【摘要】：保障罪犯權利的根據(jù)首先體現(xiàn)在保障罪犯的權利是衡量我國人權狀況的標尺,體現(xiàn)了罪犯的公民身份;保障罪犯的權利是依法治國和建設和諧社會的需要;保障罪犯的權利也是保障監(jiān)獄良好秩序的需要。 確立罪犯權利的范圍應堅持人權保障原則、法治原則、刑罰個別化原則及再社會化原則,這幾個原則相輔相成,共同作用,缺一不可。罪犯權利可分為罪犯的法定權利和應有權利。罪犯的法定權利主要有政治權利、勞動休息權利、宗教信仰自由權、人身權利、經(jīng)濟權利及辯護、申述、控告、檢舉權;罪犯的應有權利主要有申請減刑、假釋、保外就醫(yī)的權利及婚姻家庭權。罪犯的應有權利是對罪犯的法定權利的補充,需要在立法中給予明確規(guī)定。 罪犯權利保障的阻礙因素可分為立法中的障礙和執(zhí)行中的障礙。立法中的障礙主要有《監(jiān)獄法》對罪犯權利的規(guī)定與我國加入的有關國際條約不同步,《監(jiān)獄法》規(guī)定的罪犯權利的種類不完整,《監(jiān)獄法》規(guī)定的罪犯權利內(nèi)容抽象。而執(zhí)行中的障礙主要是執(zhí)行人員觀念陳舊,執(zhí)行人員的職業(yè)素質偏低,監(jiān)獄管理制度落后。 保障罪犯權利的措施分為立法救濟和執(zhí)行中的救濟。立法救濟主要是要完善監(jiān)獄立法,一是完善罪犯的勞動立法,完善罪犯勞動時間、勞動負荷、安全衛(wèi)生、工傷保險、勞動報酬等問題,使之與我國加入的國際條約同步;二是補全罪犯權利的種類,將罪犯應當享有的申請減刑、假釋及保外就醫(yī)的權利納入法律體系;此外,就是要加強部門法之間的銜接,使罪犯權利保障有一個完整的法律體系。執(zhí)行中的救濟主要是要提高執(zhí)行人員的素質,完善監(jiān)獄管理制度以及加強監(jiān)獄行刑的監(jiān)督力度。
[Abstract]:The basis of protecting the rights of criminals is that the protection of the rights of criminals is the yardstick to measure the human rights of our country and reflects the citizenship of criminals, the protection of the rights of criminals is the need of governing the country according to law and building a harmonious society. Safeguarding the rights of criminals is also the need to ensure good order in prisons. To establish the scope of criminal rights, we should adhere to the principle of human rights protection, the principle of rule by law, the principle of individualization of punishment and the principle of re-socialization. These principles complement each other and work together. The rights of criminals can be divided into legal rights and due rights of criminals. The legal rights of criminals are mainly political rights, labor rest rights, freedom of religious belief, personal rights, economic rights and the right to defense, representation, accusation and prosecution; Criminals should have the right to apply for commutation of sentence, parole, the right to seek medical treatment outside prison and the right to marriage and family. The due right of the criminal is a supplement to the legal right of the criminal, which needs to be clearly stipulated in the legislation. The obstacles to the protection of criminal rights can be divided into obstacles in legislation and obstacles in implementation. The main obstacles in legislation are that the provisions on the rights of criminals in Prison Law are out of step with the relevant international treaties to which China is a party, the categories of prisoners' rights stipulated in the Prison Law are not complete, and the contents of prisoners' rights stipulated in the Prison Law are abstract. The obstacles in execution are the outmoded concept of the executive, the low professional quality of the executor and the backward prison management system. The measures to protect the rights of criminals can be divided into legislative relief and enforcement relief. The main purpose of the legislative relief is to perfect the prison legislation. First, to perfect the criminal's labor legislation, to perfect the criminal's working time, labor load, safety and health, industrial injury insurance, labor compensation and so on, so that it can keep pace with the international treaties that China has joined. Second, it is necessary to supplement the types of criminal rights and to incorporate into the legal system the right to apply for commutation of sentence, parole and access to medical treatment outside prison, which should be enjoyed by criminals; in addition, it is necessary to strengthen the link between departmental laws so as to provide a complete legal system for the protection of criminals' rights. The relief in execution is mainly to improve the quality of the executors, improve the prison management system and strengthen the prison execution supervision.
【學位授予單位】：廣西民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.7

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