本文選題：巴塞爾公約　切入點(diǎn)：危險(xiǎn)廢物　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科技水平的不斷發(fā)展,人類的物質(zhì)生活水平得到極大提高。在物質(zhì)生活得到極大豐富的同時(shí),危險(xiǎn)廢物也隨之大量產(chǎn)生。危險(xiǎn)廢物由于具有較強(qiáng)的危害性,如果處理不當(dāng),將會(huì)對(duì)危險(xiǎn)廢物儲(chǔ)存地的人類健康和生態(tài)安全產(chǎn)生極大的威脅。發(fā)達(dá)國家為了減少危險(xiǎn)廢物給本國帶來危害,通過多種途徑將危險(xiǎn)廢物轉(zhuǎn)移到發(fā)展中國家。危險(xiǎn)廢物的大量轉(zhuǎn)移,給發(fā)展中國家的國民健康和生態(tài)安全帶來了巨大的威脅。為了避免發(fā)展中國家淪為發(fā)達(dá)國家危險(xiǎn)廢物的集散地,需要對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國家向發(fā)展中國家轉(zhuǎn)移危險(xiǎn)廢物的行為進(jìn)行有效的控制。 目前,控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的全球性公約是《巴塞爾公約》。公約作為第一部控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的全球性公約,在控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移方面發(fā)揮了巨大的作用。并且公約在控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的許多規(guī)定上進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新,為其他控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的區(qū)域性公約提供了有力借鑒。但是《巴塞爾公約》作為一部發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家相互妥協(xié)的產(chǎn)物,公約同樣在很多方面存在不足,需要對(duì)《巴塞爾公約》及其框架下的危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移法律制度進(jìn)行完善。同時(shí),我國作為公約的締約國之一,在危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移問題上面臨著嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn),需要在《巴塞爾公約》框架下對(duì)我國控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移法律制度進(jìn)行完善,使我國控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的法律制度能夠更好的應(yīng)對(duì)危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的新形勢(shì)。 本文將分四個(gè)部分對(duì)《巴塞爾公約》框架下危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移法律制度進(jìn)行研究。第一部分對(duì)危險(xiǎn)廢物和危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的概念進(jìn)行界定,接下來分析危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移的原因,并指出危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移帶來的危害。第二部分對(duì)《巴塞爾公約》形成和發(fā)展進(jìn)行介紹,引伸出公約的王要內(nèi)容,從而總結(jié)出公約制定和實(shí)施的意義。第三部分指出公約存在的不足,并針對(duì)公約目前存在的不足提出完善的建議。第四部分介紹我國作為公約的締約國在履行公約方面所進(jìn)行的努力,同時(shí)也指出我國控制危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移法律制度仍然還有許多需要完善的地方,并結(jié)合這些不完善的地方提出完善的設(shè)想。通過對(duì)《巴塞爾公約》及其框架下的危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移法律制度的完善,對(duì)危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)行有效的控制。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the material living standards of human beings have been greatly improved.At the same time, hazardous wastes are produced in large quantities.Due to its strong harmfulness, hazardous wastes will pose a great threat to the human health and ecological safety of hazardous waste storage sites if they are not handled properly.In order to reduce the harm caused by hazardous wastes, developed countries transfer hazardous wastes to developing countries in many ways.The mass transfer of hazardous waste poses a great threat to national health and ecological security in developing countries.In order to prevent developing countries from becoming the distribution center of hazardous wastes in developed countries, it is necessary to effectively control the transfer of hazardous wastes from developed countries to developing countries.At present, the Global Convention on the Control of Transboundary movements of Hazardous wastes is the Basel Convention.As the first global convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes, the convention plays an important role in the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.And the convention has innovated on many regulations of controlling the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes, which has provided reference for other regional conventions on the control of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.But the Basel Convention, as a product of compromise between developed and developing countries, is also deficient in many ways.The Basel Convention and its legal regime for transboundary movement of hazardous wastes need to be improved.At the same time, as one of the parties to the Convention, China is faced with a severe test on the issue of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes. It is necessary to perfect the legal system of controlling the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the framework of the Basel Convention.So that the legal system of controlling the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes in China can better deal with the new situation of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.In this paper, the legal system of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the framework of Basel Convention is studied in four parts.The first part defines the concept of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and hazardous wastes, then analyzes the causes of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and points out the hazards caused by transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.In the second part, the formation and development of the Basel Convention are introduced, the content of the Convention is extended, and the significance of the establishment and implementation of the Convention is summed up.The third part points out the shortcomings of the convention and puts forward some suggestions.The fourth part describes our country's efforts to implement the Convention as a party to the Convention, and points out that there is still much to be done in our legal system for the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.And combine these imperfect places to put forward perfect idea.By perfecting the legal system of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the Basel Convention and its framework, we can effectively control the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.9

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