邪教犯罪問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-11 16:25
【摘要】：邪教是世界性難題。本文從中外對邪教的認(rèn)識入手,對我國邪教組織的法律概念、邪教組織犯罪的犯罪構(gòu)成、法律特征進(jìn)行研究,闡述了邪教犯罪的危害。分析了我國邪教產(chǎn)生的深刻歷史、文化和社會背景,闡述了我國邪教形成和發(fā)展的原因。長期封建社會形成的迷信思想、改革開放后社會變革產(chǎn)生的影響、有關(guān)部門管理和法律規(guī)范的缺失等,是造成邪教滋生蔓延的主要原因。這些決定了我國邪教將長期存在,也決定了邪教活動是長期的、反復(fù)的、復(fù)雜的。近年來,隨著形勢的變化,邪教犯罪活動出現(xiàn)了新特點,邪教活動從公開轉(zhuǎn)入地下,更具隱蔽性,犯罪方式呈現(xiàn)多樣化,犯罪方式向高科技、智能化發(fā)展,利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)開展邪教犯罪活動越來越普遍。邪教犯罪活動呈現(xiàn)出：政治目標(biāo)進(jìn)一步明確,與政治勢力相勾結(jié)、成為反華工具,成員年輕化、知識化,向農(nóng)村領(lǐng)域不斷滲透等發(fā)展趨勢。治理邪教犯罪是擺在我政府面前的緊迫課題,打擊邪教犯罪工作實踐中存在著：適用法律存在不足；邪教的法律體系不系統(tǒng)不完整；邪教組織認(rèn)定主體和程序亟需立法完善等諸多問題。另外,在防范邪教犯罪實踐中,存在邪教犯罪反偵查意識強,審訊難、取證難、打擊處理難；反邪教法律宣傳缺失,公眾反邪教法律意識淡薄等問題。針對邪教犯罪的新特點,在邪教犯罪日益國際化的背景下,必須加強反邪教專門立法,完善經(jīng)濟(jì)文化領(lǐng)域的邪教立法,建立完善的反邪教法律體系,依法開展反邪教法律宣傳,提高公民的法律意識。必須嚴(yán)打邪教犯罪,并從公安機關(guān)偵查實踐出發(fā),提出打擊邪教犯罪的對策。強化情報信息搜集,掌握邪教犯罪動向；加強專案偵查,打擊邪教犯罪；各警種協(xié)作配合,強化基礎(chǔ)防范;注重審訊技巧,擴大戰(zhàn)果等；對邪教的國際化趨勢,要加強國際打擊邪教犯罪的交流合作。最后,筆者結(jié)合打擊邪教犯罪的司法實踐,提出打擊邪教犯罪活動必須堅持的重要原則,打擊與防范并重；打擊與教育轉(zhuǎn)化并重,打擊處理與保障人權(quán)相結(jié)合；打擊與低調(diào)處理相結(jié)合：打擊極少數(shù)骨干與爭取大多數(shù)相結(jié)合,法律治理與其他治理手段相結(jié)合等。打擊邪教犯罪,必須著眼于長期斗爭,從邪教產(chǎn)生的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會原因等方面入手,動員全社會的力量,運用法律制裁、行政手段、法制宣傳、思想教育、科技普及、保障民生等手段,開展綜合治理,從根本上解決邪教問題,保障社會長治久安。
[Abstract]:Cults are a worldwide problem. Starting with the understanding of cults at home and abroad, this paper studies the legal concept of cults in our country, the criminal constitution and legal characteristics of crimes committed by cults, and expounds the harm of the crime of cults. This paper analyzes the profound historical, cultural and social background of the emergence of cults in China, and expounds the reasons for the formation and development of cults in China. The superstition formed in the feudal society for a long time, the influence of the social reform after the reform and opening up, the lack of the management of the relevant departments and the lack of legal norms are the main reasons for the breeding and spreading of cults. This determines the long-term existence of cults in our country, and also determines that cult activities are long-term, repetitive, and complex. In recent years, with the change of the situation, new features have emerged in the criminal activities of cults. Cult activities have gone from open to underground, with more concealment, diversification of criminal methods, and the development of criminal methods towards high technology and intelligence. The use of the Internet to carry out cult criminal activities is becoming more and more common. The criminal activities of evil cults have shown a trend of further clarification of political objectives, collusion with political forces, becoming anti-China tools, younger members, more educated members, and constant infiltration into the rural areas. Controlling evil cult crime is an urgent subject in front of our government. In the practice of cracking down on cult crime, there are some shortcomings in the application of law, and the legal system of cult is not systematic and incomplete. The cult organization recognizes the main body and the procedure urgently needs the legislation consummation and so on many questions and so on. In addition, in the practice of preventing crimes against evil cults, there are problems such as strong awareness of anti-investigation of cult crimes, difficulty in interrogation, difficulty in obtaining evidence, and difficulty in dealing with blows, lack of legal propaganda against cults, and weak public awareness of anti-cult laws, and so on. In view of the new characteristics of cult crimes, under the background of the increasing internationalization of cult crimes, it is necessary to strengthen special anti-cult legislation, perfect cult legislation in the economic and cultural fields, establish a sound anti-cult legal system, and carry out anti-cult legal propaganda in accordance with the law. To raise the legal awareness of citizens. It is necessary to crack down on the crime of cults and put forward countermeasures to crack down on the crime of cults from the investigation practice of public security organs. Strengthening the collection of intelligence information, mastering the criminal trend of evil cults, strengthening ad hoc investigations, cracking down on cult crimes, cooperating with various police services, strengthening basic prevention, paying attention to interrogation techniques and expanding war results, and so on; and regarding the trend of the internationalization of cults. It is necessary to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in cracking down on cult crimes. Finally, combining with the judicial practice of cracking down on the crime of cults, the author puts forward the important principle that must be adhered to in cracking down on the criminal activities of cults, paying equal attention to both attacking and preventing, and combining the crackdown with the transformation of education, and the combination of combating, dealing with and safeguarding human rights. The combination of strike and low-key treatment: striking a very small number of backbone and winning for the majority, legal governance and other means of governance combined. In cracking down on cult crimes, we must focus on the long-term struggle, start with the political, economic, and social causes of the cults, mobilize the strength of the whole society, and use legal sanctions, administrative means, legal propaganda, ideological education, and the popularization of science and technology. Safeguard people's livelihood and other means, carry out comprehensive management, fundamentally solve cult problems, and ensure the long-term stability of society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D917.6
