本文選題：基層警察權(quán)益 + 保護(hù)　； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：人民警察是社會公平正義的化身，是群眾利益的保護(hù)神。但是隨著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，各種社會矛盾層出不窮，各地襲警案件頻繁發(fā)生，民警傷亡人數(shù)居高不下，身心健康狀況令人擔(dān)憂，執(zhí)法權(quán)益遭受極大侵犯。面對嚴(yán)酷的社會現(xiàn)實(shí)，我們應(yīng)該更加科學(xué)地界定警察權(quán)益保護(hù)的內(nèi)涵，認(rèn)真梳理存在的問題，冷靜分析民警權(quán)益遭受侵犯的原因，積極探索有效對策，全力保障和維護(hù)民警合法權(quán)益，為我國社會主義法治建設(shè)提供有力支持。 警察權(quán)益保護(hù)的內(nèi)涵需從權(quán)利與利益說和執(zhí)法權(quán)益說這兩種學(xué)說分析，，本文采權(quán)利與利益說，加強(qiáng)警察權(quán)益保護(hù)，有利于人民警察更好地履行工作職責(zé)；有利于減少侵犯民警權(quán)益的案（事）件發(fā)生；有利于創(chuàng)造和諧的執(zhí)法環(huán)境。目前侵犯警察權(quán)益的現(xiàn)象主要呈現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn)：工作任務(wù)繁重，壓力日漸增大，民警心理健康狀況令人憂慮；警力嚴(yán)重不足，民警超負(fù)荷工作，積勞成疾；暴力襲警突出，群體性抗法頻發(fā)，警察生命健康受到極大威脅；惡意投訴增多，誣告陷害現(xiàn)象突出，警察名譽(yù)權(quán)侵害嚴(yán)重。 我們來冷靜分析一下原因警察權(quán)益受侵犯的原因：高負(fù)荷、高強(qiáng)度、高度緊張的工作狀況，讓警察心理壓力無法及時排解；公安工作任務(wù)日漸繁重、警力嚴(yán)重不足，公安機(jī)關(guān)配置結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、內(nèi)部運(yùn)作效率低下，公安機(jī)關(guān)職責(zé)定位模糊，工作量很大而效果不佳，警力增加缺乏法律制度保障，民警整體素質(zhì)不高，以上原因使警察休息權(quán)得不到保障。警察生命健康權(quán)屢遭侵害的原因有：經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌、社會轉(zhuǎn)型，各種因素蕩滌沖擊；法律法規(guī)不盡完善，懲罰力度明顯不夠；執(zhí)法環(huán)境不夠理想，警民關(guān)系尚缺和諧；民警執(zhí)法不規(guī)范，自身素質(zhì)亟待提高；教育培訓(xùn)工作滯后，武器裝備亟待改善。警察名譽(yù)權(quán)受到侵害的原因主要有：對于大量存在的誣告陷害、侮辱謾罵、惡意誹謗、暴力威脅等行為的相關(guān)法律法規(guī)不健全；民警名譽(yù)權(quán)受到侵害時的維權(quán)機(jī)構(gòu)欠缺；總體執(zhí)法環(huán)境較差；輿論導(dǎo)向出現(xiàn)偏差偏激現(xiàn)象，另外，公安隊伍內(nèi)部自身存在一定的問題。 保護(hù)警察權(quán)益的對策：對于警察心理健康權(quán)的保護(hù)，要從開展民警心理健康狀況和心理素質(zhì)調(diào)研評估，廣泛開展心理咨詢服務(wù)，積極探索心理危機(jī)干預(yù)機(jī)制，積極開展心理健康教育和心理培訓(xùn)等方面著手開展。對于警察休息權(quán)的保護(hù)，要從提高各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對維護(hù)警察休息權(quán)的重視程度，優(yōu)化警力配置格局，提高內(nèi)部工作效率，轉(zhuǎn)變工作思路，善于借助“民力”為我所用等方面著手進(jìn)行。對于最重要的警察生命健康權(quán)的保護(hù)，要重點(diǎn)做好以下工作：增設(shè)襲警犯罪，明確法律懲治；保障身心健康，加大經(jīng)費(fèi)投入，要構(gòu)建民警健康狀況預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，要落實(shí)從優(yōu)待警措施，加大經(jīng)費(fèi)保障力度；要優(yōu)化執(zhí)法環(huán)境，融洽警民關(guān)系，具體而言，要嚴(yán)格界定警務(wù)行為的范圍，限制非警務(wù)活動，要充分發(fā)揮媒體的輿論導(dǎo)向作用，維護(hù)執(zhí)法權(quán)威；要提高民警素質(zhì)，充實(shí)基層警力，具體而言，要加大教育培訓(xùn)力度，提高民警素質(zhì)，要充實(shí)基層警力，優(yōu)化警力配置；要改善物質(zhì)裝備，增強(qiáng)實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力，具體來說，一是改善信息設(shè)施、交通裝備條件，實(shí)現(xiàn)科技強(qiáng)警，二是加大警械武器的使用力度和配備力度。對于警察名譽(yù)權(quán)的保護(hù)，可以從以下幾個方面著手：一是建立健全警察榮譽(yù)權(quán)保護(hù)法律法規(guī)，二是設(shè)立人民警察名譽(yù)權(quán)保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)，三是著力改善社會執(zhí)法大環(huán)境，四是加強(qiáng)與新聞媒體的溝通交流，五是不斷提高人民警察自身素質(zhì)。 當(dāng)前，我國正處于人民內(nèi)部矛盾的突現(xiàn)期、刑事犯罪的高發(fā)期、對敵斗爭的復(fù)雜期，公安機(jī)關(guān)擔(dān)負(fù)著比以往更加繁重艱巨的任務(wù)。尊重警察就是尊重國家權(quán)威；保護(hù)警察就是保護(hù)人民自己。保護(hù)人民警察的合法權(quán)益和保護(hù)人民群眾的合法權(quán)益，是相輔相成的。只有首先保護(hù)人民警察的合法權(quán)益，才能真正使國家、集體和人民群眾的合法權(quán)益得到保護(hù)，從而為構(gòu)建和諧社會創(chuàng)造良好的社會環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:The people's police are the incarnation of social justice and justice, and the protector of the interests of the masses. However, with the continuous development of the social and economic development, various social contradictions emerge in endlessly. The cases of assaulting police in various places frequently occur, the number of casualties of the police is high, the physical and mental health is worrying, and the rights and interests of the law enforcement are greatly violated. Facing the harsh social reality, I We should more scientifically define the connotation of the protection of police rights and interests, carefully comb the existing problems, calmly analyze the reasons for the infringement of the rights and interests of the police, actively explore effective countermeasures, fully guarantee and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the police, and provide a strong support for the construction of the socialist rule of law in China.
