本文關(guān)鍵詞： 異議股東 資本多數(shù)決 股份回購請求權(quán) 中小股東保護　出處：《西南政法大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在公司組織形態(tài)發(fā)展初期,公司重大決議采用“全體一致原則”的表決機制,即在公司所有股東同意情況下,公司決策才得以順利通過并實施,無所謂“異議股東”存在。隨著現(xiàn)代公司制度逐漸確立,“資本多數(shù)決原則”成為對公司重大經(jīng)營決策所普通采用的議事規(guī)則并一直沿用至今,它有利于公司經(jīng)營的順利進行。而“資本多數(shù)決原則”犧牲了少數(shù)股東意思表示,同時容易成為多數(shù)股東將自己意志上升為公司意思后欺壓少數(shù)股東的“合法”工具。為對少數(shù)派股東權(quán)益予以保護,平衡公司決議正常實施與少數(shù)股東權(quán)益保護之間關(guān)系,“異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度”應(yīng)運而生。它賦予了少數(shù)股東在獲得公平合理補償下退出公司的權(quán)利,同時對公司與少數(shù)股東而言均實現(xiàn)雙贏。該制度起源于美國,并逐漸被其他國家或地區(qū)立法所確認,成為中小股東權(quán)益保護的重要制度。 我國2006年1月正式實施的《公司法》首次確立了異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度,是公司法巨大進步且具有深遠意義。然而,在對世界主要國家或地區(qū)立法進行比較分析基礎(chǔ)上看出,我國《公司法》在適用范圍、適用權(quán)利主體、適用程序等諸多方面均存在缺陷,迫切需要對該制度進行補充完善,以真正發(fā)揮其制度價值。本文基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下: 第一章“異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度概述”,首先介紹了異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)的概念及制度來源,對該制度的產(chǎn)生及發(fā)展有基本認識。其次對異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)的性質(zhì)予以闡述并詳細論述了其法律特征,對該權(quán)利產(chǎn)生及行使作了說明。再次,將異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)與其他中小股東權(quán)利救濟措施進行比較分析,指出其獨特的制度價值。最后,對其存在的理論基礎(chǔ)進行分析介紹。 第二章“異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度比較分析”,本章對世界各國或地區(qū)立法針對異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度的規(guī)定進行詳細論述并予以比較分析。筆者對美國、英國、日本、韓國、德國、加拿大、臺灣地區(qū)等對異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)的適用范圍、適用權(quán)利主體、權(quán)利行使程序、權(quán)利限制措施、回購股份價格確認等方面均進行了論述,同時對各自規(guī)定的合理性及缺陷予以分析,為我國公司法對該制度進行完善提供參考與借鑒。 第三章“我國異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度立法現(xiàn)狀及缺陷”,介紹了我國異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度的建立過程,并對現(xiàn)行公司法中針對有限責任公司與股份有限公司股東行使該權(quán)利的不同規(guī)定進行論述分析,同時指出該制度存在的相應(yīng)缺陷。 第四章“我國異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度完善”,該章在前兩章對他國或地區(qū)股份回購請求權(quán)制度進行比較分析及對我國立法規(guī)定進行詳細研究基礎(chǔ)上,提出了對我國異議股東股份回購請求權(quán)制度的完善建議,以期發(fā)揮其對中小股東權(quán)益保護的價值。
[Abstract]:In the early stage of the development of corporate organization, the voting mechanism of "unanimous principle" was adopted in the major resolutions of the company, that is, when all shareholders of the company agreed, the company's decision was passed and carried out smoothly. With the gradual establishment of the modern corporate system, the "principle of capital majority determination" has become the common rule of procedure for the major business decisions of the company and has been followed until now. It is conducive to the smooth operation of the company. And the "capital majority principle" sacrifices the expression of the intention of minority shareholders, At the same time, it is easy to become a "legal" tool for the majority shareholders to turn their will into a "legal" tool for oppressing minority shareholders after the company's intention to protect the rights and interests of minority shareholders. Balancing the relationship between the normal implementation of a company resolution and the protection of the rights and interests of minority shareholders, the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders emerges as the times require. It gives minority shareholders the right to withdraw from the company under fair and reasonable compensation. This system originated in the United States and was gradually recognized by other countries or regions as an important system for the protection of minority shareholders' rights and interests. In January 2006, the Company Law, which was formally implemented in China, established for the first time the system of claim for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders, which is a great progress of company law and has far-reaching significance. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the legislation of major countries or regions in the world, we can see that the Company Law of our country has defects in the scope of application, the subject of application of rights, the procedure of application, and so on, so it is urgent to supplement and perfect the system. The basic structure of this paper is as follows:. The first chapter is an overview of the system of claim for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders. Firstly, it introduces the concept and system source of the right of claim for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders. There is a basic understanding of the emergence and development of the system. Secondly, it expounds the nature of the right of the dissenting shareholders to repurchase shares and discusses its legal characteristics in detail, and explains the emergence and exercise of the right. This paper compares the claim right of dissenting shareholders with that of other minority shareholders, and points out its unique institutional value. Finally, the theoretical basis of its existence is analyzed and introduced. The second chapter is "Comparative Analysis of the system of claims for share Repurchase by dissenting shareholders". This chapter discusses in detail the provisions of legislation in various countries or regions of the world concerning the system of claims for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders. The author makes a comparative analysis of the provisions in the United States, the United Kingdom, the United States and the United Kingdom. Japan, South Korea, Germany, Canada, Taiwan and so on have discussed the scope of application, the subject of the application of the right, the procedure of exercising the right, the measure of restriction of the right, the confirmation of the price of the share repurchase and so on. At the same time, the rationality and defects of the respective regulations are analyzed to provide reference and reference for the perfection of the system in the company law of our country. The third chapter, "legislation status and defects of the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders", introduces the process of establishing the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders in China. This paper also discusses and analyzes the different provisions of the current Company Law concerning the exercise of this right by shareholders of limited liability companies and joint-stock limited companies, and points out the corresponding defects of the system. Chapter 4th, "perfecting the system of claims for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders in China", makes a comparative analysis of the system of claims for share repurchase in other countries or regions and makes a detailed study on the legislative provisions of our country in the first two chapters. This paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders in China in order to give play to its value in protecting the rights and interests of minority shareholders.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.291.91

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