發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-08 07:47

  本文選題：國(guó)家主權(quán)　切入點(diǎn)：國(guó)際組織　出處：《江西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：歐洲三十年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后簽署的《威斯特伐利亞和約》(The Peace Treaty of Westphalia)令歐洲社會(huì)衍生了建立平等主權(quán)國(guó)家的社會(huì)土壤。在由博丹正式提出國(guó)家主權(quán)概念后,國(guó)家主權(quán)就一直伴隨著近現(xiàn)代國(guó)家和國(guó)際法的發(fā)展,并成為許多現(xiàn)代國(guó)際法理論的基礎(chǔ)。本文利用歷史研究和對(duì)比研究的方法,并借助相關(guān)國(guó)際慣例、法律法規(guī)來(lái)論證新時(shí)代要堅(jiān)持相對(duì)的、平等的國(guó)家主權(quán)觀。除引言及結(jié)語(yǔ)外,本文共分為四章。 第一章對(duì)國(guó)家主權(quán)進(jìn)行了概述,包括國(guó)家主權(quán)的涵義、特征、分類以及近代國(guó)家主權(quán)理論的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展。對(duì)于國(guó)家主權(quán)的涵義,本文列舉了各國(guó)學(xué)者在不同時(shí)期、不同社會(huì)背景下形成的各不相同的觀點(diǎn),并總結(jié)出其中的共通性——對(duì)內(nèi)最高性和對(duì)外獨(dú)立性。鑒于國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)于主權(quán)的內(nèi)涵尚未形成一致的看法,為了更好地了解國(guó)家主權(quán),本章探討了國(guó)家主權(quán)的五個(gè)特征及八大分類。在近代國(guó)家主權(quán)理論的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展部分,文章以時(shí)間為主線,簡(jiǎn)述了國(guó)家主權(quán)理論的萌芽以及近代國(guó)家主權(quán)理論的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展。 第二章從國(guó)際法學(xué)理的角度對(duì)國(guó)家主權(quán)學(xué)說(shuō)進(jìn)行了梳理。包括自然法學(xué)派中維多利亞和普芬多夫的觀點(diǎn);實(shí)在法學(xué)派中賓克舒克和奧本海的觀點(diǎn);格老秀斯派中格老秀斯和瓦特爾的觀點(diǎn);新自然法學(xué)派中狄驥、波利蒂斯、賽爾和凱爾森的觀點(diǎn),以及新實(shí)在法學(xué)派中的權(quán)力政治學(xué)說(shuō)和政策定向?qū)W說(shuō)。最終得出結(jié)論,主權(quán)主權(quán)是國(guó)家固有的屬性,是發(fā)展的概念,是與歷史和國(guó)家的演變相對(duì)應(yīng)的。 第三章介紹了現(xiàn)代國(guó)家主權(quán)理論的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),以社會(huì)主義國(guó)家和資本主義國(guó)家為例,分別闡述了兩大意識(shí)形態(tài)國(guó)家所持有的不同的國(guó)家主權(quán)觀念,及其原因和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 第四章闡述了新時(shí)代的國(guó)家主權(quán)觀念——相對(duì)的、平等的主權(quán)觀。本章首先從理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)的角度來(lái)論述相對(duì)主權(quán)觀的必要性和現(xiàn)實(shí)性。理論方面主要是包括條約、習(xí)慣和一般法律原則在內(nèi)的傳統(tǒng)國(guó)際法對(duì)國(guó)家主權(quán)的限制;現(xiàn)實(shí)方面主要包括對(duì)國(guó)家領(lǐng)土管轄權(quán)和國(guó)家管轄權(quán)的限制。針對(duì)當(dāng)今國(guó)際社會(huì)組織化趨勢(shì)的加強(qiáng),本章著重以聯(lián)合國(guó)柬埔寨維和行動(dòng)、前南斯拉夫解體事件和世界貿(mào)易組織為例,論證了國(guó)際組織對(duì)傳統(tǒng)國(guó)家主權(quán)的限制和影響。本章第二部分從平等的角度證成新時(shí)代的國(guó)家主權(quán)觀,闡述了國(guó)家主權(quán)平等的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),并以“新干涉主義”為例,說(shuō)明此一學(xué)說(shuō)對(duì)國(guó)家主權(quán)平等的侵害。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分著重強(qiáng)調(diào)了新時(shí)代全球化大背景下,各國(guó)必須堅(jiān)持相對(duì)的、平等的主權(quán)觀。
[Abstract]:The signing of the Treaty of Westphalia after the Thirty years' War in Europe gave rise to the social soil for the establishment of equal and sovereign states in European society. State sovereignty has always been accompanied by the development of modern state and international law, and has become the basis of many modern theories of international law. Laws and regulations to demonstrate that the new era should adhere to the relative, equal concept of national sovereignty, in addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of state sovereignty, including the meaning, characteristics, classification of state sovereignty and the emergence and development of the modern theory of state sovereignty. For the meaning of state sovereignty, this paper enumerates the scholars of various countries in different periods. Different views formed in different social contexts, and the commonality of which-internal supremacy and external independence... In view of the fact that the international community has not yet formed a consensus on the meaning of sovereignty, in order to better understand the sovereignty of States, This chapter discusses the five characteristics and eight major categories of state sovereignty. In the part of the emergence and development of modern state sovereignty theory, the paper, taking time as the main line, briefly describes the germination of state sovereignty theory and the emergence and development of modern state sovereignty theory. The second chapter combs the theory of state sovereignty from the angle of the theory of international law, including the views of Victoria and Pffindoff in the school of natural law, the view of Bink Schulk and the view of Oppenheim in the school of positive law. The views of Glorius and Vettel; the views of Dicki, Politis, Ser and Kelsen in the Neo-Natural Law School; and the power politics and policy orientation in the Neo-positive School of Law. Sovereignty is an inherent attribute of a state, a concept of development, corresponding to history and the evolution of a country. The third chapter introduces the development trend of the theory of modern state sovereignty, taking socialist countries and capitalist countries as examples, expounds the different concepts of state sovereignty held by the two major ideological countries, their causes and practical significance. Chapter 4th describes the concept of state sovereignty in the new era-the concept of relative, equal sovereignty. This chapter first discusses the necessity and reality of the concept of relative sovereignty from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The limitations of traditional international law, including customary and general principles of law, on the sovereignty of States; practical aspects include, inter alia, restrictions on national territorial jurisdiction and national jurisdiction... in view of the strengthening of the organized trend of the international community today, This chapter focuses on the United Nations peacekeeping operations in Cambodia, the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia and the World Trade Organization, This chapter demonstrates the limitation and influence of international organizations on traditional state sovereignty. The second part of this chapter proves the concept of state sovereignty in the new era from the angle of equality, and expounds the development context of national sovereign equality, and takes "neo-interventionism" as an example. Explain the infringement of this doctrine on the sovereign equality of the state. The conclusion emphasizes that under the background of globalization in the new era, countries must adhere to the concept of relative, equal sovereignty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D992

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