The connotation of the protection of police rights and interests should be analyzed from the two doctrines of rights and interests and law enforcement rights. This article takes the rights and interests and interests, strengthens the protection of the rights and interests of the police, helps the people's police to perform their duties better, helps to reduce the cases of the infringement of the rights and interests of the police, and is conducive to the creation of a harmonious law enforcement environment. The phenomenon of police rights and interests mainly presents the following characteristics: heavy work task, increasing pressure, worrying mental health of the police, serious lack of police force, overloading of police, overwork of police, violent assaulting police, frequent occurrence of group resistance, and great threat to the health of police; more malicious complaints and false accusations. As it stands out, the right of the police is seriously infringed.
We will analyze the reasons for the infringement of the police's rights and interests calmly: high load, high intensity and high tension, so that the police psychological pressure can not be solved in time; the task of police work is increasingly heavy, the police force is seriously inadequate, the structure of the public security organs is not reasonable, the internal operation is inefficient, the position of public security organs is vague, and the work of public security organs is fuzzy. Large quantity but poor effect, the increase of police force lack of legal system guarantee, the overall quality of police is not high, the above reasons make the police rest right can not be guaranteed. The reasons of the police life and health rights are repeatedly infringed on: economic transition, social transformation, all kinds of factors to wipe out the impact; laws and regulations are not perfect, the punishment intensity is obviously insufficient; law enforcement ring The situation is not ideal, the relations between the police and the people are still short of harmony; the police law enforcement is not standard, the quality of their own needs to be improved; the education and training work is lagging behind and the weapons and equipment are urgently to be improved. The main reasons for the infringement of the right of the police are as follows: the related laws and regulations about a large number of false accusations, insult abuses, maliciously libel, and threat of violence are not healthy. All of them are deficient in the rights of the civil police when the right of reputation is infringed; the overall law enforcement environment is poor; the guidance of public opinion is biased in deviation. In addition, there are certain problems within the public security team itself.
The countermeasures to protect the rights and interests of the police: for the protection of the police's right to mental health, the psychological health and psychological quality of the police should be evaluated, the psychological consultation service is carried out extensively, the psychological crisis intervention mechanism is actively explored, the psychological health education and the psychological training are actively carried out. The protection of the right to rest for the police is protected, It is necessary to improve the attention of the leaders at all levels to maintain the right to rest the police, optimize the configuration of police force, improve the efficiency of the internal work, change the work train of thought, and be good at the use of "civil power" for our own use. For the most important police's right to life and health protection, the following work should be done: adding the crime of assaulting police and clear law In order to ensure physical and mental health and increase the investment, we should establish the early warning system for the health status of the police, implement the measures from preferential treatment and increase the security of the funds, optimize the environment of the law enforcement and harmonizing the relations between the police and the people. In particular, we should strictly define the scope of the policing behavior, limit the non policing activities, and give full play to the media's guidance of public opinion. To use and maintain the authority of law enforcement; to improve the quality of the police and to enrich the grass-roots police force, in particular, we should increase the strength of education and training, improve the quality of the police, enrich the police force at the grass-roots level, optimize the allocation of police force, improve the material equipment and enhance the actual combat capability. In particular, the first is to improve the information facilities, the conditions of traffic equipment, the realization of the scientific and technological police, and the two increase in the police. The protection of the police weapons and weapons. For the protection of the right of the reputation of the police, we can start from the following aspects: first, to establish and improve the laws and regulations for the protection of the right of the police, two is to set up the right to protect the right of the people's police, the three is to improve the social law enforcement environment, and the four is to strengthen communication with the news media, five We will constantly improve the quality of the people's police.
At present, our country is in the emergence period of the contradictions among the people. The high incidence of criminal crime and the complex period of the struggle against the enemy, the public security organs take on more arduous and arduous tasks than before. Respect for the police is to respect the authority of the state; the protection of the police is to protect the people themselves, protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people's police and protect the people. The legal rights and interests of the law complement each other. Only by protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the people's police, can the legitimate rights and interests of the state, the collective and the people be protected, thus creating a good social environment for the construction of a harmonious society.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D631.1

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