本文選題：偵查階段　切入點：公安民警　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑訊逼供作為一種古老而野蠻的訊問手段，在中國有著悠久的歷史傳統(tǒng)。從我國古代的西周開始，刑訊行為一直合法存在，直至清末才逐漸被法律所禁止。但時至今日，在我國司法實踐中刑訊逼供問題仍嚴(yán)重存在。由于刑訊逼供這一“司法頑疾”是我國實現(xiàn)程序正義和司法公正的最大障礙，也是我國構(gòu)建法治環(huán)境與和諧社會的最大阻力。因此，“禁止刑訊，保障人權(quán)”成為了我國司法人員當(dāng)前乃至未來的一項法治重任。筆者作為一名法學(xué)學(xué)子，亦應(yīng)擔(dān)起此項重任。針對我國偵查階段公安民警刑訊逼供屢禁不止的現(xiàn)狀，筆者通過參閱前人的研究成果，結(jié)合警察職務(wù)犯罪預(yù)防理論，從刑訊逼供的概念及其歷史淵源入手，仔細(xì)分析在其屢禁不止的原因及其在偵查階段與時俱變的特點，借鑒國外的成功經(jīng)驗，從而提出了系統(tǒng)全面的防范對策。具體內(nèi)容如下： 第一部分，刑訊逼供的概述。筆者從刑訊逼供的概念、歷史淵源入手，，研究中外刑訊逼供的文義解釋、歷史演進(jìn)過程，使讀者對刑訊逼供有了初步了解，并為后文展開作出鋪墊。 第二部分，刑訊逼供的司法認(rèn)定。針對我國公安民警在偵查階段，為了快速獲取口供，常常對犯罪嫌疑人、證人、違法人員（賣淫女、小偷）進(jìn)行打罵、威脅、體罰的現(xiàn)狀，筆者從刑訊逼供的表現(xiàn)形式及其特點展開分析，對刑訊逼供罪與刑訊逼供行為做出了嚴(yán)格的區(qū)分，使警察的刑訊逼供行為有了明確的定性。 第三部分，刑訊逼供的原因。刑訊逼供問題是一個復(fù)雜的問題，其屢禁不止的原因也是多方面的。筆者在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，參考警察職務(wù)犯罪的原因，結(jié)合我國警察刑訊逼供的現(xiàn)狀，從客觀原因（政治因素、經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、文化因素、環(huán)境因素、管理因素、制度因素）與主觀原因（思想因素、文化素質(zhì)因素、心理因素）兩大方面對我國刑訊逼供屢禁不止的原因進(jìn)行全面的分析論述，為后文制定刑訊逼供的防范對策奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 第四部分，防范刑訊逼供的對策。筆者針對我國警察刑訊逼供的特點、原因，借鑒國外的成功經(jīng)驗，從權(quán)利保障、權(quán)利救濟(jì)、權(quán)力制約、警察監(jiān)督、警察整風(fēng)五方面提出防范建議，從而為我國“遏制刑訊、保障人權(quán)”的法治建設(shè)提供了嶄新的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Extorting confessions by torture, as an ancient and barbarous means of interrogation, has a long historical tradition in China. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty in ancient China, torture has been lawful until the end of the Qing Dynasty, but it has been prohibited by law until the end of the Qing Dynasty. In the judicial practice of our country, the problem of extorting confessions by torture is still serious. As the "judicial malady" of extorting confessions by torture is the biggest obstacle to the realization of procedural justice and judicial justice in our country. Therefore, "forbidding torture and protecting human rights" has become an important task for our judicial personnel to rule by law at present and even in the future. In view of the current situation of the police in the investigation stage of our country, the author begins with the concept and historical origin of extorting confessions by torture by referring to the previous research results and combining with the theory of police duty crime prevention. This paper carefully analyzes the causes of repeated prohibition and its changing characteristics in the investigation stage, draws lessons from the successful experience of foreign countries, and puts forward systematic and comprehensive preventive countermeasures. The specific contents are as follows:. The first part is an overview of extorting confessions by torture. The author begins with the concept and historical origin of extorting confessions by torture, studies the interpretation of the literal meaning and historical evolution of confessions by torture at home and abroad, and makes readers have a preliminary understanding of extorting confessions by torture. And to lay the groundwork for later development. The second part, judicial cognizance of extorting confessions by torture. In order to obtain confessions quickly, in order to obtain confessions quickly, the police officers of our country often beat and scolded, threatened and corporal punishment the suspects, witnesses, lawbreakers (prostitution women, thieves) in the investigation stage. Based on the analysis of the forms and characteristics of extorting confessions by torture, the author makes a strict distinction between the crime of extorting confessions by torture and the behaviors of extorting confessions by torture, which makes the behavior of extorting confessions by torture clear qualitative. The third part, the reasons of extorting confessions by torture. The problem of extorting confessions by torture is a complex problem, and the reasons for repeated prohibition are also various. The author, on the basis of previous studies, refers to the causes of crimes committed by police officers. Combined with the current situation of police extortion of confessions by torture in China, the objective reasons (political factor, economic factor, cultural factor, environmental factor, management factor, institutional factor) and subjective reason (ideological factor, cultural quality factor) are analyzed. Psychological factors) two aspects of our country to torture the reasons for repeated prohibition of the comprehensive analysis of the future for the formulation of preventive measures for torture of confessions laid a foundation. In the fourth part, the author aims at the characteristics and reasons of police extorting confessions by torture in our country, draws lessons from the successful experience of foreign countries, from the rights guarantee, the right relief, the power restriction, the police supervision, The five aspects of the police rectification movement put forward preventive suggestions, thus providing a new theoretical basis for the rule of law construction of "containing torture and protecting human rights" in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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