本文選題：股東出資瑕疵 + 資本制度��； 參考：《河南師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)高度發(fā)展的今天,公司作為市場交易中的主體,公司法作為經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易中的重要規(guī)范,其地位越來越重要。在我國,改革開放以后隨著中國特色社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的逐步完善,公司也逐步展示其活力。在公司制度中,股東出資是公司設(shè)立的基礎(chǔ),是公司正常運(yùn)營的物質(zhì)保證,是公司信用體系的根本保障。股東的出資義務(wù)無論從法定還是約定的角度講,都關(guān)系到公司的法人人格,公司其他股東、公司債權(quán)人的利益。 在現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)中,我國公司股東出資瑕疵的問題十分嚴(yán)重,已經(jīng)影響到整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),對公司的信用體制造成極大地影響,股東出資存在瑕疵,影響公司的法人人格,侵害公司財(cái)產(chǎn),使得公司的章程名存實(shí)亡。出資瑕疵的股東享受著和出資不對價(jià)的股權(quán),對其他履行出資義務(wù)的股東來說是不公平的。嚴(yán)重出資瑕疵的行為導(dǎo)致公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益受到侵害,影響公司的正常運(yùn)營,對公司的債權(quán)人是一種威脅。新公司法頒布之后,理論界對股東出資制度已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了許多改變,但是其中仍然存在些許不足。為了維護(hù)市場交易的高效、穩(wěn)定,為了維持經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的安定、繁榮,對于股東出資瑕疵民事責(zé)任需要深入分析,對于公司法關(guān)于股東出資瑕疵的制度也需要重新建構(gòu)。 本文從國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀入手,通過分析不同資本制度對股東出資義務(wù)的影響,闡述股東出資的義務(wù)性質(zhì)。進(jìn)而對瑕疵出資的概念和特征進(jìn)行深入分析,揭示當(dāng)下不同觀點(diǎn)的優(yōu)劣,并構(gòu)成文章的邏輯起點(diǎn)。通過細(xì)致分析不同的資本制度,不同的資本制度對公司資本信用的態(tài)度不同,對股東出資的規(guī)制程度也不同,得出在我國資本制度下,瑕疵出資股東在公司中的法律地位,為研究責(zé)任認(rèn)定做下鋪墊。股東出資瑕疵對多方主體構(gòu)成侵害,自然要承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的民事責(zé)任,分析瑕疵出資股東對公司法人人格、公司其他股東和公司債券人所承擔(dān)的民事責(zé)任。目的在于希望能借鑒先進(jìn)國家的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),從理論上豐富對股東出資瑕疵的民事責(zé)任的研究,完善我國公司法對出資瑕疵的制度體系。在現(xiàn)實(shí)中,根據(jù)我國的特有的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度、文化環(huán)境結(jié)合我國的資本制度,對公司法的修改提出建議,以期促進(jìn)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展更加穩(wěn)定、協(xié)調(diào),企業(yè)發(fā)展更加快速、壯大,未來我國的法制環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境更加良好。
[Abstract]:With the high development of economy and society, the company as the main body in the market transaction and the company law as the important norm in the economic and trade, its status is becoming more and more important. In China, with the gradual improvement of socialist market economy system with Chinese characteristics after reform and opening up, the company has gradually demonstrated its vitality. In the company system, shareholder's contribution is the foundation of the company's establishment, the material guarantee of the company's normal operation, and the fundamental guarantee of the company's credit system. The contribution obligation of shareholders is related to the legal personality of the company, the interests of other shareholders and the creditors of the company, whether from the legal point of view or from the point of view of agreement. In the real society, the defect of the shareholders' contribution is very serious in our country, which has affected the normal operation of the whole economy and society, and has a great influence on the credit system of the company. The defect of the shareholder's capital contribution affects the corporate personality of the company. Encroaches upon the company's property, causes the company's constitution to exist in name. It is unfair to other shareholders who fulfill their obligation to contribute. The serious defect of capital contribution results in the infringement of the economic interests of the company and affects the normal operation of the company, which is a threat to the creditors of the company. After the promulgation of the new Company Law, many changes have been made to the shareholder contribution system in the theoretical circle, but there are still some deficiencies. In order to maintain the efficiency and stability of the market transactions, to maintain the stability and prosperity of the economy and society, the civil liability of shareholders' investment defects needs to be deeply analyzed, and the system of shareholders' investment defects in the company law also needs to be re-constructed. This paper begins with the current research situation at home and abroad, analyzes the influence of different capital systems on shareholder's contribution obligation, and expounds the nature of shareholder's contribution obligation. Then the concept and characteristics of defective investment are deeply analyzed to reveal the merits and demerits of different viewpoints and constitute the logical starting point of the article. Through careful analysis of different capital systems, different capital systems have different attitudes to corporate capital credit and different levels of regulation on shareholders' capital contribution. It is concluded that under the capital system of our country, the legal status of defective capital investors in the company is different. Lay the groundwork for the determination of research responsibility. The defect of shareholders' contribution will infringe on many subjects, so it is natural to bear the corresponding civil liability, and to analyze the civil liability of the defective shareholders to the corporate personality, other shareholders and debentures of the company. The purpose is to draw lessons from the practical experience of advanced countries, enrich the research on the civil liability of shareholders' defect of capital contribution theoretically, and perfect the system of the defect of capital contribution in the company law of our country. In reality, according to our country's unique economic system and the cultural environment combined with our country's capital system, some suggestions are put forward for the amendment of the company law, in order to promote the economic development of our country to be more stable and coordinated, and the enterprises to develop faster and stronger. In the future, China's legal and economic environment will be better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D922.291.91

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