【摘要】：藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法是藏族傳統(tǒng)法文化的重要組成部分。早在公元六、七世紀(jì)吐蕃王朝時(shí)期的《法律二十條》、《六大法典》和《三十六制》以及敦煌出土的《吐蕃三律》等成文法中,就已出現(xiàn)關(guān)于農(nóng)牧經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,土地、牧場、牲畜等財(cái)產(chǎn)歸屬、使用,買賣、借貸契約,“如期還債”和“斗秤公平”等交易原則,財(cái)產(chǎn)侵權(quán)賠償,盜竊追償、財(cái)產(chǎn)糾紛處理與訴訟等一系列獨(dú)具特色的藏族民事財(cái)產(chǎn)法律規(guī)范與制度。本論文通過研究藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法發(fā)生、發(fā)展、演變的過程,通過對(duì)藏族社會(huì)不同歷史階段制定法、部落習(xí)慣法及鄉(xiāng)規(guī)俗例中涉及民事財(cái)產(chǎn)方面內(nèi)容的分析,對(duì)藏族歷史上曾經(jīng)存在過的民事主體制度、物權(quán)制度、債權(quán)制度、侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度等財(cái)產(chǎn)法律制度以及藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法律制度下的民事財(cái)產(chǎn)關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究,以探求藏族游牧文化背景下藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法文化的特點(diǎn)。首先,本文論述了藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法的流變與淵源,藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法經(jīng)歷了史前時(shí)期私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的出現(xiàn)和財(cái)產(chǎn)規(guī)范的萌芽、吐蕃王朝時(shí)期的初創(chuàng)、分裂割據(jù)時(shí)期的發(fā)展和教派時(shí)期的成熟四個(gè)發(fā)展階段,并對(duì)藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法的兩大法律淵源——藏族古代成文法、習(xí)慣法中財(cái)產(chǎn)方面的法律規(guī)范進(jìn)行闡述。其次,本文對(duì)藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法的主體及財(cái)產(chǎn)的分類進(jìn)行敘述,闡釋和分析了吐蕃王朝時(shí)期和西藏農(nóng)奴制社會(huì)時(shí)期不同的財(cái)產(chǎn)法主體,并對(duì)土地、牲畜、奴隸和其他財(cái)產(chǎn)等財(cái)產(chǎn)的種類和特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行敘述和分析。再次,本文對(duì)財(cái)產(chǎn)法的兩大組成部分——藏族古代的物權(quán)制度和債權(quán)制度分別進(jìn)行論述。藏族古代物權(quán)制度部分對(duì)藏族古代的物權(quán)種類、各種財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有權(quán)及其演變過程、藏族古代用益物權(quán)和擔(dān)保物權(quán)進(jìn)行介紹和分析。藏族古代債權(quán)制度包括兩部分：藏族古代侵權(quán)行為之債部分對(duì)西藏古代債權(quán)制度的發(fā)展、債的分類等問題進(jìn)行闡述,闡釋了藏族古代侵權(quán)行為法的歷史發(fā)展歷程、藏族古代侵權(quán)行為之債的構(gòu)成要件和歸責(zé)原則、種類、損害賠償及免責(zé)事由等；藏族古代契約之債部分分析了藏族古代的契約之債的種類及特點(diǎn),并對(duì)買賣契約、借貸契約、借用契約、雇傭契約、互易契約、其他契約及契約的擔(dān)保等問題進(jìn)行分析。最后,本文論述了藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法的特點(diǎn)及影響因素,特別是藏族游牧文化及其移動(dòng)性和游牧生計(jì)方式對(duì)藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法的主體、物權(quán)、債權(quán)等制度產(chǎn)生的影響,并對(duì)藏族古代財(cái)產(chǎn)法作為藏族古代法制組成部分的一般特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行討論。
[Abstract]:Tibetan ancient property law is an important part of Tibetan traditional legal culture. As early as in the 20th Law of the Tubo Dynasty in the sixth and seventh centuries of the Yuan, the six codes and the 36 system, as well as the Tubo three laws unearthed in Dunhuang, there have been written laws concerning the economic development of agriculture and animal husbandry, land, pastures, and so on. The principles of ownership, use, sale, loan contract, "repayment of debts on schedule" and "fair balance" of livestock and other property, compensation for property infringement, and recovery of theft, A series of unique legal norms and systems of Tibetan civil property, such as the settlement of property disputes and litigation. By studying the process of the occurrence, development and evolution of Tibetan ancient property law, this paper analyzes the content of civil property in different historical stages of Tibetan society, tribal customary law and rural regulations. This paper studies the property legal systems such as the civil subject system, the real right system, the creditor's right system, the tort liability system, and the civil property relations under the Tibetan ancient property law system, which once existed in the history of the Tibetan people. In order to explore the characteristics of Tibetan ancient property law culture under the background of Tibetan nomadic culture. First of all, this paper discusses the evolution and origin of Tibetan ancient property law. Tibetan ancient property law experienced the emergence of private property and the germination of property norms in the prehistoric period, and the start-up of Tubo Dynasty. The development of sectarian period and the maturity of sectarian period are divided into four stages, and the two main legal sources of Tibetan ancient property law-Tibetan ancient statute law and the legal norm of property in customary law, are expounded. Secondly, this paper describes the main body of Tibetan ancient property law and the classification of property, explains and analyzes the different subjects of property law in Tubo Dynasty and Tibetan serfdom period, and analyzes the land, livestock, and so on. The types and characteristics of property, such as slaves and other property, are described and analysed. Thirdly, this paper discusses the real right system and creditor's right system of Tibetan ancient times, which are the two major components of property law. The part of Tibetan ancient real right system introduces and analyzes the types of Tibetan ancient real rights, the ownership and evolution of all kinds of property, Tibetan ancient usufruct and security rights. The ancient Tibetan creditor's right system consists of two parts: the debt part of Tibetan ancient tort has expounded the development of Tibetan ancient creditor's right system and the classification of debt, and has explained the historical development course of Tibetan ancient tort law. The constitution elements and imputation principle of the debts of the ancient Tibetan tort, the types, the compensation for damages and the reasons for exemption from liability, and so on; The part of Tibetan ancient contract debt analyzes the types and characteristics of Tibetan ancient contract debt, and analyzes the sale and purchase contract, loan contract, employment contract, reciprocal contract, other contracts and the guarantee of contract, and other issues such as purchase and sale contract, loan contract, employment contract, reciprocal contract, other contracts and the guarantee of contract. Finally, this paper discusses the characteristics and influencing factors of Tibetan ancient property law, especially the influence of Tibetan nomadic culture and its mobility and nomadic means of livelihood on the main body, real right, creditor's right and other systems of Tibetan ancient property law. The general characteristics of Tibetan ancient property law as an integral part of Tibetan ancient legal system were discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D90-052;D929
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本文編號(hào)：2466853