本文編號：2237210
[Abstract]:Cults are a worldwide problem. Starting with the understanding of cults at home and abroad, this paper studies the legal concept of cults in our country, the criminal constitution and legal characteristics of crimes committed by cults, and expounds the harm of the crime of cults. This paper analyzes the profound historical, cultural and social background of the emergence of cults in China, and expounds the reasons for the formation and development of cults in China. The superstition formed in the feudal society for a long time, the influence of the social reform after the reform and opening up, the lack of the management of the relevant departments and the lack of legal norms are the main reasons for the breeding and spreading of cults. This determines the long-term existence of cults in our country, and also determines that cult activities are long-term, repetitive, and complex. In recent years, with the change of the situation, new features have emerged in the criminal activities of cults. Cult activities have gone from open to underground, with more concealment, diversification of criminal methods, and the development of criminal methods towards high technology and intelligence. The use of the Internet to carry out cult criminal activities is becoming more and more common. The criminal activities of evil cults have shown a trend of further clarification of political objectives, collusion with political forces, becoming anti-China tools, younger members, more educated members, and constant infiltration into the rural areas. Controlling evil cult crime is an urgent subject in front of our government. In the practice of cracking down on cult crime, there are some shortcomings in the application of law, and the legal system of cult is not systematic and incomplete. The cult organization recognizes the main body and the procedure urgently needs the legislation consummation and so on many questions and so on. In addition, in the practice of preventing crimes against evil cults, there are problems such as strong awareness of anti-investigation of cult crimes, difficulty in interrogation, difficulty in obtaining evidence, and difficulty in dealing with blows, lack of legal propaganda against cults, and weak public awareness of anti-cult laws, and so on. In view of the new characteristics of cult crimes, under the background of the increasing internationalization of cult crimes, it is necessary to strengthen special anti-cult legislation, perfect cult legislation in the economic and cultural fields, establish a sound anti-cult legal system, and carry out anti-cult legal propaganda in accordance with the law. To raise the legal awareness of citizens. It is necessary to crack down on the crime of cults and put forward countermeasures to crack down on the crime of cults from the investigation practice of public security organs. Strengthening the collection of intelligence information, mastering the criminal trend of evil cults, strengthening ad hoc investigations, cracking down on cult crimes, cooperating with various police services, strengthening basic prevention, paying attention to interrogation techniques and expanding war results, and so on; and regarding the trend of the internationalization of cults. It is necessary to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in cracking down on cult crimes. Finally, combining with the judicial practice of cracking down on the crime of cults, the author puts forward the important principle that must be adhered to in cracking down on the criminal activities of cults, paying equal attention to both attacking and preventing, and combining the crackdown with the transformation of education, and the combination of combating, dealing with and safeguarding human rights. The combination of strike and low-key treatment: striking a very small number of backbone and winning for the majority, legal governance and other means of governance combined. In cracking down on cult crimes, we must focus on the long-term struggle, start with the political, economic, and social causes of the cults, mobilize the strength of the whole society, and use legal sanctions, administrative means, legal propaganda, ideological education, and the popularization of science and technology. Safeguard people's livelihood and other means, carry out comprehensive management, fundamentally solve cult problems, and ensure the long-term stability of society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D917.6
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