發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-25 07:07

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放三十年,我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展,隨之而來(lái)的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題也越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,生態(tài)嚴(yán)重失衡,全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)的科學(xué)發(fā)展面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。信息時(shí)代給環(huán)境管理提供了新的管理手段,環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)作為環(huán)境管理的信息手段,有著廣闊的發(fā)展前景,它對(duì)于提高政府部門(mén)環(huán)境決策質(zhì)量、控制污染水平、改善政府和企業(yè)環(huán)境行為起著巨大的作用,通過(guò)對(duì)環(huán)境信息的公開(kāi)來(lái)加強(qiáng)環(huán)境管理的公眾參與和監(jiān)督,從而促使污染者重視環(huán)境保護(hù)、加強(qiáng)污染治理。 面對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)企業(yè)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)工作尚無(wú)統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可循,公眾不易通過(guò)相關(guān)信息比較以獲知企環(huán)境行為的優(yōu)劣,政府環(huán)境部門(mén)為了地方政府政績(jī)、維護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)囟愂斩鴮?duì)當(dāng)?shù)匚廴疚锱欧牌髽I(yè)實(shí)行地方保護(hù)等一系列環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)問(wèn)題。文章通過(guò)闡述環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)類(lèi)型、方式和作用,針對(duì)目前中國(guó)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)的狀況進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),并嘗試指出現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)企業(yè)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)存在的問(wèn)題,借鑒國(guó)外環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),初步提出環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)的對(duì)策和方案,以建立和完善環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)機(jī)制,更好地解決我國(guó)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,促進(jìn)我國(guó)環(huán)境工作走上信息化、制度化和科學(xué)化道路的重要舉措。 文章與眾不同之處在于指出了當(dāng)前我國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)工作的難題在于環(huán)境信息不對(duì)稱(chēng),而環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)有助于解決環(huán)境信息不對(duì)稱(chēng)問(wèn)題；除了必須健全和落實(shí)政府環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)制度之外,格外強(qiáng)調(diào)注意企業(yè)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)的制度建設(shè)以及環(huán)境非政府組織(NGO)作用的發(fā)揮,以解決環(huán)境保護(hù)領(lǐng)域“市場(chǎng)失靈”、“政治失靈”的問(wèn)題：文章認(rèn)為發(fā)揮民間環(huán)保組織的作用尤其重要,尤其是未來(lái)我國(guó)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)制度的發(fā)展應(yīng)以公眾參與為本位,從而保障社會(huì)公眾的環(huán)境知情權(quán),而且公開(kāi)的環(huán)境信息必須可靠并且方便取得；文章最大的亮點(diǎn)之一還在于文章著重對(duì)我國(guó)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)工作的開(kāi)展應(yīng)借鑒其成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)做出了闡述,指出由于歐美國(guó)家的環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)制度已比較成熟并且成效卓著,具有大量的成功范例和經(jīng)驗(yàn),借鑒成功之經(jīng)驗(yàn)、措施米應(yīng)對(duì)我國(guó)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)存在的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:After 30 years of reform and opening-up, China's economy has developed rapidly, and the environmental pollution problem has become more and more serious. The ecological imbalance is serious, and the overall coordination and sustainable scientific development is facing a huge challenge. Information age provides a new management means for environmental management. As an information means of environmental management, environmental information disclosure has a broad prospect of development. It can improve the quality of environmental decision-making in government departments and control the level of pollution. Improving the environmental behavior of the government and enterprises plays a great role in strengthening the public participation and supervision of environmental management through the disclosure of environmental information so as to urge polluters to attach importance to environmental protection and strengthen pollution control. Faced with the fact that there is no uniform standard for the disclosure of environmental information in enterprises in China, it is difficult for the public to know the merits and demerits of the environmental behavior of enterprises through the comparison of relevant information. Maintenance of local taxes and local pollution discharge enterprises to implement local protection of a series of environmental information disclosure issues. By expounding the types, ways and functions of environmental information disclosure, this paper evaluates the current situation of environmental information disclosure in China, and attempts to point out the problems existing in the disclosure of environmental information in Chinese enterprises at the present stage. Drawing lessons from the experience of environmental information disclosure abroad, this paper puts forward preliminary countermeasures and schemes for environmental information disclosure, in order to establish and perfect the mechanism of environmental information disclosure, to better solve environmental problems in our country, and to promote environmental work in our country to become information-based. An important step on the road to institutionalization and science. The paper points out that the problem of environmental protection in our country lies in the asymmetry of environmental information, and the disclosure of environmental information is helpful to solve the problem of environmental information asymmetry. In addition to the need to improve and implement the government environmental information disclosure system, special emphasis should be placed on the institutional construction of environmental information disclosure in enterprises and the play of the role of environmental non-governmental organizations (NGO) in order to address the "market failure" in the field of environmental protection. The issue of "political failure": the article holds that it is especially important to play the role of non-governmental environmental protection organizations, especially in the future, the development of environmental information disclosure system in our country should be based on public participation, so as to protect the social public's right to know about the environment. And public environmental information must be reliable and accessible; One of the greatest highlights of the article is that the article focuses on the development of environmental information disclosure in China should draw lessons from its successful experience, pointing out that the environmental information disclosure system in Europe and the United States has been relatively mature and has achieved remarkable results. There are a lot of successful examples and experiences, using the successful experience for reference, to deal with the problems existing in the disclosure of environmental information in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.68

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 杜萬(wàn)平;王夢(mèng)怡;;中美對(duì)比淺析我國(guó)環(huán)境信息披露制度的不足[J];生產(chǎn)力研究;2012年12期

2 于現(xiàn)忠;;我國(guó)環(huán)境信息公開(kāi)制度及其完善[J];云南行政學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年02期

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本文編號(hào)：2446749