發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-07 08:39

  本文選題：網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和電子通信技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)也以難以想象的速度發(fā)展起來。網(wǎng)絡(luò)給人們生活帶來了前所未有的便利,也給經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來了重大的發(fā)展機(jī)遇和無法想象的商業(yè)利益。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界缺乏成熟的商業(yè)習(xí)慣,網(wǎng)絡(luò)法律滯后,在巨額商業(yè)利益的誘惑下,各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)違法行為層出不窮,給反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法造成了巨大的沖擊。 本文第一部分對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點(diǎn)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的關(guān)系做了分析,同時(shí)介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)面臨的問題。首先,由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的虛擬性、自由性、匿名性等特點(diǎn),使得網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的行為主體、行為特點(diǎn)都與傳統(tǒng)的不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為有很大不同,導(dǎo)致了反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法在網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界的適用困難；其次,反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法在制定之初參考國外模式采取了列舉式結(jié)構(gòu),在適用上雖然具有明確具體的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但同時(shí)也留下了滯后性的弊端。這是網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為蔓延的兩大根源。此外,《反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法》在對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為進(jìn)行法律規(guī)制中與各部門法缺乏配合,《反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法》一般條款不完善；行政監(jiān)管技術(shù)落后,監(jiān)管能力不足；網(wǎng)絡(luò)法治觀念不足等也影響著網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為法律規(guī)制的效果。 本文第二部分針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界的發(fā)展對(duì)反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法的巨大沖擊,從對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為進(jìn)行法律規(guī)制的必要性入手分析,論述網(wǎng)絡(luò)反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的法理基礎(chǔ)。雖然自由性是網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最為突出的特點(diǎn),但是除了自由之外,秩序是文明社會(huì)存在的另一基石,自由在文明社會(huì)中是有界限的,任何自由都是法律限度內(nèi)的自由,超出這個(gè)法律秩序界限便不能稱之為自由是權(quán)利濫用。法律便是這種秩序價(jià)值的提供者。在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的法治需要和網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界的秩序價(jià)值缺失的共同作用下產(chǎn)生了對(duì)法律干預(yù)的必然需求。民商法的權(quán)利——義務(wù)模式調(diào)整個(gè)體的私益,而在私益至上的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境當(dāng)中,靠個(gè)體各自私益的追求來完成社會(huì)公益的保護(hù)和實(shí)現(xiàn)市場(chǎng)的最優(yōu)資源配置是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。需要以協(xié)調(diào)個(gè)休營利性和社會(huì)公益性矛盾為價(jià)值追求的經(jīng)濟(jì)法的介入,在民商事法律調(diào)整之后對(duì)市場(chǎng)加以必要的干預(yù),以實(shí)現(xiàn)公共利益和個(gè)體利益的平衡以及資源最優(yōu)配置的目標(biāo)。因此,網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界的法律調(diào)整離不開經(jīng)濟(jì)法的干預(yù)。 本文第三部分對(duì)熱點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為展開論述,主要分析域名、網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈接、惡意軟件這三種不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的規(guī)制現(xiàn)狀和存在問題。對(duì)域名、網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈按、惡意軟件不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的法律規(guī)制面臨著行為主體的認(rèn)定、反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法列舉缺失、損害數(shù)額難以確定等問題。在域名不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為規(guī)制中存在著商標(biāo)法適用不足的問題；在網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈接不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為規(guī)制中存在著著作權(quán)法規(guī)制協(xié)調(diào)問題；在惡意軟件不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的法律規(guī)制中存在著軟件性質(zhì)認(rèn)定和軟件專業(yè)性與鑒定手段落后之間的矛盾。 本文第四部分針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的規(guī)制現(xiàn)狀,提出了幾點(diǎn)思考和建議。首先,從立法上采取“主法+單行法”的立法模式；同時(shí)要從基本原則、行為主體、主觀方面、客觀方面、危害結(jié)果五個(gè)方面完善我國反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法的一般條款。其次,從行政監(jiān)管層面上實(shí)行分層次分類型監(jiān)管,通力合作,實(shí)現(xiàn)無縫監(jiān)管；同時(shí)建立監(jiān)管數(shù)據(jù)庫,實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)管共享；還要開發(fā)監(jiān)管軟件,提高監(jiān)管人員的業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)。再次,要采用網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢索、網(wǎng)絡(luò)彈窗控制、網(wǎng)絡(luò)簽名、ASP等多種技術(shù)手段防范網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為。最后,在完善立法的同時(shí),要加強(qiáng)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)從業(yè)人員的法治宣傳教育,轉(zhuǎn)變被動(dòng)守法,鉆法律漏洞的陋習(xí),提高依法經(jīng)營誠信經(jīng)營的能力。同時(shí)針對(duì)域名、網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈接、惡意軟件不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)分別提出立法和監(jiān)管建議。 針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的完善工作無疑是浩大的,不是一朝一夕之間可以完成,可能要經(jīng)歷十年甚至更長時(shí)間來完成。此時(shí)難以做到高屋建瓴,面面俱到。文中的不當(dāng)之處還請(qǐng)各位老師指正
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology and electronic communication technology, the Internet has also developed at an unimaginable speed. The network has brought unprecedented convenience to people's life. It also brings great opportunities for development and unimaginable commercial interests for economic development. Because the network world lacks mature commercial habits and network law. Lagging behind, under the temptation of huge commercial interests, various network violations have emerged one after another, which has caused a great impact on the anti unfair competition law.
