【摘要】：本文在理解民事公益訴訟制度和我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的基本依據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)國外典型制度及我國現(xiàn)行立法進(jìn)行比較分析,進(jìn)而立論我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的正當(dāng)性,最后對(duì)檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的制度建構(gòu)、程序設(shè)置等進(jìn)行具體的構(gòu)想。全文除引言和結(jié)語外分為六部分進(jìn)行論述。 第一部分是民事公益訴訟的理論界定。筆者首先對(duì)公益訴訟進(jìn)行簡要論述,在理解公益訴訟的基礎(chǔ)上去理解民事公益訴訟,又對(duì)民事公益訴訟和行政公益訴訟進(jìn)行比較,從而更能對(duì)民事公益訴訟的內(nèi)涵有深刻地認(rèn)識(shí)。本章還對(duì)民事公益訴訟的特點(diǎn)和受案范圍進(jìn)行論述,從而為檢察機(jī)關(guān)的介入奠定基礎(chǔ)。 第二部分是我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的基本依據(jù)。本章從理論依據(jù)和法律依據(jù)著手論證。檢察機(jī)關(guān)是我國的法律監(jiān)督機(jī)關(guān),其職能與職責(zé)和中立性都其提起民事公益訴訟提供了理論依據(jù)。同時(shí),國家干預(yù)原理、訴訟擔(dān)當(dāng)理論也是其理論依據(jù)之一。在我國,檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟是有法律依據(jù)的,本文從憲法、實(shí)體法、訴訟法三方面進(jìn)行論述。 第三部分是檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的國外立法考察。筆者對(duì)以法國、德國、日本、俄羅斯為代表的大陸法系國家和以英國、美國為代表的英美法系國家的民事公益訴訟制度進(jìn)行考察,在充分肯定兩大法系國家的先進(jìn)立法外,總結(jié)了兩者的共同點(diǎn)和差異以及存在的不合理之處。從而得出在我國建立民事公益訴訟制度應(yīng)該借鑒和摒棄的地方。 第四部分是我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的法律現(xiàn)狀及實(shí)踐探索。我國關(guān)于檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟制度在立法上幾乎是空白的,但是我國司法實(shí)踐中是存在的,并且各地檢察機(jī)關(guān)在提起民事公益訴訟制度方面做出了有益探索和取得一定成績。 第五部分是我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟的正當(dāng)性分析。本章從必要性和可行性進(jìn)行論證。我國人權(quán)保護(hù)、程序正義、公平公正和檢察機(jī)關(guān)自身的優(yōu)越條件都要求建立符合我國國情的民事公益訴訟制度。并且,我國在法律上并未排斥民事公益訴訟制度、檢察機(jī)關(guān)在實(shí)踐中所取得的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)和對(duì)有關(guān)外國先進(jìn)立法國家的制度進(jìn)行借鑒三方面的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建我國的檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟是可行的。 第六部分是我國檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟制度的構(gòu)想。筆者對(duì)檢察機(jī)關(guān)在民事公益訴訟中的法律地位、提起公訴的方式、證明責(zé)任的分配、調(diào)解及反訴的問題和費(fèi)用分擔(dān)問題五個(gè)方面進(jìn)行設(shè)置。另外,在程序上進(jìn)行了立案、取證、起訴和審判四個(gè)階段的設(shè)置。這些設(shè)置是參照我國民事訴訟法和刑事訴訟法的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的,期望能夠構(gòu)建符合我國國情的制度。
[Abstract]:On the basis of understanding the system of civil public interest litigation and the basic basis of initiating civil public interest litigation by procuratorial organs in our country, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the typical foreign systems and the current legislation of our country, and then discusses the legitimacy of the initiation of civil public interest litigation by procuratorial organs in our country, and finally makes a concrete conception on the system construction and procedure setting of civil public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into six parts to discuss. The first part is the theoretical definition of civil public interest litigation. First of all, the author briefly discusses public interest litigation, understands civil public interest litigation on the basis of understanding public interest litigation, and compares civil public interest litigation with administrative public interest litigation, so as to have a profound understanding of the connotation of civil public interest litigation. This chapter also discusses the characteristics and scope of civil public interest litigation, so as to lay the foundation for the intervention of procuratorial organs. The second part is the basic basis of civil public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs in our country. This chapter starts from the theoretical basis and the legal basis to demonstrate. Procuratorial organ is the legal supervision organ of our country, its function, duty and neutrality all provide the theoretical basis for initiating civil public interest litigation. At the same time, the principle of state intervention, litigation theory is also one of its theoretical basis. In our country, there is a legal basis for procuratorial organs to bring civil public interest litigation. This paper discusses from three aspects: constitution, substantive law and procedural law. The third part is the foreign legislation investigation of civil public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs. The author investigates the civil public interest litigation system of civil law countries represented by France, Germany, Japan and Russia, and the civil public interest litigation system of common law countries represented by Britain and the United States. In addition to fully confirming the advanced legislation of the two legal countries, the author summarizes the common points and differences between the two countries, as well as the unreasonable points. Thus, it is concluded that the establishment of civil public interest litigation system in our country should be used for reference and abandoned. The fourth part is the legal status and practical exploration of civil public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs in our country. In our country, the system of civil public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs is almost blank in legislation, but it exists in the judicial practice of our country, and the procuratorial organs in various places have made beneficial exploration and made some achievements in bringing up civil public interest litigation system. The fifth part is the legitimacy analysis of civil public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs in our country. This chapter demonstrates the necessity and feasibility. The protection of human rights, procedural justice, fairness and justice and the superior conditions of procuratorial organs all require the establishment of civil public interest litigation system in accordance with the national conditions of our country. Moreover, China does not exclude the civil public interest litigation system in law, and it is feasible to construct the civil public interest litigation initiated by the procuratorial organs on the basis of the successful experience gained by the procuratorial organs in practice and the reference to the system of the foreign advanced legislative countries. The sixth part is the conception of civil public interest litigation system initiated by procuratorial organs in our country. The author sets up the legal status of procuratorial organs in civil public interest litigation, the way of public prosecution, the distribution of burden of proof, the problems of mediation and counterclaim, and the problem of cost sharing. In addition, the procedure has been set up in four stages: filing, taking evidence, prosecution and trial. These settings are based on the civil procedure law and criminal procedure law of our country, hoping to construct the system in line with the national conditions of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D925;D926.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 馬燕;檢察機(jī)關(guān)提起民事公益訴訟研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2511244