本文選題：生存權(quán) + 人權(quán)��； 參考：《外交學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：生存權(quán)是除生命權(quán)外人類享有的最基本的權(quán)利。任何人要想存活，就必須獲得維持生命所必需的食物、水、基本居住條件等，而維持這些條件又必須以安全的生態(tài)環(huán)境為前提。沒(méi)有可持續(xù)的適合人類生存的生態(tài)環(huán)境，一切維持生存的手段都是無(wú)源之水，無(wú)本之木。 目前，人類的生存權(quán)正遭受著氣候變化的消極影響。當(dāng)前國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的主要法律基礎(chǔ)是1992年《聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約》及其1997年《京都議定書》，采取的多邊機(jī)制是每年召開的聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化大會(huì)，但是隨著2012年《京都議定書》所規(guī)定的減排任務(wù)到期，后京都時(shí)代國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的法律基礎(chǔ)將進(jìn)入到空白期，人類生存權(quán)的保障也將會(huì)遇到更大的挑戰(zhàn)；國(guó)際人權(quán)條約對(duì)生存權(quán)項(xiàng)下的具體權(quán)利的保障設(shè)定了各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和保障機(jī)制。國(guó)際社會(huì)未來(lái)在探索氣候變化應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制時(shí)，應(yīng)與國(guó)際人權(quán)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相互結(jié)合，，只有這樣，才能使全球在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化過(guò)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)人類生存權(quán)的保障。
[Abstract]:The right to existence is the most basic right enjoyed by human beings except the right to life. Anyone who wants to survive must be provided with food, water, basic living conditions, etc., which must be maintained on the premise of a safe ecological environment. There is no sustainable ecological environment suitable for human survival, all means of survival are no source of water, no wood. At present, the human right to life is suffering from the negative effects of climate change. The main legal basis for the current international response to climate change is the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change and its 1997 Kyoto Protocol, and the multilateral mechanism adopted is the annual United Nations Climate change Conference, However, with the expiration of the emission reduction task stipulated in the Kyoto Protocol in 2012, the legal basis of the international community to deal with climate change in the post-Kyoto era will enter into a blank period, and the guarantee of human survival rights will also meet with greater challenges; International human rights treaties set various standards and mechanisms for the protection of specific rights under the right to life. In the future, the international community should combine the international human rights standards with the international human rights standards when exploring the climate change response mechanism. Only in this way, can the world realize the guarantee of human survival in the process of dealing with climate change.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.9

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