本文選題：離婚婦女 + 財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益　； 參考：《四川大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 民法的價(jià)值理念決定了男女兩性應(yīng)該享有平等的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利，而婚姻家庭的功能及特點(diǎn)要求《婚姻法》對(duì)女性財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的保護(hù)必須打破表面上的平等，而追求“實(shí)質(zhì)平等”，即對(duì)離婚婦女的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益予以特別保護(hù)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的公平。我國(guó)現(xiàn)行《婚姻法》對(duì)女性財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的保護(hù)作出了明顯的努力，但事實(shí)上離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的保護(hù)仍是離婚過(guò)程中的一個(gè)脆弱環(huán)節(jié)。而近年來(lái)，我國(guó)女性權(quán)利意識(shí)在不斷增強(qiáng)，越來(lái)越多女性敢于從不幸婚姻中走出來(lái)，隨著離婚婦女人數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)，離婚女性這一特殊群體婚后生活水平普遍下降的問(wèn)題也受到社會(huì)越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注。在這種情況下，對(duì)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益保護(hù)的研究對(duì)于保護(hù)婦女權(quán)益、改善離婚婦女的生活狀況以及實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)的和諧發(fā)展都具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文從對(duì)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益保護(hù)的原因出發(fā)，以婦女在離婚時(shí)對(duì)共同財(cái)產(chǎn)公平分割的權(quán)利、在經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)的幫助請(qǐng)求權(quán)、對(duì)生育和家務(wù)勞動(dòng)的補(bǔ)償請(qǐng)求權(quán)和遭受損害的賠償請(qǐng)求權(quán)為主要研究對(duì)象，從法律視角和社會(huì)性別視角分析現(xiàn)行《婚姻法》對(duì)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀及其不足，并試圖借鑒兩大法系關(guān)于婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益保護(hù)的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)，結(jié)合我國(guó)國(guó)情，提出完善離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益保護(hù)制度的一些建議。 在我國(guó)現(xiàn)有的法律框架下，對(duì)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的保護(hù)主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾方面：共同財(cái)產(chǎn)分割時(shí)照顧婦女的原則、對(duì)家務(wù)勞動(dòng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償制度、對(duì)生活困難方的經(jīng)濟(jì)幫助制度以及離婚損害賠償制度。這些制度都有各自的不足和局限性；并各傾向于保護(hù)某一方面的利益，難免出現(xiàn)顧此失彼的情形，很難共同發(fā)揮對(duì)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的保護(hù)作用。基于對(duì)國(guó)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的借鑒和對(duì)我國(guó)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益具體情況的思考，筆者認(rèn)為，我國(guó)《婚姻法》應(yīng)該在現(xiàn)有的制度框架下，進(jìn)一步完善對(duì)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的保護(hù)制度。如：賦予婦女對(duì)夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的知情權(quán)、將人力資本產(chǎn)生的預(yù)期利益納入財(cái)產(chǎn)分割的范圍，從而確保離婚婦女對(duì)夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)公平分割的權(quán)利；建立離婚保險(xiǎn)制度，以彌補(bǔ)我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)幫助制度的不足；重構(gòu)對(duì)家事勞動(dòng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償制度，以保證主要從事家事勞動(dòng)的家庭主婦的財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益；將第三者作為離婚損害賠償?shù)呢?zé)任主體，，從而保護(hù)無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)方(主要是女方)的財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益。 總之，筆者認(rèn)為我國(guó)法律在離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀與“男女平等享有權(quán)利”的理想還存在著距離。應(yīng)該根據(jù)我國(guó)的實(shí)際情況，吸取別國(guó)的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)離婚婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益保護(hù)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行法學(xué)理論和實(shí)踐的探索，完善法律體系。同時(shí)，也不能忽視潛規(guī)則與民俗習(xí)慣的的作用，從落實(shí)女性平等財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的角度來(lái)看，應(yīng)該進(jìn)行全社會(huì)的法制教育普及和文化重建，從而真正有效的保護(hù)離婚婦女的財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益，從根本上解決離婚婦女所面臨的經(jīng)濟(jì)窘迫等問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:The value concept of civil law determines that men and women should enjoy equal property rights, and the function and characteristics of marriage and family demands that the protection of marriage law should break the surface equality, and pursue "substantive equality", that is, the property rights of divorced women should be specially protected, thus realizing real fairness. The current "marriage law" in China has made obvious efforts to protect the rights and interests of women's property, but in fact, the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women is still a fragile link in the process of divorce. In recent years, the consciousness of women's rights in our country has been increasing, more and more women have dared to come out of unfortunate marriages, with divorced women. In this case, the study of the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women has great reality for protecting the rights and interests of women, improving the living conditions of divorced women and realizing the harmonious development of the society. Significance.
Starting from the reasons for the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women, the rights of women in the fair division of the common property during the divorce, the right to ask for help in economic difficulties, the right to compensate for the compensation for the reproductive and housework and the claim for damages, are the main Research on the image, from the legal and social gender perspectives. The current status and shortcomings of the marriage law on the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women, and try to draw lessons from the legislative experience of the two legal systems on the protection of women's property rights and interests, and put forward some suggestions to improve the protection system of the property rights and interests of divorced women.
Under the existing legal framework of our country, the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the principle of taking care of women in the division of common property, the economic compensation system for housework, the economic aid system for the difficult living parties and the system of compensation for the damage of divorce. These systems have their own shortcomings and limitations. It is difficult to give full play to the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women. Based on the experience of foreign countries and the specific circumstances of the property rights and interests of divorced women in our country, the author believes that the marriage law in China should be in the existing institutional framework. To further improve the protection system for the property rights and interests of divorced women, such as: giving women the right to know about the common property of husband and wife, bringing the expected interests of human capital into the scope of property division, so as to ensure the right of divorced women to split the common property of husband and wife, and establish a divorce insurance system to make up for our tradition. The insufficiency of the economic assistance system; reconstructing the economic compensation system for family work to ensure the property rights and interests of the housewives who are mainly engaged in housework; the third parties are the main responsibility of the compensation for the damages of divorce, thus protecting the property rights and interests of the non fault Party (mainly the woman).
In a word, the author thinks that there is still a distance between the current situation of the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women and the ideal of "equal rights for men and women". We should take the advanced experience of other countries according to the actual situation of our country and explore the legal theory and practice of the protection of the property rights and interests of divorced women and improve the legal system. At the same time, we can not ignore the role of the latent rules and folk custom. From the perspective of implementing equal rights and interests of women, the universal legal education and cultural reconstruction should be carried out, so that the property rights and interests of divorced women should be effectively protected and the economic embarrassment faced by divorced women should be fundamentally solved.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：D923.9

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 曾棉創(chuàng);農(nóng)村離婚訴訟案件中婦女權(quán)益保障研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2011年

2 蘇嵐;離婚經(jīng)濟(jì)幫助制度研究[D];廣西大學(xué);2011年

本文編號(hào)：1824995