發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 19:03

【摘要】：為避免因勞動(dòng)者離職而損害企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)利益,用人單位大多會(huì)在勞動(dòng)合同中增加競(jìng)業(yè)禁止條款,以此來保護(hù)企業(yè)的商業(yè)秘密,在一定意義上可以說競(jìng)業(yè)禁止制度是企業(yè)保護(hù)商業(yè)秘密的一種重要手段。不過,隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展及國(guó)民法律意識(shí)的覺醒與提升,圍繞競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議的效力、履行和違約責(zé)任承擔(dān),實(shí)踐中發(fā)生了大量糾紛。本文重點(diǎn)探討司法實(shí)務(wù)中所面臨的競(jìng)業(yè)補(bǔ)償金條款爭(zhēng)議,包括三個(gè)方面,即未約定競(jìng)業(yè)補(bǔ)償金條款對(duì)合同效力的影響,約定的競(jìng)業(yè)補(bǔ)償金條款在給付標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、方式和時(shí)間上不符合法律規(guī)定時(shí)對(duì)合同效力的影響,以及約定的競(jìng)業(yè)補(bǔ)償金條款不履行時(shí)的法律后果。通過對(duì)立法規(guī)范、司法實(shí)務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、理論研究以及域外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的分析,指出只有有效辨識(shí)糾紛背后的勞動(dòng)者就業(yè)權(quán)和企業(yè)商業(yè)秘密權(quán)之間的價(jià)值沖突和平衡,才能妥善解決這類爭(zhēng)議,提出如下三個(gè)觀點(diǎn):第一,是否約定競(jìng)業(yè)禁止補(bǔ)償金條款不影響該競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議的整體效力;第二,競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議約定的經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償金金額標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、支付方式違反強(qiáng)制性法律規(guī)定,或企業(yè)未實(shí)際依法支付補(bǔ)償金不影響該競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議整體效力;第三,單位未依法履行支付補(bǔ)償金義務(wù)不能成為離職員工的抗辯理由。用人單位與勞動(dòng)者的關(guān)系平衡決定了競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議司法處理上的特殊性,體現(xiàn)出不同于一般合同處理的特點(diǎn)。對(duì)競(jìng)業(yè)補(bǔ)償金糾紛中競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議效力的研究,既有利于減少司法實(shí)踐中該類糾紛同案不同判的不合理現(xiàn)象,也有利于理清深化理論界對(duì)競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議效力認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文第一部分概括介紹三個(gè)關(guān)于違反競(jìng)業(yè)協(xié)議糾紛的三個(gè)案例案情及判決情況,同時(shí)歸納并總結(jié)出其中的爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)。本文第二部分主要是通過以上案件的爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)所引出的法理分析,主要對(duì)競(jìng)業(yè)禁止制度的概況介紹、競(jìng)業(yè)禁止制度的現(xiàn)狀分析以及競(jìng)業(yè)禁止補(bǔ)償金對(duì)競(jìng)業(yè)禁止糾紛處理的影響等幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析。本文第三部分主要為由以上案例及相關(guān)法理分析引導(dǎo)出的啟示及結(jié)論,主要提出我國(guó)應(yīng)逐步完善競(jìng)業(yè)禁止制度,同時(shí)更加注重企業(yè)商業(yè)秘密保護(hù)與勞動(dòng)者就業(yè)權(quán)保障之間的利益平衡。
[Abstract]:In order to avoid the competitive interests of the enterprise because of the workers' turnover, most employers will increase the prohibition clause in the labor contract so as to protect the business secret of the enterprise. In a sense, it can be said that the prohibition of business competition is an important part of the business protection of business secrets. The awakening and promotion of national legal consciousness, around the effectiveness of the competition agreement, performance and liability for breach of contract, there have been a lot of disputes in practice. This paper focuses on the dispute of the compensation clause in the judicial practice, including three aspects, that is, the effect of the non competition compensation clause on the validity of the contract and the agreed competition compensation. The terms and conditions are not in conformity with the legal provisions on the effect of the contract on the validity of the contract and the legal consequences of the non performance of the contractual compensation clause. Through the analysis of the legislative norms, the judicial practice standard, the theoretical study and the extraterritorial experience, it is pointed out that the workers' right to employment and the enterprise behind the dispute can be identified effectively. The value conflict and balance between business secret rights can solve such disputes properly. Three points of view are put forward as follows: first, whether the terms of the prohibition of competition compensation do not affect the overall effectiveness of the competition agreement; second, the amount of economic compensation stipulated in the competition agreement is subject to the standard, the payment method is contrary to the mandatory law, or the enterprise is not. The actual payment of compensation in accordance with the law does not affect the overall effectiveness of the competition agreement; third, the failure of the unit to perform the payment of compensation in accordance with the law can not be the reason for the demur of the employee. The balance of the relationship between the employer and the worker determines the particularity of the judicial treatment of the competition agreement, which is different from the characteristics of the general contract treatment. The study of the validity of the competition agreement in the dispute settlement is beneficial to reducing the unreasonable phenomena of the different cases of the same case in the judicial practice, and also helping to clarify the standard of determining the validity of the competition agreement in the deepening of the theoretical circles. The first part of this article briefly introduces three cases and verdicts about the three cases of violating the dispute of the competition agreement. The second part of this paper is mainly the legal analysis derived from the focus of the disputes over the above cases, mainly on the introduction of the competition prohibition system, the analysis of the status of the prohibition of competition and the impact of the prohibition of competition on the treatment of the dispute over competition. The third part is mainly the inspiration and conclusion which is guided by the above cases and the relevant legal analysis. It is mainly proposed that China should gradually improve the system of competition prohibition, and pay more attention to the balance of interests between the protection of business secret and the protection of the workers' right to employment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.5

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本文編號(hào)：2130633