本文選題：廣東省 + 經濟增長�。� 參考：《華南理工大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文從要素分配的角度分析了廣東省經濟增長過程中，勞動者報酬占GDP的比例變動的情況。首先，簡要分析了從1978年以來，廣東省經濟增長概況，發(fā)現，GDP高速增長，其增速要快于人均收入以及人均GDP的增速，產業(yè)結構也在發(fā)生變化。其次，將廣東省勞動收入占比與我國整體情況以及國外部分發(fā)達國家的勞動收入占比的情況進行了比較。發(fā)現國外發(fā)達國家的勞動收入占比總體變動趨勢都比較穩(wěn)定，波動不大，而且發(fā)達國家的勞動收入占比相對于我國來說比較高，我國的勞動收入占比與廣東省的勞動收入占比變動情況比較相似，總體趨勢是下降的。接著，分析了勞動收入占比下降的影響，主要是降低了居民可支配收入和最終消費對GDP的貢獻率。然后，本文分別從產業(yè)機構、資本有機構成、勞動法以及目前的勞動力市場情況對勞動收入占比變動進行了分析。結果發(fā)現，，產業(yè)結構的變動會減少勞動收入占比，但是其作用主要是產業(yè)內效應，也就是每個產業(yè)內勞動收入占比的變化，而產業(yè)間效應的作用比較小。資本有機構成的提高也會減少勞動收入占比，這個大概有一半的解釋力度說明勞動收入占比下降。這與中國以及廣東省的經濟發(fā)展模式聯(lián)系非常緊密，就是高投資，凈出口，造就了經濟的高速增長。目前中國的相關勞動法，無論是涉及的范圍還是執(zhí)行力度都有待提高，在保護勞動者利益力度有待加強。這一方面也會影響勞動者與資本所有者的談判能力。最后，中國是典型的二元經濟，城鎮(zhèn)化水平還不高，農村還有大量的剩余勞動力，工業(yè)化還不能完全吸收這些勞動力，這就造成了勞動力市場嚴重的供過于求，這會直接影響勞動者的工資，從而影響勞動收入占比，另外，高等教育的擴招導致了大學畢業(yè)生的“畢業(yè)就等于失業(yè)”這種尷尬情況，造成了勞動力市場的結構失衡，不利于勞動收入占比的提高。 根據本文分析，提出相關的政策建議，政府在制定相關政策和法律方面要著重考慮勞動者的利益。轉變經濟發(fā)展方式，要提高最終消費占國民經濟的比重，就要提高勞動收入占比，才能使經濟良好持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the change of the proportion of labor compensation to GDP in the process of economic growth in Guangdong Province from the angle of factor distribution. Firstly, this paper briefly analyzes the economic growth of Guangdong Province since 1978, and finds that the growth rate of GDP is faster than that of per capita income and per capita GDP, and the industrial structure is also changing. Secondly, the proportion of labor income in Guangdong Province is compared with that of our country as a whole and that of some developed countries. It is found that the overall changing trend of the proportion of labor income in developed countries is relatively stable, with little fluctuation, and the proportion of labor income in developed countries is relatively high compared with that of our country. The proportion of labor income in China is similar to that in Guangdong Province, and the general trend is decreasing. Then, the paper analyzes the impact of the decline of labor income, mainly reducing the contribution of disposable income and final consumption to GDP. Then, this paper analyzes the change of labor income ratio from industrial organization, capital organic composition, labor law and current labor market situation. The result shows that the change of industrial structure will reduce the proportion of labor income, but its function is mainly intra-industry effect, that is, the change of labor income ratio in each industry, but the effect of inter-industry effect is relatively small. An increase in the organic composition of capital would also reduce the share of labour income, which is explained by roughly half the explanation. This is closely linked to the economic models of China and Guangdong Province, where high investment and net exports have created rapid economic growth. At present, China's relevant labor laws, whether related to the scope or enforcement of the need to improve, in the protection of workers' interests need to be strengthened. This will also affect the ability of workers and capital owners to negotiate. Finally, China is a typical dual economy. The level of urbanization is not yet high, and there are still a large number of surplus labor forces in rural areas. Industrialization has not yet fully absorbed these labor forces. This has resulted in a serious oversupply of labor market. This will directly affect the wages of workers, thus affecting the proportion of labor income. In addition, the expansion of higher education enrollment has led to the embarrassing situation of college graduates that "graduation equals unemployment," resulting in an imbalance in the structure of the labour market. It is not conducive to the increase of the share of labor income. According to the analysis of this paper, the government should pay more attention to the interests of workers in formulating relevant policies and laws. To change the mode of economic development, to increase the proportion of final consumption in the national economy, we must increase the proportion of labor income in order to make the economy develop well and continuously.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F249.24;F127

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