本文選題：中世紀　切入點：會法　出處：《西南政法大學》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 日耳曼人摧毀西羅馬帝國登上人類歷史舞臺后,中世紀的歐洲,政治、文明、科技進入了一個緩慢發(fā)展的時代。這個時期的歐洲大陸,封建割據(jù)戰(zhàn)爭頻發(fā),沒有誕生統(tǒng)一的強大的世俗政權。政治權力和政治機構的社會控制功能相較羅馬帝國時期嚴重倒退,甚至降至文明社會的最低限度。社會和文明的發(fā)展進程很大程度是由基督教會來推動,民眾生活中最本質最重要的部分也由教會來控制和規(guī)制。家庭是社會構成的最基本細胞,婚姻又是組成家庭的至關重要的一環(huán)。教會對婚姻的規(guī)制,可以影響和控制貴族的生活和政治行為,能達到主導世俗政權的目的,同時也能對民眾加以教義的引導和精神控制�；橐鲋贫仁墙虝ㄖ械囊粋�重要組成部分,教會對性和婚姻的理論,經過長期的發(fā)展,最終對現(xiàn)代歐洲的婚姻法理論產生了重大影響。目前我國學術界對教會婚姻法主要采取個案研究、在社會背景下對教會婚姻現(xiàn)象進行解析的研究方法。目前學術界所關注的主要是教會婚姻中的社會倫理價值,如忠誠和責任、教會如何通過對貴族婚姻的規(guī)范達到對世俗政權的控制、教會婚姻思想中關于性的矛盾性。本文分析了基督教早期的婚姻理論思想來源,并介紹了教會法關于婚姻本質的認識。以時間為線索探索教會婚姻制度的發(fā)展和沿革。 論文第一部分主要說明教會法學家對婚姻本質的認識。探討了基督教會禁欲主義的思想來源和教會對婚姻圣事的最終確立過程。猶太教中的艾塞尼派的禁欲主義思想被早期基督教吸收,成為了基督教的基本教義之一�；浇痰幕揪窈蜕駥W思想也受到了希臘神秘主義的影響。通過對伊壁鳩魯學說、新柏拉圖主義和斯多葛主義在理論上的提煉和表述,基督教建立了靈與肉的二元哲學。上述三大哲學派別的理論也成為基督教禁欲主義原則的思想來源�；浇虝欢葓猿謽O端的禁欲主義,不僅要求神職人員禁欲,也要求普通民眾嚴格遵守,導致禁欲主義與世俗大眾生活產生了矛盾。奧古斯丁認為普通民眾的本能欲望要用婚姻這一圣事加以引導和規(guī)制。從而解決了這一矛盾并將婚姻這一基本社會現(xiàn)象納入到了教會的管理之下。至此,基督教會對普通群眾的強制禁欲要求變成了倡導和鼓勵禁欲。對教會內部神職人員才嚴格要求禁欲�；浇虝䦟⒒橐黾{入自己的管理后,婚姻成為了天主教的七大圣事之一。并將夫妻之間的結合抬高到代表上帝與教堂之間結合的高度。
[Abstract]:The Middle Ages Europe, politics, civilization, and science and technology entered an era of slow development after the Germanic destruction of the West Roman Empire entered the stage of human history. There was no unified and powerful secular regime. The political power and the social control function of the political institutions were more retrogressive than those of the Roman Empire. Even to the minimum of civilized society. The development of society and civilization is largely driven by the Christian Church, and the most essential and important part of people's life is also controlled and regulated by the Church. The family is the most basic cell of society. Marriage is also a vital part of the formation of the family. The church's regulation of marriage can influence and control the life and political behavior of aristocrats and achieve the purpose of dominating the secular regime. The marriage system is an important part of the church law. The church's theory of sex and marriage has developed over a long period of time. Finally, it has a great influence on the theory of marriage law in modern Europe. At present, the academic circles of our country mainly adopt case study on church marriage law. The research method of analyzing church marriage in the social background. At present, the academic circles are mainly concerned with the social ethical values of church marriage, such as loyalty and responsibility. How to control the secular regime through the norms of aristocratic marriage and the contradiction about sex in the church's marriage thought? this paper analyzes the origin of the early Christian marriage theory. It also introduces the understanding of the nature of marriage in the church law and explores the development and evolution of the church marriage system with time as the clue. The first part of the thesis mainly explains the religious jurists' understanding of the nature of marriage, and probes into the ideological source of asceticism in the Christian Church and the final establishment process of the church on the sacrament of marriage. The abstinence owner of the Essenistes in Judaism. The idea of righteousness was absorbed by early Christianity, It became one of the basic doctrines of Christianity. Its basic spirit and theology were also influenced by Greek mysticism. Through the theoretical refinement and expression of Epicurus, Neo-Platonism and stoicism, Christianity has established a dual philosophy of spirit and flesh. The theories of the three philosophical schools mentioned above have also become the ideological source of the Christian asceticism principle. The Christian Church once insisted on extreme asceticism, which required not only the abstinence of the clergy, They also demand that the ordinary people strictly abide by it. Augustine believed that the instinctive desire of ordinary people should be guided and regulated by the sacrament of marriage, thus resolving this contradiction and making marriage a basic society. The elephant was brought under the control of the church. The demands of the Christian Church for abstinence to the ordinary people became the advocacy and encouragement of abstinence. It was the clergy within the Church that strictly required abstinence. After the Christian Church had incorporated marriage into its own administration, Marriage became one of the seven great Catholic sacraments and raised the union between husband and wife to the height of the union between God and the church.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D913

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本文編號：1619572