【摘要】：正如英國法律史學(xué)家梅特蘭所言:信托制度是英國人在法律領(lǐng)域取得的最偉大成就。信托制度自出現(xiàn)之后,逐漸被英美法系,乃至大陸法系大部分國家所運(yùn)用。時(shí)至今日,信托在現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中起著越來越重要的作用,與銀行業(yè)、證券業(yè)、保險(xiǎn)業(yè)共同成為現(xiàn)代金融業(yè)的組成部分。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,財(cái)產(chǎn)類型的多樣化,信托運(yùn)用的范圍也在不斷擴(kuò)大,在推動(dòng)國家社會(huì)發(fā)展中的作用日益凸顯。作為信托的重要組成部分——慈善信托,對(duì)各國慈善事業(yè)和公益事業(yè)的發(fā)展起了推動(dòng)作用。當(dāng)然,同民事信托、商事信托一樣,受托人在慈善信托法律關(guān)系中處于中心地位:受托人對(duì)受托義務(wù)的履行程度直接關(guān)系到委托人信托目的實(shí)現(xiàn)和受益人權(quán)利的保障;也關(guān)乎慈善事業(yè)的健康發(fā)展和國家、社會(huì)公共利益的實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此,強(qiáng)化和完善慈善信托受托人義務(wù)十分必要。本文主要有三大部分組成:引言、正文和結(jié)論。在正文部分:首先,論述慈善信托起源和發(fā)展;其次,結(jié)合近年來我國慈善事業(yè)的發(fā)展,對(duì)慈善信托做出進(jìn)一步論述。同時(shí)對(duì)慈善信托受托人義務(wù)的來源從理論層面予以分析,確定在慈善信托中受托人義務(wù)范圍;再次,從立法層面和實(shí)踐層面,選擇我國慈善信托受托人義務(wù)存在的四個(gè)突出問題,對(duì)受托人資格規(guī)定、受托人義務(wù)內(nèi)容規(guī)定、受托人監(jiān)管方面以及受托人法律責(zé)任方面著重分析。最后,考察國外其他國家有關(guān)慈善信托受托人義務(wù)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn),立足于我國實(shí)際,提出了較為完善的建議,以期促進(jìn)我國慈善信托健康運(yùn)行,推動(dòng)社會(huì)慈善事業(yè)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As Maitland, an English legal historian, said: trust is the greatest British achievement in the field of law. Since the emergence of trust system, it has gradually been used in most countries of Anglo-American law system and even civil law system. Nowadays, trust plays a more and more important role in the development of modern economy. Together with banking, securities and insurance, trust has become an integral part of modern financial industry. With the continuous development of economy, the diversification of property types, the scope of trust application is also expanding, which plays an increasingly prominent role in promoting national social development. As an important part of trust-Charitable Trust plays an important role in the development of philanthropy and public welfare in various countries. Of course, like civil trust and commercial trust, trustee is in the central position in the legal relationship of charitable trust: the degree of fiduciary obligation is directly related to the realization of trust purpose and the protection of beneficiary's rights; Also related to the healthy development of philanthropy and the country, the realization of the public interest. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and perfect the fiduciary duty of charitable trust. There are three main parts in this paper: introduction, text and conclusion. In the main part: first, the origin and development of charitable trust; secondly, combined with the development of philanthropy in recent years, charity trust to make a further discussion. At the same time, it analyzes the source of the fiduciary obligation of charitable trust from the theoretical level, determines the scope of the fiduciary obligation in the charitable trust; thirdly, from the legislative level and the practical level, This paper selects the four outstanding problems existing in the fiduciary duty of charitable trust in China, analyzes the qualification of the trustee, the content of the fiduciary obligation, the supervision of the trustee and the legal liability of the trustee. Finally, based on the experience of other countries in China, the author puts forward some more perfect suggestions in order to promote the healthy operation of charitable trust in China and promote the development of social charity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.282

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本文編號(hào)：2241997