本文選題：山西村治　切入點：地方自治　出處：《山西大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 1917-1930年間,山西發(fā)生了一場聲勢浩大的地方行政改革運動,史稱山西村治。作為民國初年官方主導(dǎo)下大規(guī)模的農(nóng)村基層行政改革,山西村治不僅取得了良好的社會成效,而且為后一階段南京國民政府推行縣自治奠定了相應(yīng)的理論和實踐基礎(chǔ)。 在近代地方自治運動中,山西村治改革具有承上啟下的特殊意義,因此,近年來學(xué)者們分別從政治、歷史等不同的角度對此問題進行了深入的研究。然而遺憾的是,很少有學(xué)者關(guān)注到山西村治時期的法律問題。本文試圖對這一問題進行探討和研究,在全文中,筆者始終圍繞山西村治中的法律問題這一核心展開論述,希望能夠借此更加全面地認(rèn)識這一重要的歷史事件,并進一步揭示它與地方自治的關(guān)系以及對我國農(nóng)村基層民主制度建設(shè)的意義。 本文以山西村治時期的法規(guī)、著作、檔案等豐富史料為依據(jù),結(jié)合了當(dāng)代學(xué)者的論文和論著,采用歷史分析方法分析了山西村治的歷史背景,應(yīng)用比較分析方法研究了山西村治與地方自治的關(guān)系,并使用社會分析方法探究了山西村治對我國農(nóng)村基層民主制度建設(shè)的啟示等,以期對民國初年山西村治中的法律問題進行綜合性研究。 引言:介紹了當(dāng)前學(xué)界對山西村治問題的認(rèn)識,闡述了以法律的視角研究山西村治問題的價值。 第一部分:通過闡述山西村治的概念、歷史背景、指導(dǎo)思想、具體內(nèi)容以及山西村治的發(fā)展及衰落,完成對山西村治改革基本內(nèi)容的介紹,為進一步論述作好鋪墊。 第二部分:闡釋了山西村治中的法律思想,并通過分析,得出它們的本質(zhì)是人治思想的結(jié)論。 第三部分:通過介紹民國初年山西村治的立法概況,分析得出這一時期的相關(guān)法律制度具有習(xí)慣性規(guī)范較多、程序性規(guī)范突出以及懲罰方式以“勸告”為起點的特點。 第四部分:通過村自治機關(guān)的運作和村禁約制度的實行來概述山西村治的法律運行狀況,最后得出山西村治改革并非走上“自治”道路,而是走向了“官治”道路的結(jié)論。 第五部分:對山西村治的法制建設(shè)進行反思。首先分析了山西村治與地方自治的關(guān)系,得出山西村治是具有一定自治因素的行政編村體制的結(jié)論。其次,通過總結(jié)山西村治的歷史經(jīng)驗,認(rèn)為山西村治中村自治機關(guān)的設(shè)置以及村禁約制度的實行,對我國當(dāng)代村民自治制度建設(shè)具有借鑒意義。第三,通過分析山西村治的歷史教訓(xùn),認(rèn)為山西村治中行政干預(yù)過多與選舉制度的局限性是導(dǎo)致山西村治失敗的主要原因,對此,我國當(dāng)代的村民自治制度應(yīng)當(dāng)堅決予以摒棄。 結(jié)論部分:第一,民國初年山西村治的法律指導(dǎo)思想以人治為主;第二,民國初年山西村治的法律運行表明,該制度的實質(zhì)是披著“自治”外衣的“官治”;第三,民國初年山西村治并非憲政意義上的地方自治。
[Abstract]:From 1917 to 1930, a great local administrative reform movement took place in Shanxi, known as Shanxi Village Government. As a large-scale rural grass-roots administrative reform led by government in the early Republic of China, Shanxi Village Government not only achieved good social results. Moreover, it lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the Nanjing National Government to carry out county autonomy in the latter stage. In the modern local autonomy movement, the reform of Shanxi village government has special significance, so in recent years, scholars have studied this problem from different angles of politics and history respectively. Few scholars have paid attention to the legal problems in the period of Shanxi Village Governance. This paper attempts to discuss and study this issue. In the full text, the author always focuses on the core of the legal issues in the governance of Shanxi Village. It is hoped that this important historical event can be fully understood and its relationship with local autonomy and its significance to the construction of rural grass-roots democratic system can be further revealed. Based on the abundant historical materials such as laws, works, archives and so on, and combining the papers and works of contemporary scholars, this paper analyzes the historical background of Shanxi Village Governance by the method of historical analysis. This paper studies the relationship between Shanxi village governance and local autonomy by means of comparative analysis, and probes into the enlightenment of Shanxi village governance to the construction of rural grass-roots democratic system by using social analysis method. With a view to the early years of the Republic of China Shanxi Village in the comprehensive study of the legal issues. Introduction: this paper introduces the current understanding of Shanxi Village Governance in academic circles and expounds the value of studying Shanxi Village Governance from the perspective of law. The first part: by expounding the concept, historical background, guiding ideology, concrete content and the development and decline of Shanxi Village Government, the author completes the introduction of the basic content of Shanxi Village Governance Reform, and lays the groundwork for further discussion. In the second part, the author explains the legal thoughts in the governance of Shanxi Village, and draws the conclusion that their essence is the thought of ruling by Man. The third part: by introducing the legislative survey of Shanxi Village Government in the early period of the Republic of China, it is concluded that the relevant legal system in this period has the characteristics of more customary norms, prominent procedural norms and the punishment of "advice" as the starting point. Part 4th: through the operation of the village self-government organs and the implementation of the village prohibition system, the author summarizes the legal operation of Shanxi village government, and finally draws the conclusion that the Shanxi village governance reform is not on the road of "autonomy", but on the road of "government administration". Part 5th: reflection on the legal system construction of Shanxi Village Government. Firstly, the relationship between Shanxi Village Government and local autonomy is analyzed, and the conclusion that Shanxi Village Government is an administrative system with certain autonomous factors is concluded. Through summing up the historical experience of Shanxi village governance, it is considered that the establishment of Shanxi village governing central village self-government organ and the implementation of village ban system have reference significance for the construction of contemporary villager autonomy system in our country. Thirdly, by analyzing the historical lessons of Shanxi village government, It is believed that too much administrative intervention and the limitation of the electoral system are the main reasons leading to the failure of Shanxi village governance. Therefore, the contemporary villager autonomy system in our country should be resolutely abandoned. The conclusions are as follows: first, the guiding ideology of Shanxi village governance in the early period of the Republic of China is the rule of man; second, the law operation of Shanxi village government in the early period of the Republic of China shows that the essence of the system is "official governance" in the guise of "autonomy". In the early years of the Republic of China, the governance of Shanxi Village was not local autonomy in the sense of constitutionalism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D929

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