本文選題：海島　切入點：純生態(tài)損害　出處：《海南大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：海島是地球海洋表面的特殊地貌體,是全球生命支持系統(tǒng)的一個重要組成部分,也是促進國家經(jīng)濟、社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的寶貴資源之一,我國擁有豐富的海島資源,對海島進行合理開發(fā)、利用,能為我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供強勁的動力,但長期以來,我國在開發(fā)、利用海島的過程中,海島生態(tài)環(huán)境也遭受了嚴重的損害。海島生態(tài)損害包括因環(huán)境侵權(quán)行為引起的海島生態(tài)環(huán)境本身的損害和以環(huán)境為媒介造成的他人的人身及財產(chǎn)損害,其中,較之人身、財產(chǎn)損害,海島生態(tài)系統(tǒng)本身的損害即海島純生態(tài)損害的問題顯得尤為突出,因此對海島純生態(tài)損害的司法救濟制度進行研究,對強化我國海島生態(tài)保護、促進海島經(jīng)濟的健康持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。由于海島純生態(tài)損害未涉及到權(quán)利人私權(quán)的直接受損,因此在程序法上無法通過傳統(tǒng)的民事訴訟或行政訴訟進行救濟,只能通過環(huán)境公益訴訟制度對純生態(tài)損害進行司法救濟。近年來,環(huán)境公益訴訟已經(jīng)成為學界研究的熱點問題,學者們對環(huán)境公益訴訟的研究主要集中在訴訟范圍、原告資格、訴訟保障、舉證責任和責任的承擔方式上,旨在通過研究環(huán)境公益訴訟的相關(guān)理論,為我國環(huán)境公益訴訟制度的研究提出立法建議,完善我國純生態(tài)損害司法救濟制度。但學界現(xiàn)行的研究對象過于寬泛,忽略了海島生態(tài)損害的特殊性,沒有對海島純生態(tài)損害與陸地純生態(tài)損害進行區(qū)分,沒有對海島純生態(tài)損害的環(huán)境公益訴訟具體程序和規(guī)則進行專題研究。本文試圖通過采用文獻研究法、案例研究法、對比研究法等研究方法,基于海島純生態(tài)損害的特殊性,從海島生態(tài)保護的理論與現(xiàn)實出發(fā),對我國環(huán)境公益制度進行研究,梳理現(xiàn)行環(huán)境公益訴訟制度存在的問題,在借鑒國外相關(guān)立法與司法實踐的基礎上,提出完善我國海島純生態(tài)損害司法救濟制度的思路。本文的基本邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)如下:本文第一部分對相關(guān)概念進行了解釋和界定,在借鑒權(quán)威資料的基礎上,厘清"海島"、"純生態(tài)損害"和"純生態(tài)損害司法救濟制度"在本文中的定義,并簡要闡述海島純生態(tài)司法救濟制度的法理基礎;第二部分介紹了我國純生態(tài)損害司法救濟制度的立法現(xiàn)狀,并基于海島生態(tài)損害的特殊性,分析其存在的問題,包括原告資格范圍狹窄、生態(tài)損害賠償金的監(jiān)管與使用存在缺陷、訴訟前置程序的規(guī)定不夠具體等。第三部分對國外關(guān)于純生態(tài)損害司法救濟制度的立法和司法實踐進行考察,總結(jié)其中值得我國借鑒的方面。第四部分,以前述分析為基礎,根據(jù)我國海島生態(tài)保護的現(xiàn)狀,在借鑒國外相關(guān)經(jīng)驗的基礎上,提出完善我國海島純生態(tài)損害司法救濟制度的思路,以期對解決現(xiàn)實問題有所幫助。
[Abstract]:Islands are special landforms on the surface of the earth's oceans, an important part of the global life support system, and one of the precious resources to promote the sustainable development of national economy and society. China has abundant island resources. The rational development and utilization of the islands can provide a strong driving force for the economic development of our country, but for a long time, in the process of developing and utilizing the islands in our country, The island ecological environment has also suffered serious damage. The island ecological damage includes the damage to the island ecological environment itself caused by the environmental tort act and the damage to the person and property of others caused by the environment as the medium. The problem of property damage, the damage of island ecosystem itself, that is, the pure ecological damage of island is particularly prominent. Therefore, the judicial relief system of island pure ecological damage is studied to strengthen the ecological protection of islands in China. It is of great significance to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the island economy. Since the pure ecological damage of the island does not involve the direct damage of the private rights of the right holder, there is no way to remedy the island through the traditional civil or administrative litigation in procedural law. In recent years, environmental public interest litigation has become a hot issue in academic research. Scholars' research on environmental public interest litigation mainly focuses on the scope of litigation, plaintiff qualification, On the way of litigation protection, burden of proof and burden of burden of proof, the purpose of this paper is to put forward legislative suggestions for the study of the system of environmental public interest litigation by studying the relevant theories of environmental public interest litigation. Perfect the judicial relief system of pure ecological damage in our country, but the current research object of academic circles is too broad, neglecting the particularity of island ecological damage, there is no distinction between pure ecological damage on island and pure ecological damage on land. There is no special research on the specific procedure and rules of environmental public interest litigation of island pure ecological damage. This paper attempts to use literature research method, case study method, contrast research method and other research methods, based on the particularity of island pure ecological damage. Based on the theory and reality of island ecological protection, this paper studies the environmental public welfare system of our country, combs the problems existing in the current environmental public welfare litigation system, and draws lessons from the relevant legislation and judicial practice of foreign countries. The basic logical structure of this paper is as follows: in the first part of this paper, the related concepts are explained and defined, on the basis of drawing lessons from authoritative data, Clarify the definition of "island", "pure ecological damage" and "pure ecological damage judicial relief system" in this paper, and briefly explain the legal basis of island pure ecological judicial relief system; The second part introduces the legislation status of judicial relief system of pure ecological damage in China, and analyzes the existing problems based on the particularity of island ecological damage, including the narrow scope of plaintiff's qualification. There are some defects in the supervision and use of ecological damages, and the provisions of the pre-litigation procedure are not specific enough. The third part investigates the legislation and judicial practice of the judicial relief system of pure ecological damage abroad. Part 4th, on the basis of the foregoing analysis, according to the present situation of the ecological protection of the islands in our country, on the basis of drawing lessons from the relevant experiences of foreign countries, This paper puts forward the idea of perfecting the judicial relief system of pure ecological damage in China's islands, in order to help solve the practical problems.
【學位授予單位】：海南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.68

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