The first part of this paper makes an analysis of the characteristics of the network and the relationship between the unfair competition of the network. At the same time, it introduces the problems faced by the network anti unfair competition. First, because of the characteristics of the network's virtuality, freedom and anonymity, the behavior owners and the behavior characteristics of the network unfair competition behavior are all with the traditional unfair competition behavior. Great differences have led to the difficulties in the application of Anti Unfair Competition Law in the network world. Secondly, the anti unfair competition law has taken an enumerated structure to refer to the foreign model at the beginning of the formulation. Although it has clear and concrete advantages in its application, it has also left behind the malpractice of lag. This is the two root of the spread of the unfair competition behavior of the network. In addition, "Anti Unfair Competition Law" is lacking in coordination with various departments law in the legal regulation of unfair competition behavior in the network, "Anti Unfair Competition Law" is not perfect in general terms, the administrative supervision technology is backward, the supervision ability is insufficient, and the lack of the concept of network rule of law also affects the effect of legal regulation of the unfair competition behavior of the network.
The second part of this paper, aiming at the great impact of the development of the Internet world on the anti unfair competition law, analyzes the necessity of legal regulation of the unfair competition behavior of the network, and discusses the legal basis of the network anti unfair competition. Although freedom is the most prominent feature of the network, the order is a civilized society besides freedom. The other cornerstone that will exist is that freedom is bounded in the civilized society. Any freedom is freedom within the limits of the law. Beyond the limits of this legal order, freedom can not be called the abuse of freedom. The law is the provider of the value of this order. In the modern society, the rule of law needs to be combined with the lack of the order value of the network world. There is an inevitable demand for legal intervention. The rights and obligations of civil and commercial law adjust the private interests of the individual. In the market environment where the private interests are supreme, it is impossible to realize the protection of social public welfare and the optimal allocation of the market by the pursuit of individual private interests. The contradiction of public welfare is the intervention of the economic law of value pursuit, and the necessary intervention is made to the market after the adjustment of civil and commercial law in order to achieve the balance of public interest and individual interests and the goal of optimal allocation of resources. Therefore, the legal adjustment of the Internet world can not be separated from the intervention of economic law.
The third part of this paper discusses the unfair competition behavior of hot network, mainly analyzes the regulation status and existing problems of the three unfair competition behaviors of domain name, network link and malware. The legal regulation of the domain name, network chain, and malware unfair competition behavior is faced with the identification of the behavior subject, and the anti unfair competition law is listed. In the regulation of the unfair competition behavior of the domain name, there is a problem of the lack of trademark law in the regulation of the unfair competition behavior of the domain name; there is a problem of the regulation and coordination of copyright law in the regulation of the unfair competition behavior of the network link; and there is a software nature identification and soft law in the legal regulation of the malware unfair competition behavior. The contradiction between the professionalism and the backwardness of the means of identification.
The fourth part of this article, aiming at the current regulation of the unfair competition behavior of the network, puts forward some thoughts and suggestions. First, we should adopt the legislative model of "the main law and the single line" from the legislation; at the same time, we should improve the general provisions of the anti unfair competition law of China from the five aspects of the basic principles, the subject, the subjective aspect, the objective aspect and the harm result. Secondly, from the level of administrative supervision, we should carry out the Hierarchical Subdivision type supervision, cooperate fully and realize seamless supervision, establish the supervision database, realize the supervision sharing, and develop the supervision software to improve the quality of the supervisor's business. Again, we should adopt the network retrieval, the network window control, the network signature, the ASP and other technical means to guard against the net. At the same time, while perfecting the legislation, we should strengthen the publicity and education of the rule of law for the employees of the network, change the passive law-abiding, drill the bad habits of the legal loopholes, and improve the ability to manage the credit management according to law. At the same time, the legislation and supervision suggestions are put forward to the domain name, network link, and malware unfair competition.
It is no doubt that the perfect work for the unfair competition behavior of the network is great. It can not be completed overnight. It may take ten years or even longer to complete. It is difficult to achieve a strategically advantageous position.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D922.294

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