本文選題：打車軟件 + 政府監(jiān)管�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,便利人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊劳杏诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)信息科技的新興行業(yè)不斷產(chǎn)生。自2013年初起,打車軟件進(jìn)入出租車市場,這種“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”新業(yè)態(tài)一經(jīng)出現(xiàn)便因其高效便利的優(yōu)勢風(fēng)靡全國。然而雖然打車軟件的出現(xiàn)改變了人們的出行方式,給人們帶來了便利,但同時也產(chǎn)生了很多不容忽視的問題,如打車軟件給不會使用智能手機(jī)的人們帶來了新的不公平,司機(jī)擅自加價挑客損害顧客的利益,在機(jī)場、火車站等場所使用打車軟件以及一些黑車借助打車軟件拉客一定程度上擾亂了出租車運營、管理秩序,存在安全隱患等。鑒于此,地方政府紛紛采取不同的規(guī)制手段來監(jiān)管打車軟件市場,這使游走于法律邊緣的打車軟件定性不明確。2015年10月交通運輸部對通過公布的《關(guān)于深化改革進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)出租汽車行業(yè)健康發(fā)展的指導(dǎo)意見》(征求意見稿)和《網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租汽車經(jīng)營服務(wù)管理暫行辦法》(征求意見稿)力圖對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)專車監(jiān)管做出統(tǒng)一指導(dǎo),但由于兩份征求意見稿引起很大社會爭議,至今尚未出臺,所以目前并沒有全國性的法律法規(guī)來規(guī)制打車軟件市場。另一方面,雖然各地政府在不同程度上對打車軟件采取過一定的監(jiān)管措施,但無論在合法性上還是在合理性都存在很多問題,如監(jiān)管不合法、監(jiān)管尺度過大等,不僅會影響打車軟件自身的發(fā)展,而且不利于“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”在其他領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新與融合,宏觀來看不利于市場進(jìn)步。本文通過規(guī)范分析和比較分析的研究方法,從打車軟件監(jiān)管現(xiàn)狀入手,對我國打車軟件監(jiān)管模式存在的弊端做了詳細(xì)分析,并結(jié)合域外監(jiān)管模式,試圖找出適合打車軟件這種“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”新業(yè)態(tài)的規(guī)制方式。本文除了引言和結(jié)語之外包括五部分：第一部分主要介紹了打車軟件的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及其存在的現(xiàn)實功能與法律風(fēng)險,對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)專車的法律性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了分析,此外還對政府監(jiān)管打車軟件的必要性進(jìn)行了分析。第二部分是對我國打車軟件監(jiān)管模式的介紹,對打車軟件兩種不同的服務(wù)模式分別做出了詳細(xì)介紹,并從合理性角度對各監(jiān)管模式進(jìn)行了分析評價。第三部分主要介紹了四個國家的打車軟件規(guī)制模式,并總結(jié)了三點有助于完善我國監(jiān)管制度的建議。第四部分通過對打車軟件各監(jiān)管模式的分析,主要在監(jiān)管尺度、具體監(jiān)管措施、政策合法性方面總結(jié)出了五點政府在監(jiān)管中存在的弊端。第五部分通過對打車軟件自身問題及政府監(jiān)管模式的詳細(xì)分析,在如何監(jiān)管打車軟件這個問題上提出了五點監(jiān)管建議。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of Internet information technology, the emerging industries which facilitate people's daily life rely on Internet information technology are emerging constantly. Since the beginning of 2013, ride-hailing software has entered the taxi market, the "Internet" as soon as the emergence of a new format because of its advantages of efficiency and convenience swept the country. However, although the emergence of ride-hailing software has changed the way people travel and brought convenience to people, there are also many problems that can not be ignored, such as the fact that ride-hailing software has brought new unfairness to people who cannot use smart phones. Drivers do harm to the interests of customers by using taxi hailing software in airports, railway stations and some black cars with the help of ride-hailing software to a certain extent to disturb taxi operation, management order, safety risks and so on. In view of this, local governments have adopted different regulatory measures to regulate the market for ride-hailing software. This makes the characterization of ride-hailing software on the fringes of the law unclear. In October 2015, the Ministry of Transport issued guidelines on deepening Reform to further promote the healthy Development of the Taxi Industry (draft for comments) and < Interim measures for the Administration of online booking Taxi Business Services (draft for soliciting opinions) strive to give unified guidance to the supervision of Internet special cars, But there is no national law to regulate the market for ride-hailing software because of the controversy over the two drafts, which have yet to be published. On the other hand, although local governments have adopted certain regulatory measures on taxi hailing software to varying degrees, there are many problems in terms of both legality and reasonableness, such as illegal regulation, excessive regulatory scale, and so on. It will not only affect the development of ride-hailing software itself, but also the innovation and integration of "Internet" in other fields. In this paper, through normative analysis and comparative analysis of research methods, starting from the current situation of taxi software supervision, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the drawbacks of China's taxi software regulatory model, and combines with the extraterritorial regulatory model. This paper tries to find out how to regulate the new form of "internet" which is suitable for taxi-hailing software. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper includes five parts: the first part mainly introduces the current situation of the development of the ride-hailing software and its practical functions and legal risks, and analyzes the legal nature of the Internet special car. In addition, the necessity of government regulation of ride-hailing software is also analyzed. The second part is the introduction of the regulation mode of the taxi hailing software in our country. The two different service modes of the ride-hailing software are introduced in detail and analyzed and evaluated from the point of view of rationality. The third part mainly introduces the four countries' regulation mode of taxi-hailing software, and summarizes three suggestions which are helpful to improve the regulation system of our country. The fourth part through the analysis of the taxi software regulatory model, mainly in the regulatory scale, specific regulatory measures, policy legitimacy, summed up the five-point government in the supervision of the shortcomings. In the fifth part, through the detailed analysis of the problems of the ride-hailing software itself and the mode of government supervision, the author puts forward five suggestions on how to supervise the taxi-hailing software.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D922.296

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本文編號：2015156