狀況來看，檢察機(jī)關(guān)作為專門的法律監(jiān)督機(jī)關(guān)，對行政執(zhí)法行為的監(jiān)督主要是通過抗訴這一形式實現(xiàn)的，這種監(jiān)督方式過于單一無法滿足檢察機(jī)關(guān)的法律監(jiān)督職能，僅僅將對行政執(zhí)法行為的監(jiān)督局限于事后監(jiān)督，縮小了檢察監(jiān)督的范圍，也影響了法律監(jiān)督效率。 行政檢察建議制度經(jīng)歷了一個從建立、消失再重建的過程。對近年來行政檢察建議制度的實踐情況進(jìn)行分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)，行政檢察建議在地方檢察實踐中取得了很大的成就：行政檢察建議制發(fā)數(shù)量逐年上升，被建議的機(jī)關(guān)對行政檢察建議的回復(fù)率較高，這對規(guī)范行政機(jī)關(guān)的執(zhí)法行為、完善機(jī)關(guān)內(nèi)部的政策制度、預(yù)防職務(wù)犯罪活動起到了積極作用。但是，由于目前沒有一個統(tǒng)一的法律對行政檢察建議制度加以規(guī)范，地方檢察機(jī)關(guān)依據(jù)本地制定的工作細(xì)則，甚至依據(jù)檢察機(jī)關(guān)工作人員的主觀想法制發(fā)行政檢察建議，從而導(dǎo)致建議書在格式上不規(guī)范，監(jiān)督效果也無法得到保障。行政檢察建議作為檢察機(jī)關(guān)的法律監(jiān)督方式，缺乏相應(yīng)的配套機(jī)制，無法與其他行政監(jiān)督方式形成一個完整的監(jiān)督體系。 因此，落實行政檢察建議制度，保障行政檢察建議的實施效果，必須完善相關(guān)法律，為行政檢察建議制度提供統(tǒng)一的、具布可操作性的法律依據(jù)。對行政檢察建議的適用范圍、程序及內(nèi)容格式加以規(guī)范，完善備案制度和責(zé)任制度，建立行政檢察建議的配套機(jī)制，將行政檢察監(jiān)督與其他行政監(jiān)督方式有機(jī)結(jié)合起來，從而達(dá)到規(guī)范行政執(zhí)法行為的目的。
[Abstract]:Administrative procuratorial suggestion is a way for procuratorial organs to use procuratorial power to supervise administrative actions and to prevent and reduce administrative illegal acts. As a means of procuratorial supervision, administrative procuratorial suggestions can be divided into administrative procuratorial suggestions for the prevention of job-related crimes, administrative procuratorial suggestions for legal supervision and administrative procuratorial suggestions for litigation participation. The existence of administrative procuratorial suggestion system has some legitimacy. Theoretically, the theory of power restriction requires that the operation of administrative power should be balanced by other power systems, so as to prevent the unlimited expansion or abuse of administrative power in the course of operation. The theory of procuratorial supervision requires the procuratorial organ as the specialized legal supervision organ to shoulder the whole process of supervising the operation of administrative power. From the current law point of view, the constitution, the law, the judicial interpretation, the local regulations and the normative legal documents are all related to the system of administrative procuratorial proposals. There are some general regulations on the problems and flow of administrative procuratorial suggestion in the process of implementation, which indicates that the system of administrative procuratorial suggestion has legitimacy. Judging from the reality, the procuratorial organ, as a special legal supervision organ, mainly realizes the supervision of administrative law enforcement behavior through protest. This kind of supervision method is too single to satisfy the procuratorial organ's legal supervision function. Only the supervision of administrative law enforcement behavior is limited to ex post supervision, which reduces the scope of procuratorial supervision and affects the efficiency of legal supervision. Administrative procuratorial suggestion system has gone through a process of establishment, disappearance and reconstruction. After analyzing the practice of the administrative procuratorial suggestion system in recent years, it is found that the administrative procuratorial suggestion has made great achievements in the local procuratorial practice: the number of administrative procuratorial suggestions has increased year by year. The response rate of the suggested organs to the administrative procuratorial suggestions is high, which has played a positive role in standardizing the law enforcement behavior of the administrative organs, perfecting the internal policies and systems of the organs, and preventing the job-related crimes. However, as there is no unified law to standardize the administrative procuratorial proposal system, local procuratorial organs issue administrative procuratorial proposals according to the working rules formulated locally, or even according to the subjective ideas of the procuratorial staff. As a result, the proposal in the format is not standardized, supervision effect can not be guaranteed. As the legal supervision mode of the procuratorial organ, the administrative procuratorial suggestion lacks the corresponding supporting mechanism and can't form a complete supervision system with other administrative supervision methods. Therefore, to carry out the administrative procuratorial suggestion system and ensure the implementation effect of the administrative procuratorial suggestion, we must perfect the relevant laws and provide a unified and operable legal basis for the administrative procuratorial suggestion system. Standardizing the scope of application, procedure and content format of administrative procuratorial proposals, perfecting the filing system and responsibility system, establishing a supporting mechanism for administrative procuratorial proposals, organically combining administrative procuratorial supervision with other administrative supervision methods, In order to achieve the goal of standardizing administrative law enforcement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.3;D926.3

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