本文選題：大陸架劃界 + 公平原則��； 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著海洋技術(shù)的發(fā)展，以及相關(guān)公約對(duì)于大陸架制度的規(guī)定，各相關(guān)國(guó)家紛紛對(duì)大陸架提出主張，大陸架劃界的爭(zhēng)端不斷，迄今為止仍有眾多大陸架邊界尚未解決。而大陸架劃界爭(zhēng)議的焦點(diǎn)是公平原則、等距離/特殊情況原則、自然延伸原則的法律地位及適用。 本文第一章對(duì)于大陸架的概念，，以及相關(guān)國(guó)際公約對(duì)大陸架概念和大陸架劃界的規(guī)定作了簡(jiǎn)要概述，并指出目前大陸架劃界爭(zhēng)議的緣起和焦點(diǎn)。 通過(guò)分析公平原則的產(chǎn)生及確立的發(fā)展歷程，本文第二章論證了公平原則已然成為一項(xiàng)習(xí)慣國(guó)際法原則，是指導(dǎo)大陸架劃界的根本原則。并論述了公平原則的三個(gè)基本涵義，即：結(jié)果公平、考慮有關(guān)情況、劃界方法的非強(qiáng)制性。其中結(jié)果公平是公平原則的核心內(nèi)容。 然而，公平原則有著過(guò)度的靈活性和不確定性，不利于相關(guān)大陸架劃界爭(zhēng)端的解決，為此本文第三章試圖構(gòu)建一個(gè)大陸架劃界的公平原則體系，以期使公平原則趨于確定。在公平原則體系下，協(xié)議劃界原則是對(duì)當(dāng)事各方意思自治，締約自由的尊重，是公平的題中之義，也符合國(guó)際法和平解決爭(zhēng)端的精神。因此，當(dāng)產(chǎn)生相關(guān)爭(zhēng)端時(shí)，當(dāng)事各方應(yīng)首先努力通過(guò)協(xié)商解決。自然延伸是大陸架制度存在的基礎(chǔ)，體現(xiàn)了天然意義的公平，應(yīng)該是公平原則體系下的首要原則，因此，在非共大陸架情形下應(yīng)遵循自然延伸原則。而共大陸架情形下，鑒于等距離/特殊情況規(guī)則所具有的確定性，以及等距離方法的廣泛適用性，并且一系列的國(guó)際司法實(shí)踐和國(guó)家實(shí)踐表明在共大陸架情形下，運(yùn)用等距離/特殊情況規(guī)則能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)公平的結(jié)果，因此等距離/特殊情況規(guī)則是一項(xiàng)源于公平原則的具體規(guī)則。其中“特殊情況”一詞不可被濫用，不能將所有的情況都列入“特殊情況”的范疇之內(nèi)，“特殊情況”主要包括：地理因素、資源、經(jīng)濟(jì)、第三國(guó)利益等。 我國(guó)在周邊海域仍有相關(guān)大陸架爭(zhēng)端未解決，這不利于我國(guó)海洋事業(yè)的發(fā)展。本文第四章則在大陸架劃界公平原則體系的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)我國(guó)周邊海域的相關(guān)大陸架劃界進(jìn)行法律分析。在黃海海域應(yīng)適用等距離/特殊情況規(guī)則，而在東海海域，相關(guān)大陸架劃界應(yīng)遵循自然延伸原則。
[Abstract]:With the development of marine technology and the provisions of the relevant conventions on the continental shelf system, the relevant countries have put forward claims to the continental shelf, the delimitation of the continental shelf disputes continue, so far there are still a large number of continental shelf boundaries have not been resolved. The controversy over the delimitation of the continental shelf focuses on the legal status and application of the principle of equity, the principle of equal distance / special circumstances, and the principle of natural extension. In the first chapter, the concept of continental shelf, the definition of continental shelf and the definition of continental shelf in relevant international conventions are briefly summarized, and the origin and focus of current controversy on continental shelf delimitation are pointed out. Through the analysis of the emergence and establishment of the principle of equity, the second chapter demonstrates that the principle of equity has become a principle of customary international law and a fundamental principle guiding the delimitation of the continental shelf. Three basic meanings of the principle of equity are discussed, that is, the result is fair, considering the relevant situation, and the method of demarcation is not mandatory. Fairness of results is the core of the principle of fairness. However, the principle of equity has excessive flexibility and uncertainty, which is not conducive to the settlement of related continental shelf delimitation disputes. The third chapter of this paper attempts to build a system of fair principles for the delimitation of the continental shelf, in order to make the principle of equity tend to be determined. Under the system of fair principle, the principle of agreement demarcation is the respect for the autonomy of the parties and the freedom of contracting. It is the meaning of fairness and accords with the spirit of the peaceful settlement of disputes in international law. Therefore, when the dispute arises, the parties should first endeavour to resolve it through negotiation. Natural extension is the foundation of the existence of continental shelf system, which embodies the fairness of natural meaning and should be the primary principle under the system of equity principle. Therefore, the natural extension principle should be followed in the case of non-common continental shelf. In the case of the common continental shelf, in view of the certainty of the isometric / exceptional case rule and the wide applicability of the isometric approach, and in the case of the common continental shelf, a series of international judicial practices and State practice show that in the case of a common continental shelf, The equal distance / special case rule can achieve the result of equity, so the equal distance / special case rule is a specific rule derived from the principle of equity. The term "special circumstances" should not be abused, and all cases should not be included in the category of "special circumstances". "special circumstances" mainly include: geographical factors, resources, economy, interests of third countries and so on. There are still some related continental shelf disputes in the surrounding sea area in China, which is unfavorable to the development of China's marine undertakings. In the fourth chapter, on the basis of the fair principle system of continental shelf delimitation, the relevant continental shelf delimitation in the surrounding sea area of China is analyzed legally. The equal distance / special case rule should be applied in the Huang Hai sea area, while in the East China Sea, the relevant continental shelf delimitation should follow the principle of natural extension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D993.5

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