本文選題：城市規(guī)劃 + 公眾參與��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市規(guī)劃是為了達(dá)成階段性的城市發(fā)展目標(biāo),在綜合考慮城市規(guī)模、定位的基礎(chǔ)上,所進(jìn)行的高效利用有限的城市土地資源、合理劃分城市功能區(qū)、統(tǒng)籌管理具體建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的一系列活動。城市規(guī)劃是對土地私權(quán)設(shè)置的公法限制,城市規(guī)劃權(quán)是一項(xiàng)典型的行政權(quán)力,權(quán)力天生具有膨脹性,因此有必要引入公眾參與機(jī)制對此進(jìn)行監(jiān)督和制約。現(xiàn)階段,我國城市規(guī)劃仍為“政府主導(dǎo)型”模式,短命建筑、釘子戶、違法拆遷上訪事件時(shí)有發(fā)生,公眾實(shí)際上處于無參與或者形式參與的狀態(tài)。因此,我們應(yīng)回顧我國公眾參與城市規(guī)劃的現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī),明確并肯定目前為止在公眾參與領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行的積極探索,同時(shí)也應(yīng)在與西方發(fā)達(dá)國家相比較的情況下看到我國在該領(lǐng)域的不足之處,并提出完善建議。如何發(fā)揮公眾參與在制約規(guī)劃權(quán)力、提升規(guī)劃方案科學(xué)性民主性中的作用,是本文需要探討的問題。本文主要運(yùn)用了規(guī)范分析、歷史考察、比較借鑒、實(shí)證分析的研究方法,首先從公眾參與和城市規(guī)劃的概念分別著手,提取出了公眾參與城市規(guī)劃的概念,然后針對這一概念,挖掘出了背后深層次的法理基礎(chǔ),即參與式民主理論與權(quán)利對權(quán)力的制約理論。本文繼而從國內(nèi)角度,對公眾參與城市規(guī)劃的中央與地方法律現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了反思,并對“武漢大學(xué)爆破教學(xué)樓”與“揚(yáng)州市古城保護(hù)”兩個(gè)法律事件進(jìn)行了法律分析,肯定了公眾參與有約束規(guī)劃權(quán)力、維護(hù)公共利益、保障程序正義的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。接下來,本文重點(diǎn)分析了英國“中央政府主導(dǎo)模式”與美國“羈束為主裁量為輔”模式的先進(jìn)立法與實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),得出了對我國的啟示,即成熟的公眾參與城市規(guī)劃機(jī)制應(yīng)具備參與主體明確且組織化程度高、參與方式靈活多樣、參與程序具有可操作性、參與效力強(qiáng)、救濟(jì)手段完備這五個(gè)特性,我國公眾參與城市規(guī)劃的機(jī)制與西方發(fā)達(dá)國家相比,在以上幾個(gè)方面都存在著欠缺。最后,本文結(jié)合西方發(fā)達(dá)國家的立法與實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),并從我國自身國情出發(fā),從參與主體、參與方式、參與程序、參與效力、救濟(jì)手段等方面,對我國公眾參與城市規(guī)劃提出了完善建議,以期公眾參與制度能真正在城市規(guī)劃領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮現(xiàn)實(shí)作用。
[Abstract]:Urban planning is to achieve the stage of urban development goals, on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the size of the city, positioning, the efficient use of limited urban land resources, rational division of urban functional areas, A series of activities for the overall management of specific construction projects. Urban planning is a public law restriction to the private rights of land. The right of urban planning is a typical administrative power, and the power is inherently inflated, so it is necessary to introduce the mechanism of public participation to supervise and restrict it. At present, the urban planning of our country is still "government-oriented" mode, short-lived buildings, nail households, illegal demolition and petition events occur from time to time, and the public is actually in the state of no participation or formal participation. Therefore, we should review the existing laws and regulations governing public participation in urban planning and identify and affirm the positive exploration undertaken so far in the field of public participation, At the same time, we should also see the shortcomings of our country in this field and put forward some suggestions. How to play the role of public participation in restricting the planning power and enhancing the scientific and democratic nature of the planning scheme is a problem to be discussed in this paper. This paper mainly uses the research methods of normative analysis, historical investigation, comparative study and empirical analysis. Firstly, it extracts the concept of public participation in urban planning from the concepts of public participation and urban planning, and then aims at this concept. It excavates the deep legal foundation, namely participatory democracy theory and power restriction theory. From the domestic point of view, this paper reflects on the current situation of the central and local laws of public participation in urban planning, and makes a legal analysis of the two legal events of "blasting Teaching Building of Wuhan University" and "Protection of the Ancient City of Yangzhou City". It affirms the practical significance of public participation in constrained planning power, safeguarding public interests and safeguarding procedural justice. Then, this paper focuses on the analysis of the advanced legislation and practical experience of the "central government leading mode" in Britain and the "restraint based on discretion as auxiliary" model in the United States, and draws the enlightenment to our country. That is, the mature mechanism of public participation in urban planning should have the five characteristics of clear and highly organized participants, flexible and diverse ways of participation, maneuverability of participation procedures, strong effectiveness of participation, and complete relief means. Compared with the western developed countries, the mechanism of public participation in urban planning in China is deficient in the above aspects. Finally, this paper combines the legislative and practical experience of western developed countries, and from our own national conditions, from the participation of the main body, participation methods, participation procedures, participation effectiveness, relief means and so on. This paper puts forward some suggestions for public participation in urban planning in order that the system of public participation can really play a practical role in the field of urban planning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.297

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